SEXUAL

SELF
Understanding the Self
NGEC 1
Reporters:
– John Angelo R. Aguila
– Joshua Tagala
– Joshua James P. Bandoy
– Niko Prado Peña
– Paul Manalo
Perspective of Human Sexuality

– Sexual Selfhood
defined as how one thinks of
himself or herself as a sexual
individual.
 Perspective of Human Sexuality

BIOLOGICAL
Brain is the reason in forming sexual behavior. By the
process of reproduction, human beings are created.
There are changes in both primary and secondary sexual
changes at the start of the puberty.
Perspective of Human Sexuality

BIOLOGICAL
PRIMARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS
CHANGES IN THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN
MALE FEMALE
Testes Ovaries
Penis Fallopian Tube
Scrotum Uterus
Seminal vesicles and prostate glands Vagina
 Perspective of Human Sexuality

BIOLOGICAL
SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS
PHYSICAL CHANGES THAT DISTINGUISH MALE FROM FEMALE
MALE FEMALE
Voice becomes much lower Breast enlarge
Hair growth on chest, face, underarms, arms, legs Hair growth under arms and pubic area
and pubic area
Increase in muscle size Hip widens
Skin becomes oily an pores enlarge Skin becomes oily and pores enlarge
Perspective of Human Sexuality

BIOLOGICAL
On the 16th to 18th weeks of pregnancy, gender of the baby can be physically noted,
and this baby will be developed when intercourse happen and fertilization takes place.

CHROMOSOMES -Thread like structures in the nucleus

GENES – composed the chromosomes and basic unit of heredity

AUTOSOMES – The first 22 pairs from 23 pairs (46) of chromosomes

 Perspective of Human Sexuality

Chromosomal Linkage:

XX
chromosomes combination products of female

XY
combination of male
 Perspective of Human Sexuality

SOCIOBIOLOGICAL/EVOLUTIONARY

SOCIOBIOLOGICAL THEORY – Process that organism are best suited to environment are most
likely to survive is called NATURAL SELECTION
…. THERE is so called survival of the fittest.
Traits will passed on if it will lead to reproductive advantage. Beauty is evolutionary
standard. It is more on genetic survival in female with big breast or male with broad shoulders.
The goal of evolutionary perspective is survival . Relationship that the foundation is only
physical attraction will not last because what is really important is love, care and responsibility.
Biological Perspective

Male and Female

Erogenous Zones
Erogenous Zones - a sensitive area on the body
that causes sexual arousal when it is touched.
Perspective of Human Sexuality

PSYCHOLOGICAL
Sexuality involves emotion, thoughts and belief.
SIGMUND FREUD explained sexuality through SEX INSTINCT
or LIBIDO (pleasure) and DEATH or AGGRESSIVE INSTINCT
(Harm toward oneself or to others) and human is geared to
satisfy these. EROGENOUS ZONES are the areas of
pleasure.
Perspective of Human Sexuality

PSYCHOLOGICAL
Psychosexual Stages of Development of SIGMUND FREUD

Stage: ORAL
Age range: BIRTH TO 1 YEAR
Erogenous Zone: MOUTH
FIXATION: Drinking, Eating, Smoking, Nail Biting
 Perspective of Human Sexuality

PSYCHOLOGICAL
Psychosexual Stages of Development of SIGMUND FREUD

Stage: ANAL
Age range: 1 YEAR TO 3 YEARS
Erogenous Zone: BOWEL MOVEMENTS
FIXATION: ANAL EXPULSIVE OR
ANAL RETENTIVE PERSONALITY
 Perspective of Human Sexuality

PSYCHOLOGICAL
Psychosexual Stages of Development of SIGMUND FREUD

Stage: PHALLIC
Age range: 3 TO 6 YEARS
Erogenous Zone: GENITAL
FIXATION: PENIS ENVY OR WOMB ENVY
 Perspective of Human Sexuality

PSYCHOLOGICAL
Psychosexual Stages of Development of SIGMUND FREUD

Stage: LATENT
Age range: 6 TO PUBERTY
Erogenous Zone: SOCIAL ACTIVITIES
FIXATION: IMMATURITY AND INABILITY TO FORM
ADULT RELATIONSHIPS
 Perspective of Human Sexuality

