GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT
ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
SEMESTER :- 2
TOPIC :- ILLUMINATION SCHEME FOR DOMESTIC, INDUSTRIAL
AND COMMERCIAL PREMISES.
CONTENTS :-
• INTRODUCTION
• IMPORTANTS TERMS
• DESIGN FOR INDOOR LIGHTINING SCHEME
• ILLUMINATION FOR DOMESTIC PREMISES
• POWER DISTRIBUTION SCHEME OF HOUSE WIRING
• DESIGN CONSIDERATION OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
INTRODUCTION :-
• Light is the prime factor in the human life as all the activity of the
human being ultimately depend upon the light. Where there is no
natural light, use no artificial light is made.

• Apart from its aesthetic and decorative aspects, good lightning has a
strictly utilitarian value in increasing production, reducing worker’s
fatigue, protecting there health, and nervous system, and reducing
accidents. The science of illumination engineering therefore,
becoming of major importance.
ILLUMINATION:-
• Illumination is the deliberate use of the light to achieve a practical or
aesthetic effect. Lightning includes the use of both artificial light
source like a lamp and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by
capturing daylight.
SOME BASIC TERM OF
ILLUMINATION :-
(1) Luminous Flux :- It is defined as the total quantity of light energy
emitted per second from a luminous body. It is measured in lumens.

(2) Luminous Intensity :- Luminous intensity is the light flux of a lamp or

light bulb emitted in a specific direction.

(3) Illumination(E):- Illumination is divided by the light flux of a lamp

into lumen, where one lux is as illumination of one lumen per
square metre.
DESIGN OF INDOOR LIGTNING
SCHMES :-
• Adequate illumination.
• Uniform light distribution all over the working place.
• Light of suitable colour.
• Minimum hard shadow and glare.
ILLUMINATION FOR DOMESTIC
PREMISE :-
• Proper light can enhance task performance, improve the apperence of
an area, or have positive psychological effects on the occupants.
• Domestic loads are mainly consists of houses, residential
buildings etc.
• The procedure carrying out in the electrification of
residential buildings is similar to the electrification of the
commercial buildings, only the load capacity differs.
• In case of a house, two wire phase supply is sufficient as the
amount of load is less which can be entirely put on these
supply lines.
• The energy meter in case of the residential installation is
single phase.
POWER DISTRIBUTION SCHEME OF
HOUSE WIRING :-
DESIGN CONSIDERATION OF ELECTRICAL
INSTALLATION SYSTEM FOR DOMESTIC BUILDINGS :-

• Proper planning of electrical installation is very must.

• Before going for electrical installation of domestic building,
concern person should have complete idea of load.
• Since each of the domestic buildings has different load
requirement, different illumination scheme should be
adopted.
LOAD CALCULATION FOR SERVICE
CONNECTION :-
1. Bulb point : 60W
2. Fluorescent tube : 60W
3. Ceiling fan : 60W
4. Exhaust fan : 100W
5. Socket outlet(5A) : 100W
6. Socket outlet(15A) : 1000W

• Total load on one phase in amperes = total watt on that phase / 230
• Acc. To this load, the size of incoming cable should be taken
ILLUMINATION FOR INDUSTRIAL
PREMISIS :-
• Adequate lightning of factories is of vital importance, as it provide
improved amenities to the employees, increased production and has
a definite economic value in reducing accidents with their consequent
loss of time and compensation payments.
GENERAL REQUIRMENTS AND TYPES OF INSTALLATIONS :-
• Factory lighting should provide adequate illumination on the working
plane and give a good distribution of light, employ simple and easily
cleaned and fittings and avoid glare. It is essential not only to avoid a
glare from the lamp itself but reflect glare from any polished surface,
which may be within the line of vision.
GENERAL LIGHTING :-
• The usual scheme is to mount a no. of lamps and a sufficient height so
that uniform distribution light over the working plane is obtained. In
large machine shops, the height is governed by the necessity of
keeping the lamp above the travelling a crane. In such cases, it is
obtain desirable to supplement the main lighting by side lighting in
order to give addition illumination on a vertical plane. Since light
coloured walls and ceiling add to the effectiveness of an installation,
therefore, it is necessary to get white washing or painting done.
LOCAL LIGHTING :-
• On some points, fairly intense illumination is required. For this
purpose, local lighting can be provided by means of adjustable fitting
attached to the machine. Such lamp should be mountain in deep
reflector so that glare is avoided. Local lighting should never alone,
good general lighting is essential so that the dark places between the
local lighting units are avoided. Dark place between local lighting units
cause fatigue to the eyes, on account on its continually having to
adjust itself to new conditions.
EMERGENCY LIGHTING :-
• Some lights such as for :-
1. Internal pilot lighting required for safe and speedy evacuation of
personnel after main lighting circuit is off.
2. External pilot lighting, provide with a careful shades leading to
shelter require for evacuation personnel.
3. For control posts, first aid centres, etc.
THANK YOU…