WELCOME

KARNATAKA GOVT. EVENING POLYTECHNIC

 Project Presentation
On

AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH

A PRESENTATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Department of
Department of
Electrical &
Electrical & Electronics
Electronics Engg.
Engg.
 TEAM MEMBER
• KISHORE KUMAR - Reg No :- 186EE18302

• STEPHAN D’SILVA - Reg No :- 186EE18305

IN
IN GUIDENCE
GUIDENCE WITH
WITH

Mr. DAYANANDA GATTY

(HOD,
HOD, DEPT
DEPT OF E&E)
OF E&E
 •• What
What is
is Automatic
Automatic Transfer
Transfer Switch
Switch
•• Methodology
Methodology
•• Project
Project Category
Category
•• Aims
Aims and
and Objectives
Objectives
•• Design
Design Requirements
Requirements
•• Component
Component Overview
Overview
COVERAGE •• Circuit
Circuit Diagram
Diagram
•• Block
Block Diagram
Diagram
•• Working
Working Principle
Principle
•• Pro
Pro &
& Cons
Cons
•• Future
Future Scope
Scope
•• Project
Project Photos
Photos
•• Conclusion
Conclusion
WHAT IS AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH

Transfer Switches allow switching from a Primary Power

Source to a Secondary power source. These switches can
be seen where emergency power generators are used to
backup from the utility source.

The transfer switching allows safely switching from

utility power to emergency generator power while
maintaining isolation of each source from the other
 METHODOLOGY
TRANSFER TYPES

AUTO
AUTO MANUAL
MANUAL

BREAK BEFOR
BREAK BEFOR MAKE
MAKE MAKE BEFORE
MAKE BEFORE BREAK
BREAK SOFT LOADING
SOFT LOADING STATIC TRANSFER
STATIC TRANSFER

CHANGE OVER
CHANGE OVER BETWEEN
BETWEEN USES POWER
USES POWER ELECTRONIC
ELECTRONIC
TWO GENERATOR
TWO GENERATOR DEVICES
DEVICES

OPEN TRANSITION
OPEN TRANSITION CLOSED TRANSITION
CLOSED TRANSITION
 PROJECT CATEGORY
This project is carried out under the courses related to

1. Electrical Wiring
2. Electrical Switchgear and Protections
3. Electrical Estimation and Costing
4. Electrical Transmission and Distribution
5. Electrical Power Generation
6. Electrical Motor Control lab
 AIM & PROJECT OBJECTIVE

The Changeover Unit in our Institution is motor operated

and it is out of order, hence every time it has to be
operated manually whenever the power fails. The
Replacement of the faulty unit is expensive and not
repairable
 AIM & PROJECT OBJECTIVE

So we come up with an idea of Automate the same system

with retrofitting, contactor based change over system.

Our aim is to provide safe and reliable change over system

provided With All possible protections , Safe change over
timing, OV / UV Monitoring with minimum components .
DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

1. Monitoring of Main Supply

2. Starting of Generator when Main Supply fails
3. After Voltage Build up, connect load to standby supply
4. Monitor of Main power supply resume
5. Change over to Main Supply
COMPONENT OVERVIEW
• Power Contactors
• Timers
• Relays
• OV / UV Relay
• MCBs
• Push Buttons
• Indication Lamps
• Selector Switch
• Aux. Contactor
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
MINIMALISTIC DESIGN
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

GRID
440V AC
440V AC FROM
FROM GRID GENON
ON/ /
VOLTAGE
VOLTAGE
GEN TO GENERATOR
TO GENERATOR
GRID
GRID STOP RELAY
SENSING STOP RELAY ON // STOP
ON STOP BUTTON
BUTTON
SENSING

GEN
GEN AUTO
AUTO
440V AV
440V AV FROM
FROM
VOLTAGE
VOLTAGE TRANSFER
TRANSFER 440V AC
440V AC TO
TO LOAD
LOAD
GENERATOR
GENERATOR SENSING
SENSING SWITCH
SWITCH

BATTERY 12V
BATTERY 12V AUTO
AUTOSTART
START TO GENERATOR
TO GENERATOR
CIRCUIT SELF START
SELF START SWITCH
SWITCH
CIRCUIT
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
PROVIDED WITH
PROVIDED WITH AUTO
AUTO // MANUAL
MANUAL SWITCH
SWITCH
Control supply
Control supply feeds
feeds both
both circuits
circuits separately
separately through
through MPFR
MPFR &
& GPFR
GPFR

AUTO Mode

Normal Supply Healthy –

- Power Contactor K2 and K1 gets energized after

predetermined time delay.

- Provided that both K3 and K4 is dropped ( Generator power

contactor) and feeds Grid power to load.
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
PROVIDED WITH
PROVIDED WITH AUTO
AUTO // MANUAL
MANUAL SWITCH
SWITCH
Control supply
Control supply feeds
feeds both
both circuits
circuits separately
separately through
through MPFR
MPFR &
& GPFR
GPFR

AUTO Mode

Normal Supply Fails –

- Generator gets start command

- after voltage builds up, Power contactor K3 and K4 gets

energized

- Provided that both K1 and K2 are dropped.

 WORKING PRINCIPLE
PROVIDED WITH
PROVIDED WITH AUTO
AUTO // MANUAL
MANUAL SWITCH
SWITCH
Control supply
Control supply feeds
feeds both
both circuits
circuits separately
separately through
through MPFR
MPFR &
& GPFR
GPFR

AUTO Mode

Normal Supply Resumes

- K3 and K4 de-energizes after predetermined time delay

- then K1 and K2 closes after pre-determined time

- Generator gets Stop command after cool down time.

 WORKING PRINCIPLE
PROVIDED WITH
PROVIDED WITH AUTO
AUTO // MANUAL
MANUAL SWITCH
SWITCH
Control supply
Control supply feeds
feeds both
both circuits
circuits separately
separately through
through MPFR
MPFR &
& GPFR
GPFR

MANUAL Mode

- Manually can be operated

- Provided that control supply should be available

 PRO and CONS
Some of the Pro and Cons of this System are as follows.

PRO CON

•• Easy to maintain • Uses more components compare to

Electronic version, hence bulky.
•Common available materials are
used. •Failing of contactor coils leads to
permanent blackout.
•Fault diagnosis is easy
•Grid power contactor energized for all
•Cheap compared to OEM make day thereby reducing service life.
switches
 FUTURE SCOPE

In future versions some more features can be added like,

• Initial budget of this project is more considered to electronic version

introducing Advanced Electronics like Microcontroller / Arduino the
material can be reduced, and thereby the cost.

• Monitoring run hour of generator for maintenance purpose

• Monitoring of volt / current / power generation etc.

 PROJECT PHOTOS

Initial stages of build. Contactor assembly progress.

PROJECT PHOTOS

Final Build.
 CONCLUSION

We have proposed an Automatic Transfer Switch which

- is Easy in Operations
- has Quick Response
- ensures Secure Operations
- avoids possible accidents while operating manually
THANK YOU