PSYCHOLOGICAL
Psychosexual Stages of Development of SIGMUND FREUD

Stage: GENITAL
Age range: PUBERTY TO DEATH
Erogenous Zone: MATURING SEXUAL INTEREST
FIXATION: NONE
Perspective of Human Sexuality

PSYCHOLOGICAL

PERSONALITY IS COMPOSED OF THREE STRUCTURES:

ID – PLEASURE PRINCIPLE
EGO- REALITY/ANALYTIC PRINCIPLE
SUPEREGO – MORALITY PRINCIPLE
 Perspective of Human Sexuality
RELIGIOUS

JUDAISM – Have a good view and promotes marital sex and consider as blessed by God.
ISLAM – Family is regard as outermost value and celibacy is prohibited. Muslim men can
have four wives and prohibit extramarital sex.
TAOSIM – Sex is sacred union that is necessary in people. Sexual union medium to balance the
male and female energy.
HINDUISM- Sexuality is seen as spiritual force and lovemaking means celebrating and
transcending physical.
ROMAN CATHOLIC (EVANGILUM VITAE) – Procreation is the essence of marriage. Homosexual
acts are sinful and immoral. They withstand with abortion and birth control but agree to family
planning
 SEXUAL TERMINOLOGIES
SEX- latin word “Secare”- to divide
SEXUALITY – to Unite
SEXUAL AROUSAL - a new phenomenon on adolescence and aspect of adolescent development
ADOLESCENCE –Point of sexual exploration and experimentation.
SEXUAL IDENTITY- involves sexual orientation, managing sexual feelings, and sexual behavior.
GENDER – attribute of people as males or females, boy or girl, man or woman.
GENDER ROLE – How females and males should think, act and feel.
SEX AND SEXUAL – Biological indicators of male and female
 SEXUAL TERMINOLOGIES
GENDER ASSIGNMENT – Foremost assignment as male and female since birth.
GENDER REASSIGNMENT - Official and legal change of gender.
GENDER IDENTITY – Individual’s identification as male and female or other category.
MASCULINE – Qualities and behaviors associated with men in one’s culture.
FEMININE - Qualities and behaviors associated with women in one’s culture.
ANDROGYNY – Both feminine and masculine
ASEXUALS – Person that doesn’t experience sexual drives to any sex.
HYPERSEXUAL- Person with extreme interest in sex.
The Chemistry of Lust, Love and Attachment

ATTRACTION

THE ATTRIBUTES THAT CAUSES PLEASURE BY APPEALING TO A PERSON'S

DESIRES. SOCIETY TRULY VALUE PHYSICAL BEAUTY, A RESEARCH SHOWS
THAT EVEN INFANT SHOW PREFERENCE FOR BEAUTIFUL FACES. CRITERIA OF
BEAUTY ARE SUBJECTIVE AND DIVERSE IN DIFFERENT CULTURES. ALSO, IT'S
UNIVERSAL HALLMARKS INCLUDE CHARACTERISTICS OF SYMMETRY,
AVERAGENESS AND OTHER FACTORS.
 LOVE: EMOTIONS OR DRIVE?

WHEN TWO INDIVIDUALS FALL IN LOVE WITH EACH OTHER,

RELATIONSHIPS BEGIN, ROBERT PALMER COMPARES LOVE WITH AN
ADDICTION. A STUDY SHOWS THAT REGIONS IN THE BRAIN WERE
ACTIVATED WHEN PEOPLE LOOK AT THE PICTURE OF THEIR BELOVED.
RATHER THAN EMOTION, "BEING IN LOVE" CAN BE A MOTIVATION.

EARLY PASSIONATE LOVE IS NOT AN EMOTION BUT RATHER

"MOTIVATION" OR GOAL ORIENTED STATE THAT LEAD TO EUPHORIA
OR ANXIETY, IT'S FOCUS ON SINGLE REWARD BUT NOT ASSOCIATED
WITH ANY SPECIFIC FACIAL EXPRESSION. THE EMOTIONS MAY COME
AND GO BUT MOTIVATION REMAINS.
 LOVE: EMOTIONS OR DRIVE?

