Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 4 Chemistry Atomic Structure 1234567890
Chapter 4 Chemistry Atomic Structure 1234567890
Chapter 4 Chemistry Atomic Structure 1234567890
Structure
ATOMS
They may or may not react. They are stable particles. They are highly reactive.
They show no linkage. They are formed by sharing or They are formed chiefly by sharing of
transferring of electrons. electrons.
They are electrically neutral. They are electrically neutral. They are positively charged or negatively
charged.
Atom is divided into subatomic Two or more atoms combine to They can be broken into an atoms of an
particles- electrons, protons and form a molecule. elements or a group of atoms of different
neutrons. elements.
Ex- hydrogen atoms- H Ex- two atoms of hydrogen An atom of hydrogen or combination of a
combine to form a molecule of hydrogen and an oxygen atom , carrying a
hydrogen element. They are +1 and -1 charge. They are represented as
represented as (H2). H+ and H-
ATOMICITY
The term ‘Atomicity’ is defined as the number of atoms in a molecule of an element. On the basis of their
atomicity , molecules are of three types- mono atomic, di atomic, tri atomic and poly atomic.
Mono Atomic Molecule Di atomic Molecule Tri Atomic Molecule Poly Atomic Molecule
They contain only one They consist of two They consist of three They consist of more
atom i.e., their
They contain only one atom, i.e., their
They consist of two atom, i.e., their
They consist of three than
Theythree atoms
consist i.e.,
of more
atomicity
atom i.e., is 1.
their atomicity
atom, i.e.,is their
2. atomicity
atom, i.e.,istheir
3. Their atomicity
than three atomsisi.e.,
atomicity is 1. atomicity is 2. atomicity is 3. 4,5,6….
Their atomicity is
4,5,6….
Ex- Inert gases like Ex- Hydrogen- , Oxygen- Ex- Ozone- Ex- Phosphorus-
helium-He, neon- Ne
Ex- Inert gases like
helium-He, neon- Ne
VALENCY
Valency is the maximum number of univalent
atoms that may combine with an atoms of the
element or replaced by one atom of the element.
The valency of hydrogen is taken as 1 and the
valency of other elements with respect to hydrogen
is defines as the number of hydrogen atoms that
can combine with an element to form compounds
with hydrogen . Ex- Two atoms of hydrogen
combine with one atom of oxygen to form a
molecule of water (O).
DO YOU KNOW?
The outer most shell of an atom is called the valence shell and
the electrons present in valence are called valence electrons.