Outline - is a helpful tool for organizing your

work.
- it shows the logical arrangement
of ideas to be included in the essay.
Two things to remember:
Outline format Principles
TWO TYPES OF FORMAT
A. Traditional A. Parallelism
B. Standard B. Coordination
A. Traditional – uses Roman numerals,
C. Subordination
letters, and numbers D. Division
B. Standard – uses numbers
 TRADITIONAL FORMAT STANDARD FORMAT
Title of Work: Units of a Research Title of Work: Units of a Research
University University

I. College of Medicine 1.0 College of Medicine

A. Community Medicine 1.1 Community Medicine
B. Pathology 1.2 Pathology

II. College of Engineering 2.0 College of Engineering

A. Industrial Engineering 2.1 Industrial Engineering
B. Chemical Engineering 2.2 Chemical Engineering
C. Mechanical Engineering 2.3 Mechanical Engineering

III. School of Fine Arts 3.0 School of Fine Arts

A. Painting 3.1 Painting
B. Sculpture 3.2 Sculpture

IV. College of Liberal Arts 4.0 College of Liberal Arts

A. Political Sciences 4.1 Political Sciences
B. History 4.2 History
C. Literature 4.3 Literature
PRINCIPLES
1. Parallelism – entries should observe the same
language structure (ex. Words, phrases, sentences).

2. Coordination – entries should observe levels of

importance.

3. Subordination – entries should observe differences of

importance (which ideas should be classified as minor or
major ideas?)

4. Division – entries should at least be two to be sure

that supporting points of a major idea are adequate.
Steps for planning an essay:
1. Determining the topic, purpose, role, and audience for
the work.
a. What am I writing about? How long will the piece
be?
b. Why am I doing this piece? Is it to inform?
Persuade? Or argue a position?
c. Who am I writing this for? Is there a specific type
of knowledge my readers need to understand the
piece?
d. What role am I taking in writing this piece? As an
expert? A friend? A member of the community?
Steps for planning an essay:

2. Expanding subtopics. This requires

determining the scope of the work.
3. Collecting sources and making notes.
4. Brainstorming, forming the thesis
statement, and outlining.
5. Drafting.
6. Peer evaluation and revision.
TASK 1
Given the different entries and thesis statement, write a
five-point outline for the text that follows. Observe the
standard format.

Due to the mounting issues and controversies concerning global warming

and its damage to worldwide climate, engineering for new ideas and
innovations have been forwarded to address the growing phenomenon and
the imminent threat of global destruction.
TASK 2

You were tasked to discuss the ways your school can help
address environmental problems by writing an essay
about segregating waste, saving resources through
recycling, and avoiding using harmful materials. The
essay should be atleast 1,000 words.