Dynamic Metamorphism

Earth and life Science

By: Bravo, Jessy Anne G.
MSEUF
 In the upper portions of the Earth's lithosphere, where the rocks are relatively cold, most of
the deformation occurs through fracturing, resulting in joints, faults and pushes. Since
temperatures are relatively low, this deformation may not be accompanied by metamorphic
reactions, involving the degradation of a mineral species and the development of new
mineral species. Mechanical processes are dominant. However, in and around fractures,
mechanical processes frequently operate on a grain scale, producing very significant
changes in rock tissue. There may be metamorphic responses, but mechanical processes are
prevalent.
 Introduction

 In this Lesson , we will be able to determine the

changes of rocks more because of its own
characteristics.

 We will be able to learn more regarding how rocks

are changing and moving on its place.
 Overview

 The outcome of metamorphism depends on pressure, temperature, and the

abundance of fluid involved, and there are many settings with unique
combinations of these factors. Some types of metamorphism are characteristic
of specific plate tectonic settings, but others are not.
 Dynamic metamorphism results mainly from mechanical deformation with
little long-term temperature change. Textures produced by such adjustments
range from breccias composed of angular, shattered rock fragments to very
fine-grained, granulated or powdered rocks with obvious foliation and
lineation.
 What is Dynamic Metamorphism?

 Dynamic metamorphism is the result of very high shear stress, such as occurs
along fault zones. Dynamic metamorphism occurs at relatively low temperatures
compared to other types of metamorphism, and consists predominantly of the
physical changes that happen to a rock experiencing shear stress.

 At lower pressures and temperatures, dynamic metamorphism will have the effect
of breaking and grinding rock, creating cataclastic rocks such as fault breccia At
higher pressures and temperatures, grains and crystals in the rock may deform
without breaking into pieces The outcome of prolonged dynamic metamorphism
under these conditions is a rock called mylonite, in which crystals have been
stretched into thin ribbons.
 Causes

When directed pressure or stress is the dominant agent of

metamorphism, it is termed dynamic; other terms are dislocation,
kinematic, and mechanical metamorphism. Mineralogical changes
occurring on a fault plane provide an obvious example. In some such
cases, the action may simply be a grinding up of existing grains or
realignment of minerals that have non-equant crystals. If the action is
intense, friction may even lead to melting.
Dynamic Metamorphism also occurs because of mountain-building.
These huge forces of heat and pressure cause the rocks to be bent, folded,
crushed, flattened, and sheared.
 CAUSES

 Dynamic metamorphism
takes place anywhere that
faulting occurs at depth
in the crust. Thus,
mylonites can be found at
all plate boundaries, in
rifts, and in collision
zones.
 Causes

 Dynamic Metamorphism also occurs because of mountain-building. These huge forces of

heat and pressure cause the rocks to be bent, folded, crushed, flattened, and sheared.
 Many dynamic metamorphic rocks do not contain equilibrium
assemblages of minerals. Some do, and these are of interest
because conditions of temperature, pressure and fluid
composition during metamorphism, and therefore deformation,
can be estimated from them. But many dynamic metamorphic
rocks with very interesting and informative textures contain only
one type of mineral, such as quartz or calcite. These are
revealing, not because of the P-T conditions of metamorphism,
but because the experimentally determined mechanical
properties of the mineral can be used to understand the
conditions of deformation of the rock concerned.
Where is dynamic metamorphism most likely to
occur?

 Dynamic metamorphism takes place anywhere that faulting

occurs at depth in the crust. Thus, mylonites can be found at
all plate boundaries, in rifts, and in collision zones.
 References

 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-94-017-2590-3_4
 https://geologylearn.blogspot.com/2016/03/where-does-metamorphism-occur.html
 https://www.britannica.com/science/metamorphic-rock/Pressure-temperature-time-pat
hs#ref751334
 https://www.britannica.com/science/metamorphic-rock/Pressure-temperature-time-pat
hs#ref751334
 https://openpress.usask.ca/physicalgeology/chapter/10-3-types-of-metamorphism-and-
where-they-occur-2/
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wW60Pc5QXOk
 https://geo.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/Book%3A_An_Introduction_to
_Geology_(Johnson_Affolter_Inkenbrandt_and_Mosher)/06%3A_Metamorphic_Rock
s/6.05%3A_Metamorphic_Environments
THANK YOU!!