Ideal Gas Equation

Ariston and Caranza

11 - Fermat
 Recap!
•  
 Gay-Lussac’s Law
 =
An ideal gas occupying a 2.0 L flask at 760 torr is allowed to
expand to a volume of 6,000 mL. Calculate the final pressure.

P. 0.33 atm
V. 0.34 atm 30.0
T. 0.35 atm 0s
R. 0.32 atm
A sample of gas has an initial pressure of 2.44 atm and an initial
volume of 4.01 L. Its pressure changes to 1.93 atm. What is the new
volume if temperature and amount are kept constant?

P. 5.06 L
30.0
V. 5.07 L
T. 5.08 L 0s
R. 5.09 L
A sample of gas occupies 3 L at 300 K. What
volume will it occupy at 200 K?

e. 4 L
c. 3 L 30.0
n. 2 L
a. 1 L
0s
A sample of oxygen occupies a volume of 1.6 L at 91°C. What will
be the temperature when the volume of oxygen is reduced to 1.2 L?

P. 270 K
30.0
V. 271 K
T. 272 K 0s
R. 273 K
An ideal gas is contained in a 2.5L container at a pressure of 4.0atm.
The container is at a temperature of 25 ∘C. What will be the final
pressure if the temperature is increased to 50 ∘C?

P. 4.1 atm
V. 4.2 atm 30.0
T. 4.3 atm 0s
R. 4.4 atm
PVnRT
PV = nRT
 Ideal Gas Law
 The volume (V) occupied by n moles of any
gas has a pressure (P) at temperature (T) in
Kelvin.
 An ideal gas exhibits no attractive forces
between particles.
 In the ideal gas equation, both pressure and
volume are directly proportional to
temperature.
 The Gas Constant R
• 
R= =
 = 0.08205 L atm / (mol·K)
•  When SI units are desirable, P =
101325 N/m2 (Pa for pascal)
instead of 1 atm. The volume is
0.0224 m3. The numerical value and
units for R is;
R =
 = 8.314 J / (mol·K)
 Standard Temperature and
Pressure
 Standard temperature: 0°C = 273.15 K
 Standard pressure: 1 atmosphere = 760 mmHg
= 101.3 kPa
 Standard volume of 1 mole of an ideal gas at
STP: 22.4 liters
Example:
5.0 g of neon is at 256 mm Hg and at a
temperature of 35º C. What is the volume?
o Step 1: Write down your given information:
o P = 256 mmHg
oV=?
o m = 5.0 g
o R = 0.08205 L atm / (mol·K)
o T = 35º C
•o  Step 2: Convert as necessary:
o Pressure:
256mmHg×(1atm/760mmHg)=0.3368atm
o Moles: 5.0gNe×(1mol/20.1797g)=0.25molNe
o Temperature: 35ºC+273=308K

o Step 3: Substitute:
oV= =
o V = 18.76 L
Example:
What is a gas’s temperature in Celsius when it has a
volume of 25 L and 203 moles at a pressure of 143.5
atm?

o Step 1: Write down your given information:

o P = 143.5 atm
o V = 25 L
o n = 203 mol
o R = 0.08205 L atm / (mol·K)
oT=?
•o  Step 2: Convert as necessary:
o Skip because all units are the appropriate units.

o Step 3: Substitute:
oT= =
o V = 215.39 K
Try to Answer!
 What will be the pressure (in atm) of a 30 L
container when its 52g of solid nitrogen
becomes gas at 18º C?

 Find the volume, in L, when 7.00 g of O2 and

1.50 g of Cl2 are mixed in a container with a
pressure of 482 atm and at a temperature of
22º C.