PHYCICAL AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

OF

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT

 CASTRENCE ELEGRACO ERARDO ESTUESTA FAUSTINO

REPORTERS
 GABAY GALLEON IGNACIO JANAIRO LEAL

REPORTERS
 LUCERO MALLAR MONDING

REPORTERS
 TOPIC 1 TOPIC 2
PHYSICAL AND MOTOR PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT DURING DURING ADOLESCENCE
CHILDHOOD

CONTENTS
 CHILDHOOD
 The first stage of life.
 The most fun and memorable time.
 The happiest time of life
 The best part of the time.
 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
 The advancements and refinements of motor
skills, or, in other words, children’s abilities
to use and control their bodies.
 One of the many domains of infant and
toddler development
 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
 It relates to the growth and skill
development of the body, including the brain,
muscles, and senses.
(Example: babies learn about the world as they
develop their physical senses of sight, touch, smell,
sound, and taste.)
 PHYSICAL GROWTH
During this stage, physical development involves:
1) having good muscle control and coordination;
2) developing eye-hand coordination;
3) having good personal hygiene and
4) being aware of good safety habits.
 MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
 Motor development involves skills such as
coordination, balance, speed and agility.
 Coordination is a series of movements organized
and timed to occur in a particular way to bring
about a particular result (Strickland, 2000).
 MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
 Balance is the child’s ability to maintain the
equilibrium or stability of his/her body in
different positions.
 Balance is a skill needed in this stage, when
children are very active.
 MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
 Static balance is the ability to maintain equilibrium

in a fixed position, like balancing on one foot

(Owens, 2006).
 Speed is the ability to cover a distance in the

shortest possible time while agility is one’s ability

to quickly change or shift the direction of the body.
 GROSS-MOTOR SKILL
 Involve the mastery of large muscle
movements, as well as the building of strength
in muscle groups like the arms, legs, and core.
(Examples: for infants and toddlers include
reaching, rolling, crawling, and climbing.)
 FINE-MOTOR SKILL
 Involve smaller, more precise movements,
particularly movements of the hands and fingers,
such as grasping.
 As their bodies grow, infants and toddlers
progressively strengthen their muscles and become
better able to control their bodies.
SOME MOTOR MILESTONE OF PRIMARY
SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN
GROSS-MOTOR SKILL
• Zip zippers and lace shoes
• Able to learn piano or violin
• Control pencil with the finger
and thumb.
• Movement comes from the
Elbow
FINE-MOTOR SKILL
• Hop
• Jump rope
• Skip on alternating feet
• Walk on a balance beam
• Throwing, catching and
kicking become smoother
 GROSS-MOTOR SKILL FINE-MOTOR SKILL
• Write and draw with more
control, but writing looks • Begin to participate in
choppy and uneven. organized games
• Letters are getting smaller.
Uppercase letters are • Skate, ski, bike and other
somewhat mastered, but
lowered letters continue to be
specialized skills with
challenging through 3rd grade, training
especially letters with
ADOLESCENCE
• The period of development
that begins at puberty and ends
at emerging adulthood.
• This stage of development has
some predictable physical
milestones.
ADOLESCENCE
• The typical age range is from
12 to 18 years old.
PHYSICAL CHANGES IN PUBERTY
• Puberty is the period of several years in which
rapid physical growth and psychological changes
occur, culminating in sexual maturity.
• Puberty typically occurs at age 10 or
11 for females and at age 11 or 12 for males.
PHYSICAL CHANGES IN PUBERTY
• Females tend to attain reproductive maturity
about four years after the first physical changes of
puberty appear.
• Males accelerate more slowly but continue to
grow for about six years after the first visible
pubertal changes.
 HORMONAL CHANGES
• Puberty involves distinctive physiological changes
in an individual.
• During this time, both the adrenal glands
and the sex glands mature—processes known as
adrenarche and gonadarche.
 HORMONAL CHANGES
Hormones play an:
• organizational role - priming the body to behave
in a certain way once puberty begins.
• activational role - triggering certain behavioral
and physical changes.
 HORMONAL CHANGES
• Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
• Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH)
• Testosterone and Sperm (Guys)
• Estrogen (Girls)
 SEXUAL MATURATION
- • Primary sex characteristics - organs
specifically needed for reproduction.
- • Secondary sex characteristics – physical
signs of sexual maturation that do not directly
involve sex organs.
 SEXUAL MATURATION
Females - development of breasts and widening
of hips.
• Experience menarche, the beginning of
menstrual periods, usually around 12–13 years
old.
 SEXUAL MATURATION
Males - development of facial hair and deepening
of the voice.
• Experience spermarche, the first ejaculation,
around 13–14 years old. Facial hair in males
typically appears around age 14.
 SEXUAL MATURATION
Both sexes experience development of pubic and
underarm hair, as well as increased development
of sweat glands
 PHYSICAL GROWTH
• "growth spurt".
• Girls, between the age of 8 and 13, and with
the most rapid growth occurring between the age
of 10 and 16.
• Boys typically start their growth spurt later than
girls.
 PHYSICAL GROWTH

• Boys, between the age of 10 and 16, with the

most rapid growth occurring between the ages of
12 and 15.
• Between the ages of 13 and 17, boys acquire
adult height.
 PHYSICAL GROWTH
• Teen boys' lean muscle mass greatly increases
due to the rising levels of male hormones, such as
testosterone.
• Square bodies become broader at the shoulders
and more tapered at the waist.
• Become more muscular and bulkier.
 PHYSICAL GROWTH
• Teen girls continue to develop muscle mass while
also adding body fat.
• Girls' percentage of body fat will increase ,relative
to muscle mass.
• Fat is deposited in her body's midsection (hips,
buttocks, and chest).
 PHYSICAL GROWTH
• Adolescent men grow to become taller than
their female counterparts.
• Adult women's average height is 5'5", while
• Adult men's average height is 5'10“
• Arms and legs also lengthen and eventually
become proportional to the rest of their body
EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
•