1. LUST STAGE - A wild with desire stage. It is dominated by the sex hormones testosterone and
estrogen. Testosterone pumps in both men and women pushing sex drive, attraction and mating
tendencies.
2. ATTRACTION STAGE -couples are heady in love and are overcome with their feelings. Typically
people can’t think of anything else—forgetting to eat and sleep. High Dopamine and
Norepinephrine; Low serotonin are the hormones and neural pathways involved.
3. ATTACHMENT STAGE – it’s a long term bond that creates security, comfort and emotional union
between partners. Oxytocin and Vasopressin are the hormones and neural pathways involved.

LOVE CAN ALSO BE THE CONCERN FOR OTHER’S WELL-BEING, A DESIRE FOR PHYSICAL PRESENCE
AND EMOTIONAL SUPPORT
The Six Styles Of Love (John Alan Lee)
a. EROS - This style is typically experienced as a romantic, fairytale-type love. Physical beauty is
important to this love style. Attraction is intense and immediate (“head over heels”), and the Eros
lover feels an urgent drive to deepen the relationship emotionally and physically.
b. AGAPE – Selfless love that doesn’t expecting love in return, they value partner more than
themselves.
c. STORGE – Love related friendship, perceive love as slow process and don’t suddenly fall in love.
d. LODUS – Love is just a game, fun or entertainment, they don’t value relationship.
e. MANIA – Obsessive and possessive love due to intense feeling.
f. PRAGMA - Practicality rules for this type. Logic is used to determine compatibility and future
prospects.
THE TRIANGULAR THEORY OF LOVE –ROBERT STENBERG

INTIMACY – Desire to give and receive emotional closeness, support, caring

and sharing
PASSION – Hot component of love that can be deep romantic or sexual desire
for other person. It is accompanied by physical attraction and physiological
arousal.
COMMITMENT – Cold component of love, the choice to continue relationship
in good or in bad times.
 Types of Love based on Triangular Theory
LIKING (INTIMACY) – emotional intimacy, no intention for long lasting commitment-friendly relationship.
INFATUATION (PASSION) – “Love at first sight”, high degree of physiological arousal and its passion w/o intimacy or
commitment.
EMPTY LOVE (COMMITMENT) –couples continue relationship due to their child or other important reasons or the
commitment.
ROMANTIC LOVE (PASSION AND INTIMACY) - can be present during first phase of relationship. This involves emotional
intensity and sexual excitement.
COMPANIONATE LOVE (INTIMACY AND COMMITMENT) - love is an intimate, but non-passionate sort of love. It is
stronger than friendship, because there is a long-term commitment, but there is minimal or no sexual desire.
FATUOUS LOVE (PASSION AND COMMITMENT) – usually happened when couple get married in a short period of
courtship.
CONSUMMATE LOVE (PASSION, INTIMACY AND COMMITMENT) – Ideal for a relationship because there is a balance in
the three component.
 CHEMISTRY OF LOVE
PEOPLE FALL IN LOVE DUE TO THE PART OF THE BRAIN FROM BIOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE. AREAS IN THE BRAIN ON POSITIVE EMOTION INCREASES AND
NEGATIVE EMOTION DECREASED.

HORMONES THAT AFFECT BONDING ARE OXYTOCIN (FOR UTERINE

CONTRACTION, LOVE, AND BONDING FUNCTIONS) AND VASOPRESSIN FOR
WATER LEVELS IN THE BODY, BONDING AND PARENTING BEHAVIOR
 CHEMISTRY OF LOVE
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES WHY PEOPLE FALL IN LOVE

BEHAVIORAL REINFORCEMENT THEORY- when a person received a reward and felt gratified, the
behavior will be repeated.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AROUSAL THEORY – when body experience physiological change, people assign
emotion to that sensation.
EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES – Love happens when its someone sociobiological needs.
CHEMISTRY OF LOVE
FACTORS THAT WOULD DETERMINE WITH WHOM
PEOPLE FALL IN LOVE:

