STRESS

banana
 STRESS

banana
STRESS goes under many
names:

“stress”
“emphasis”
“accent”
 STRESS

• loudness
• pitch (frequency)
• length
• vowel quality
 STRESS

IE
BE
AE
Strong and weak vowels
 Strong and weak vowels
strong weak
vowels vowels
KIT
all and FOOT
vowels except
are also strong SCHWA
when stressed
KIT
FOOT
 STRESS
• “Icelandic” English:
strong vowels only (= no schwa)
stress on first syllable only
• British and American English:
both strong and weak vowels
variable stress
 STRESS
banana Banbury
reverse redolent
accuse accurate
photography photograph
correct corridor
particular particle
arrange arrogant
banana Banbury

reverse redolent

accuse accurate

photography photograph
correct corridor

particular particle

arrange arrogant
stressed syllables unstressed
syllables

all vowels except mainly:

SCHWA
KIT
FOOT
(all other vowels
can occur....)
 unstressed syllables
mainly:
SCHWA
KIT
FOOT
(all other vowels
can occur....)
In any single word, which of these
possibilities occurs?
 Compare:

arrive arrow

obey opera

return
re-play

believe

today two days

decide to know
wanted you know

kisses accurate

attack occur purpose

decide to know
wanted you know

kisses accurate

attack occur purpose

 Tensing of KIT

happy

FLEECE
KIT
TENSED KIT
 Tensing of KIT
• Finally
happy
copy
• Before vowels
react
preoccupied
hurrying
 Tensing of FOOT

to ask

GOOSE
FOOT
TENSED FOOT
 Tensing of FOOT

• Before vowels
intuition
to ask
you always ask
Tensing of KIT and FOOT

See “Neutralization” in LPD

 syllabic consonants
• button
• pattern
• bottle
• table
Click for another Bush story (with a phonetic
twist...)