BERLIN C.

ALCAYDE
Teacher III
Electronic Products Assembly and
Eduardo Cojuangco Servicing (EPAS)
National Vocational
High School
Grade 9 EPAS - B Prepare to Assemble Electronics
Products

AC – DC Power Supply
Stages of Unregulated Power
Supply
 Transformer Stage
The transformer stage can
be considered the heart of
the power supply.
Stages of Unregulated Power
Supply
Transformer Stage
The main function of this
stage is to reduce the
voltage from the input
power supply into a desired
low voltage that is needed
by the circuit.
 Stages of Unregulated Power
Supply
 Transformer Stage
This stage consists of a
power transformer device
that has a primary and
secondary winding.

Symbol
Types of Step Down Transformer
1. Single Phase Step Down Transformer
Used to step down the current
ratings and input voltage, and it gives
low voltage and current output.

12V

0V

Symbol Physical view

Types of Step Down Transformer
2. Center-Tapped Step Down Transformer
This type of Step Down
Transformers will be having one primary
winding and a center split in the
secondary winding, by which it gives the
output voltage with the center pint.
12V

0V

12V

Symbol Physical view

Types of Step Down Transformer
3. Multi Tapped Step Down transformer
This type of Step Down
Transformers have multiple tapping in
Secondary coil. Multiple Tapping are
used to get the desired varied output with
secondary coils.

18V

0V
12V

0V

Symbol Physical view

Types of Step Down Transformer
Multi Tapped Step Down transformer
12V
9V
6V

4.5V

3V

0V

Symbol Physical view

Stages of Unregulated Power
Supply
Rectifier Stage
The rectifier stage is used to
convert alternating current
(AC) coming from the
transformer into direct
current DC after the rectifier
stage.
Symbol Physical View
 Types of Rectifier Circuit

1. Half Wave Rectifier

One rectifier diode D1 and one
load resistor RL are needed to
conduct one alternation in every
cycle of small AC input.
 Types of Rectifier Circuit

2. Full-Wave Center
-Tapped Rectifier
Using this type of
circuit, you’ll need a center-
tapped transformer, two
rectifier diodes and a load
resistor (RL). Each of the
diode supplies one-half the
DC load current.
 Types of Rectifier Circuit

3. Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier

Uses single output transformer, four rectifiers’
diodes labelled D1 to D4 are arranged in “series pairs”
with only two diodes conducting current during each
half cycle and a filter capacitor. Among the types of
power supply this circuit can deliver a higher current
range to the load because all of cycles are consumed
by the four diodes.
 Types of Rectifier Circuit
First Conduction
The Negative Half Cycle
Output of The negative half-cycle will be
D1 and D4
going to conduct to the cathode of
diode D4, thru the RL and going to
conduct to the cathode of diode D1. D2
and D3 are OFF.

Second Conduction
Output of
D2 and D3 The Positive Half Cycle
The positive half-cycle will be
going to conduct to the anode of diode
D2, thru the RL and going to conduct to
Output of the anode of diode D3. D1 and D4 are
Schematic Diagram of a Full Wave Bridge
D1 to D4 OFF.
Rectifier
 Stages of Unregulated Power
Supply
Filter Stage
The filtering stage is one of
the stages of the power
supply which filters the
pulsating DC. This is the
output of rectifier stage and
make it a pure DC voltage.
 Stages of Unregulated Power
Supply
Filter Stage
The main function of the
filter stage is to smoothen
the pulsating DC and to
increase the DC output
voltage.
 Stages of Unregulated Power
Supply
Filter Capacitor and Inductor

Symbol Component

Symbol
Component
 Stages of Power Supply

Filter Stage

(+)

 
 

(-)

Insufficient filtering. This can cause

 Basic Methods of Filtering

1. Simple Capacitor in Parallel

You can parallel as many electrolytic

capacitors as you want. This will increase the
amount of capacitance causing good filtering
effects to DC output. This is used for high current
applications. The only disadvantage is that it will
occupy a bigger space.
 Basic Methods of Filtering

2. Filter with RC Circuit

This circuit is actually a resistor in

series with the positive line together
with 2 bypass capacitor C1 & C2. It is
good in lowering the DC voltage
output.
 Basic Methods of Filtering

3. Filter with Inductor

This circuit has a good filtering effect to the

pulsating DC output of the rectifier. It uses minimal
value of capacitance and it is good in low current
and high current application. The only disadvantage
is that the inductor in series with the positive line
takes up big space in mounting it in the PCB.
 QUIZ
Direction: Choose5 the letter

of the correct answer and

write it on your answer sheet.
1. A converter used to convert
alternating current into direct
current.
a. Power amplifier
b. Power supply
c. Power source
d. Power feeder
 QUIZ
5
2. A stage of an unregulated
power supply used to reduce the
voltage from the input power
supply into a desired low voltage
that is needed by the circuit.
a. Transformer stage
b. Rectifier stage
c. Filter stage
d. Regulator stage
 QUIZ
5
3. A stage of an unregulated
power supply used to convert
alternating current (AC) coming
from the transformer into direct
current DC after the rectifier
stage.
a. Transformer stage
b. Rectifier stage
c. Filter stage
d. Regulator stage
 QUIZ
4. A stage of an unregulated
5

power supply used to

smoothen the pulsating DC
and to increase the DC output
voltage.
a. Transformer stage
b. Rectifier stage
c. Filter stage
d. Regulator stage
 QUIZ
5

5. Which of the term below is

not an unregulated power
supply.
a. High ripple
b. Inexpensive
c. Extremely unreliable
d. Complex power supply
 Performance Task
5

DIRECTIONS: In a long bond

paper, draw the block diagram
of an unregulated power
supply. Give the function of
each block (20 points). To be
submitted on the next
retrieval.
 Performance Task
Accuracy
50 - The output is accurately done 5
45 - Two to five errors are observed on the output
40 - Six to ten errors are observed on the output

Speed
10 - The output is done on time
8 - The output is done after the allotted time

Neatness
25 - No errors made on the output
20 - Two to three erasures made on the output
15 - Four or more erasures made on the output

Lettering/Labeling
15 - All information must be completely indicated and legibly
printed
10 - Pieces of information are legibly printed but some are
missing
 Assignment
5

1. What are the types of rectifier

circuit?
2. What are the basic method of
filtering?

Reference: Compendium of notes in grade 9

1st quarter.
Thank you!
Presented by:
Berlin C. Alcayde