1. Physical attractiveness
2. Reciprocity
3. Proximity
4. Similarities
 CHEMISTRY OF LOVE
CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE THAT INFLUENCE THE EXPEREINCE
OF LOVE
DOPAMINE(DA) & NOREPINEPHRINE (NE) – it affects the
mood, motivation and excitement, DA level can lead to
exhilaration, anxiety and many more due to drug use.
SEROTONIN – associated with mood, obsession, sex and
sleep. It decrease during infatuation that causes obsession.
PHENYLETHYLAMINE (PEA) – “LOVE DRUG”, a
neurochemical that can increase the levels of DA and Ne,
breakup causes PEA to low. Chocolates has high PEA that’s
why it elevates level of “love drug”.
OXYTOCIN and VASOPRESSIN – Neuropeptides
from Pituitary glands. Oxytocin is important in
childbirth, trust ,empathy , pair bonding and
accessibility. Orgasm increases the level of
oxytocin. Vasopressin is important in the pair
bonding and social behavior.
ENDORPHINS – ENDOGENOUS MORPHINE – it is
the body’s natural opiates like Morphine or Heroin.
Endorphin increase after infatuation ends. It
involves the feeling of security, euphoria and
peace.
 Phases of Sexual Response
HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE BY MASTERS AND JOHNSON

EXCITEMENT – first physical response to sexual arousal.

PLATEAU – The point of sexual excitement after the orgasm
ORGASM – refers to the waves of intense pleasure associated with
vaginal contractions and ejaculations.
RESOLUTION- the body return to non excited state.
DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

– DOLESCENCE POINT OF INCREASED SEXUAL

BEHAVIOR THAT MAY LEAD TO POOR SOCIAL
JUDGMENTS.
– ACTIVITIES THAT INDUCES SEXUAL AROUSAL. BUT
NOT ALL SEXUAL AROUSAL COULD LEAD TO
SEXUAL ACTIVITY.
DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
SEXUAL STIMULI
INCREASES WHEN PEOPLE EXPOSED TO ADVERTISEMENTS WITH SEXUAL THEMES. BUT, IT SHOULD BE
REGULATED AND ACT THE PROPER BEHAVIOUR. IT INCLUDES:
SOCIOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR - INVOLVES MORE THAN ONE PERSON AND EXPRESSED TROUGH HETEROSEXUAL AND
HOMOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR.
SOLITARY BEHAVIOR - INVOLVES ONLY ONE INDIVIDUAL BY MEANS OF MASTURBATION. CHILDREN MAY
MASTURBATE AT YOUNG AGE UNTIL IT WILL BE REPRESSED. IT RELIEVES STRESS AND LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE.
EROTIC DREAMS INVOLUNTARY IMAGES WHEN SLEEPING THAT CAN CAUSE VAGINAL LUBRICATION AND
ORGASM AND IN MALES ARE NOCTURNAL EMISSION OR WET DREAMS. THE LESS A MAN MASTURBATES, MORE
WET DREAMS OCCUR.
DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
SEXUAL BEHAVIORS ARE ALWAYS CONSIDER WRONG IN THE MAJORITY OF
SOCIETIES. IT CAN CAUSE SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AND LEAD
TO ENGAGING ON RISKY ACTIVITIES.

SEXUAL ORIENTATION –One’s inclination regarding sexual behavior

and emotional attachment to one or both sexes. It is preferred
over sexual preferences means deliberate choice of sexual partner.
 DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL
BEHAVIOR
TYPES OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION
PANSEXUAL – Greek PAN mean ALL or EVERY.
Also GENDER BLIND. ATTRACTED TO PEOPLE
HOMOSEXUALS – SEXUAL ORIENTATION IS REGARDLESS OF SEX
ANOTHER SAME SEX
- GAY -LESBIAN TRANSGENDER – INDIVIDUAL WHO
TRANSIENTLY IDENTIFY WITH A GENDER
HETEROSEXUAL – SEXUAL ORIENTATION TOWARD
DIFFERENT FROM THER NATAL GENDER.
OPPOSITE SEX
TRANSEXUALS ARE PEOPLE THAT UNDERGONE
BISEXUAL – PERSON MAY BE SEXUALLY ATTRACTED SOCIAL TRANSITION, PEOPLE SUFFERS FROM
TO BOTH MEN AND WOMEN GENDER DYSPORIA FO THERE DISTRESS
BETWEEN ONE’S EXPRESSED AND ASSIGNED
GENDER.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
HIV/AIDS- HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS OR ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME.
HIV CAN DESTROY AND ATTACK CD4(TCELLS) THAT DEFENSES TUBERCOLOSIS AND PNEUMONIA AND
CANCER. IT CAL LEAD TO AIDS IF NOT TREATED PROPERLY. ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) ARE
USED TO PREVENT HIV FROM REPLICATING BUT IT'S NOT A CURE.

