Rational Functions

By:
LORNA C. DINOS
Let’s review our previous
lessons!
 
Given the functions:

 
a.
 
b.
 
c.
 
d.
 
Given the functions:
= what is
 
a.
 
b.
 
c.
 
d.
 
Given the functions:

 
a.
 
b.
 
c.
 
d.
 
Given the functions:
, what is
 
a.
 
b.
 
c.
 
d.
What I Know?
Which expression is not a polynomial?
 
a.
 
b.
 
c.
 
d.
Which expression is a polynomial?
 
a.
 
b.
 
c.
 
d.
 
What is the simplified form of ?
 
a.
 
b.
 
c.
 
d.
Objectives:
At the end of the session you should be able
to:
a. represents real – life situations using
rational functions
b. distinguishes rational function, rational
Refer to the examples below. Which of them
is/are polynomials?
→
 
 
1. This is a polynomial, since all
the variables have integer
exponents that are positive
→
 
 
2. This is NOT polynomial because
a term has negative exponent
→
   
3. This is NOT polynomial because a
term has a fraction exponent.
Drills: Tell whether the following is a polynomial or
not polynomial
 
1. Polynomial
 
2. Polynomial
 
3. Not Polynomial
 
4. Not Polynomial
 
5. Polynomial
Let’s try to understand examples of Real – world application of
rational functions.
Consider this:
The local barangay received a budget of Php100,000 to
provide medical check ups for the children in the barangay.
The amount is to be allotted equally among all the children in
the barangay. Write an equation representing he relationship
of the allotted amount per child(y-variable) versus the total
number of children(x – variable)
 
Answer:
Fill up the table below using the equation we
formulated in the previous problem.

No.
Children, 10 20 50 100 200 300 500 1000
x

Allotted
amount, y
A philanthropist wants to supplement the budget
allotted for each child by providing an additional
PHP750 for each child in the barangay. If g(x)
represents this new amount allotted for each
child, construct a function representing this
relationship.
 

Answer: + 750
 
Definition: A rational function can be written in
the form . Where N(x) and D(x) are
polynomials and D(x) is not a zero polynomial.

Examples of rational functions:

 
A large pipe can empty a pool in 5 hours and a
small pipe can empty the same pool in 8 hours.
How long will it take for both pipes to empty the
pool?

Let x = number of hours for both pipes to

empty the pool.
 Part of the Part
Part of
of the
the
pool emptied Time
Time pool
pool emptied
emptied
in 1 hour or emptied (x)
emptied (x) by
by each
each pipe
pipe
the rate
Large pipe x
Large pipe
Small pipe x

Small pipe
x
 
Equation:

 
1 1
𝑥+ 𝑥=1 Multiply both side by the
5 8
LCD which is 40.
 
8 𝑥+5 𝑥=40
 
or 3
 
 
13 x =40
Therefore, the pool will be emptied in 3 hours when both
pipes are open.
 Rational Function, Equations, and Inequalities
 
Definitions: 1. A rational expression can be
written in the form where A and B are polynomials
and B
 

Examples: , and
2. A rational equation is an equation that
contains one or more rational expressions.
 
Examples:
 
3. A rational function is a function of the form
where P(x) and q(x) are polynomials, and q(x) is
not zero function.
 

Examples:
 
4. A rational inequality is composed of rational
expressions combined with a
 
Examples:
Drills: Determine whether the given is a rational
function, rational equation, rational inequality or
none of these.
 
1. None of  
5.
these
 
2. Rational Rational Function
 
equation  
3. None of these 6.
 
4. Rational Rational Expression
Inequality
 That’s all class for today. Thank you for
listening and participating. See you again
next week!
God Bless!