BEHAVIOUR

CHANGE IN
PUBLIC HEALTH

Mary Ann Joyce V. Jacla, RN

Behaviour Change
 Outline of Presentation
 Behaviour Change
 Behaviour and public health
 Determinants of behaviour
 Stages of behaviour change
 Behaviour change process
 Enabling factors
 Channels of communication

 Myths and facts regarding behaviour change

 Conclusions
 Behaviour Change 1

List the important changes in the pictures ???

 Behaviour Change 2

Today its me,

Fully burnt Cigarette ASH because of u... Smokers Lung
Tomorrow its u,
because of me...

Quit smoking... Tar the roads...NOT your

 Behaviour Change 3
 Increased interest of behaviour change in different fields with
the hope that understanding it will improve the services offered
– Health
– Education
– Criminology
– Energy
– International development

 Behavioural change theories have gained recognition in health

for their possible effectiveness in explaining health-related
behaviours and providing insight into methods that would
encourage individuals to develop and maintain healthy lifestyles
 Behaviour Change 4

Different terms used for behaviour change

– Strategic Behavioral Communication (SBC)

– Information, Education, Communication (IEC)

– Communication for Social Change (CSC)

– Behaviour change communication (BCC)

 Behaviour Change 5

 Many theories exist for Behaviour

change, the most prevalent are  
– Learning theories

– Social Cognitive Theory

– Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned

Behaviour 
– Trans-theoretical Model 

– Health Action Process Approach

 Outline of Presentation
 Behaviour Change
 Behaviour and public health
 Determinants of behaviour
 Stages of behaviour change
 Behaviour change process
 Enabling factors
 Channels of communication

 Myths and facts regarding behaviour change

 Conclusions
 Behaviour Public Health
Fortunately, human beings have, in theory, control over their conduct
Smoking
Non communicable
Alcohol diseases such as (NCDs)
•Diabetes
•Obesity
Dietary •Hypertension,
•Cancers, etc.
Physical Activity

Sexual Activity HIV, STD, Hepatitis

Substance abuse Mental Disorders

Rash Driving Road Traffic Accidents

Health-compromising behaviors can be eliminated by self-

regulatory efforts, and by adopting health-enhancing behaviors
 Outline of Presentation
 Behaviour Change
 Behaviour and public health
 Determinants of behaviour
 Stages of behaviour change
 Behaviour change process
 Enabling factors
 Channels of communication

 Myths and facts regarding behaviour change

 Conclusions
Determinants of
health related behaviour
 Outline of Presentation
 Behaviour Change
 Behaviour and public health
 Determinants of behaviour
 Stages of behaviour change
 Behaviour change process
 Enabling factors
 Channels of communication

 Myths and facts regarding behaviour change

 Conclusions
How to change behaviour ???
Five stages of behaviour change

Stage 5 Stage 1
Maintenance Precontemplation

Stage 4 Stage 2
Action Contemplation

Stage 3
Preparation
 Stages of Behaviour change…Diabetes
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5
Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance

I don’t have I am no more I am ready to I am doing… I will continue

disease ….. Happy… I am change to do….
worried… I
am having
Diabetes

Why should • I want to LIVE... • Learn regarding • Dietary changes • Positive re-
I change ???? I will save healthy practices • Physical activity enforcement,
myself • Filter facts from • Regular Negative re-
• Prevention is Myths medicines enforcement
better then cure • Doctor calling and awarding
• Opinion leader
 Diffusion of Ideas Model
People are more likely to adopt a new behavior when
someone they respect or admire endorses the behavior:
– Opinion leaders influence an initial group
– New social norm is established
– Rest of community follows (Social conformation)

16
 Outline of Presentation
 Behaviour Change
 Behaviour and public health
 Determinants of behaviour
 Stages of behaviour change
 Behaviour change process
 Enabling factors
 Channels of communication

 Myths and facts regarding behaviour change

 Conclusions
 Behaviour Change Process
Stages of change Channels Enabling factors
continuum
 Unaware  Mass media  Effective
 Aware  Community communication
 Concerned networks and  Enabling
 Knowledgeable traditional media
environment
 Motivated to  Interpersonal/grou
p communication  User friendly
change
services and
 Trial behaviour
change
accessible
 Sustained
commodities
behaviour
change
 Outline of Presentation
 Behaviour Change
 Behaviour and public health
 Determinants of behaviour
 Stages of behaviour change
 Behaviour change process
 Enabling factors
 Channels of communication

 Myths and facts regarding behaviour change

 Conclusions
 Myths and facts about behaviour change
Myths
Crisis is a powerful
impetus for change
Change is motivated by fear
We can't change because our
brains become "hardwired"
early in life
Behaviour change methods
don’t yield adequate results
Change in behaviour is not
sustained
Facts
People go into denial of the bad things
that might happen to them
To achieve sustainable results, it takes
time.
Regular reinforcements are needed
Majority of patients don't sustain changes
in the unhealthy lifestyles that worsen their
disease
Change for better is always difficult to
make
We can continue learning complex
new things throughout our lives
Behaviour addressed should be the “felt
need” of the people targeted
Community involvement is important
for success of any change process
 Behaviour change is a continuous
process
 It involves strong community participation

 Refutes myths and corrects misunderstanding

 Social norms and public policies influence behavior

change. A strategic shift must be also be attempted
simultaneously.
 BCC often complements and supports other
prevention strategies and approaches
 Outline of Presentation
 Behaviour Change
 Behaviour and public health
 Determinants of behaviour
 Stages of behaviour change
 Behaviour change process
 Enabling factors
 Channels of communication

 Myths and facts regarding behaviour change

 Conclusions
Stepped approach to change
THANK YOU! 