GENITAL HERPES –CAUSED BY LARGE FAMILY OF VIRUSES THAT ALSO THE CAUSE OF CHICKEN POX.
GENITAL WARTS - IT IS CAUSED BY HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS. MOST DOMINANT IN UNITED STATES
FROM 15-24 AGE GROUP.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
GONORRHEA – CAUSED BY BACTERIUM NEISSERIA GONORROHEAE. It is an infection caused by a
sexually transmitted bacterium that infects both males and females. Gonorrhea most often affects the
urethra, rectum or throat. In females, gonorrhea can also infect the cervix. Gonorrhea is most
commonly spread during vaginal, oral or anal sex.
SYPHILIS – CAUSED BY TREPONEMA PALIIDUM. It can be developed in Primary (Chancre sores)
Secondary (General skin rashers occur), Latent (can last a years) and Tertiary ( can cause death and
numerous Illnesses.
CHLAMYDIA (CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS) – Spread through sexual contacts and infects organs.
Females with this infection are asymptomatic.
METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
(ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL)
HORMONAL METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION

ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES (PILLS)- CONTAIN ESTROGEN AND PROGESTOGEN OR PROGESTIN.

THE PATCH- SMALL PATCH THAT WIL STICK ON SKIN AN RELEASES ESTROGEN AND PROGESTOGEN.
THE RING- IT IS A TINY PLASTIC RING THT WOMAN INSERTS TO THEIR VAGINA THAT STOPS OVULATION.
IMPLANT – IT RELEASES HORMONE PROGESTOGEN BUT IT IS A SMALL FLEXIBLE ROD PLACE UNDER THE
SKIN BY PROFESSIONALS.
INJECTIBLE – INJECTION WITH LONG REVERSIBLE CONTRACEPTION
 METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
(ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL)
BARRIER METHODS

DIAPHRAGM – IT IS USED TO COVER THE CERVIC AND IT’S MADE FROM LATEX AND USED WITH
SPERMICIDE.
CERVICAL CAPS – MADE OF SILICONE AND ITS USED TO COVER THE CERVIC LIKE DIAPHRAGM.
MALE AND FEMALE CONDOM OR SPERMICIDE – MALE CONDOM IS THIN LATEX PUT OVER THE
PENIS. FEMALE CONDOM IS MADE OF POLYURETHANE THAT LOOSELY LINES VAGINA AND STOP
SPERM FROM ENTERING.
 METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
(ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL)
BEHAVIORAL METHODS

RHYTHM OR CALENDAR METHOD – NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING OR FERTILIRY AWARENESS. IT’S A

WAY OF IDENTIFIYING MOST FERTILE AND INFERTILE TIMES OF A WOMAN.
ABSTINENCE OR CELIBACY –AVOID SEXUAL INTERCOURSE.
OUTERCOURSE – DOES NOT INCLUDE THE INSERTION OF PENIS TO VAGINA.
WITHDRAWAL – LATIN “COITUS INTERRUPTUS” WHEN A MAN REMOVES HIS PENIS AND
EJACULATES OUTSIDE THE BODY OF WOMAN.
 METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
(ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL)
STERILIZATION

TUBAL LIGATION/STERILIZATION - THE FALLOPIAN TUBES ARE TIED TO PREVENT EGG TO TRAVEL TO THE
UTERUS.

VASECTOMY – THE VAS DEFERENS WAS BLOCKED THROUGH AN OPERATION.

INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (IUD) –SMALL DEVICE THAT PLACED TO THE UTERUS.
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION (EC) –PROTECTS AGAINST PREGNANCY AFTER UNPROTECTED SEX
OCCURRED.
THANK YOU