3th Grade

Bilingualism
and
Multilingualism
Sociolinguistics
Alfi laili 19120002
Alfi Nur Khafidhoh
19120003
Alvi Nur Izati 19120004
 01
Bilingualism
According to webster’s dictionary (1961) Bilingual is
defined as ‘having or using two languages
especially as spoken with the fluency
characteristic of a native speaker; a person using
two languages especially habitually and with
control like that of a native speaker’ and
bilingualism as ‘the constant oral use of two
languages’.
How do people become bilingual?
People may become bilingual either by
acquiring two languages at the same time in
childhood or by learning a second language
sometime after acquiring their first language.
Many bilingual people grow up speaking two
language.
 3 TYPES OF BILINGUALS
Coordinate Bilingualism
01 In this type the individual learns the languages separately, in
separate environments, and maintains this separation after
mastering both.

Compound Bilingualism
02 The individual learns the languages in the same environment and
context and they are often used concurrently or even
interchangeably.

Sub - Coordinate Bilingualism

03 Learn the secondary language by filtering through
the mother tongue.
Benefit of Multilingualism
1. Development of skills collaboration and
coorperation
2. Appreciation of other cultures and languages
3. Cognitive Advantages
4. Increased Job Opportunities
5. Expanded travel experiences
6. Lower high school drop out rates
7. Higher interest in attending colleges and
universities
 02
Multilingualis
m
the ability of an individual speaker or a community
of speakers to communicate effectively in three or
more languages.
CHARACTERISTIC MULTINGUALISM
Multilingual not necessarily have
native like competence in all
languages.

Develop competence in each code

to the extent that they need it and
for the context in which each of the
languages is used.
REASONS OF MULTILINGUALISM

Colonialism or
Annexation
Cultural Contact

Migration
 Benefit of Multilingualism

Sharpens Enhances decision- Improves the

the mind making first language

Increases Enhances the Improves

networking skills ability to multitask memory
THANKS!
Do you have any questions?