USE OF ICT FOR THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF KP BYE-
LAWS
 2

TEAM MEMBERS
SUPERVISER:
1. Owais Javed
Dr. Mohammad Adil

2. Ayesha Javed
CO- SUPERVISER:
3. Yasir Ali Engr. Irfan Ahmad Khan
 3

ِ ‫َوأ َ ْن ل َيْ َسلِل ْ ِإن ْ َس‬

‫ان ِإَلاّـ َّ َما َس َع ٰى‬
And that man shall have nothing but
what he strives for.
(Sūratun Najm, No.53, Āyat 39)
 4

TABLE OF CONTENT
▫ Introduction
▫ Problem Statement
▫ Objectives
▫ Literature Review
▫ Methodology
▫ Result and Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Let’s start with the introduction to our project
 6

BIM (Building Information Modeling)

It is a process involving the generation and management
of digital representations of physical and functional
characteristics of places.

Building Information models are files, that can be extracted,

exchanged and connected to make reliable decisions
regarding a building’ from construction to alterations or
demolition.
 7

Why BIM?
 8

BUILDING BYELAWS
The rules and regulations framed by town planning authorities covering
the requirements of building, ensuring safety of the public through open
spaces, minimum size of rooms, height and area limitation are known as
building bye-laws.

Such rules should be formulated to get disciplined growth of buildings

and systematic planned development of towns and cities.
 9

BUILDING BYELAWS IN PESHAWAR

Regulatory authorities such as PDA (Peshawar Development

Authority) , Cantonment Board and other local bodies such
as TMA (Town Municipal Administration) are responsible
for regulating the building activities in Peshawar.
 10
SUSTAINABILITY IN
IMPLEMENTATION OF
BUILDING BYELAWS
▫ Sustainable buildings are
structures that are designed and
constructed while abiding by the
environmental standards and SUSTAINABLE

building byelaws
▫ Building Byelaws pay a key role
in shaping sustainable building
models
 11
ANALYTICAL HEIRARCHY PROCESS
(AHP)
▫ AHP was developed by Thomas L. Saaty in the 1970s.
▫ AHP is an essential decision making technique that can
help deal with rationality in projects.
▫ It allows to capture strategic goals, and set a weighing
criterion against each of the criterion.
 12
District Administrations: Country
Pakistan

▫ The authorities that are responsible to Province

direct, command and control the KPK
construction activities in respective
areas which for Peshawar are the Division
following: Peshawar

▫ TMA-1
District
▫ TMA-2 Peshawar

▫ TMA-3
Tehsil
▫ TMA-4
Town 1
▫ PDA
Union
Council
Shahi Bagh
 13

FLUTTER AND DART

▫ Flutter is a development kit developed by Google for making
exquisite natively composed application for mobile, web and
desktop, all from as single codebase.
▫ Dart is an open source, object-oriented and a class-based language
which has great support for functional as well as reactive
programming.
▫ Flutter is a framework which uses Dart Programming language for
coding.
 14

COBIE SPREADSHEET PLUGIN

▫ Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie) is
the data format for the publication of a subset of a building model’s
information primarily concerned with delivering asset data instead
of geometric component information.
▫ A COBie plugin is installed in Revit to extract a building
information file in the form of a spreadsheet. This spreadsheet
contains all the assets that have been used and defined in the model
created in the software.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
 16

Considering the case of Peshawar District

▫ Peshawar District has turned into a squatter settlement, with poorly
planned infrastructure and unstable management.

▫ With the growth in the city’s infrastructure, illegal construction

malpractices have also risen.

▫ The major cause for this, is the contravene of building byelaws,

human error and induced corruption.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of our project would be as follow
 18

AIMS

1. Creating an app for real 2. Identifying the problems

time checking of building that could arise due to
designs with byelaws. negligence of sanctioning
policies.
 19

Objectives
1. Regulating the building bylaws and making intentions to update
the living standards of the inhabitants and furthermore, to
protect the city from additional degradations.
2. To bring uniformity and harmony in the newly emerging
building and suggest some practical solutions as
recommendations for improving the city’s environment.
3. The residential and commercial buildings will be built in the
residential and commercial areas.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Now moving on to the Literature Review of our project
 21

Proposition of BIM Framework for Managing Town Planning,

Sanctioning and Monitoring of Construction Works By Mr. Shadaab Sayyed

▫ In Indian cities, local government is responsible for infrastructure development same

as in Pakistan.
▫ Any construction project requires to be sanctioned by the municipal authorities.
▫ An architect prepares the layout and related data. It is later submitted for scrutiny to
these municipal authorities, which either pass or reject the project proposal.
▫ Illegal construction practices are common in India with certain violations of building
byelaws.
▫ So, What is the solution?

Reference:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325661088_Proposition_of_BIM_Framework_for_Managing_Town_Planning_Sanctioning_and_Monitoring_of_Constructio
n_Works
THE 22

SOLUTIO
N
Use of Building Information Model (BIM) for the
implementation of Bye-Laws.
 23

Proposition of BIM Framework for Managing Town Planning,

Sanctioning and Monitoring of Construction Works

▫ Solution to this problem is the integration of technology in

governance and private construction.

▫ Implementing latest IT techniques such as Building Information

Modelling (BIM) as a mediator and a making use of this BIM
platform for sanctioning, scrutiny, execution and verification can be
the solution.

Reference:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325661088_Proposition_of_BIM_Framework_for_Managing_Town_Planning_Sanctioning_and_Monitoring_of_Constructio
n_Works
 24

3D Model Generated
with Rivet
A Case Study was carried out
by the research team in which
an existing building was
replicated and checked against
the Bye-Laws.
 25

BIM-based Automated Design Checking for Building Permit in the Light

Frame Building Industry By Engr. Harish Narayanaswamy

▫ Automation of the code compliance checking process has been explored extensively,
particularly in recent years with the emergence of building information modelling.
▫ Development of a BIM tool to automate municipal zoning bylaw and wood framing
design compliance checking for residential building is used by the researcher.
▫ A case study was presented to demonstrate the implementation of the application and
its benefits compared to existing design checking approaches.

Reference:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334127505_BIM-based_Automated_Design_Checking_for_Building_Permit_in_the_Light-Frame_Building_Industry
 26

Research Methodology
Adopted
 27

Research Methodology Adopted

Application of the analytical hierarchy process to developing 28
sustainability criteria and assessing heritage and modern buildings in the
UAE By Engr. Emad Mushtaha

▫ This study aimed to assess buildings as heritage, ordinary, modern or sustainable

building with respect to defined sustainability criteria using the AHP technique.
▫ The methodological approach was survey-based, using the answers obtained through
questionnaires.
▫ A comparison of the relative importance between the rating criteria was made within
the framework of the AHP, based on expert opinion, that would allow unambiguous
prioritization of the decision-making factors and lead to a consistent result.

Reference:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17452007.2019.1693335?journalCode=taem20
METHODOLOGY
Now let us come to the methodology we have adopted.
 30

Survey of Buildings in Peshawar

▫ To know whether the Commercial, residential and institutional buildings in

Peshawar district are following the building bylaws, we performed a survey
which included visiting the local authorities offices.
▫ Architectural and Structural Maps were obtained from the visit and a careful
study was carried to check for violations with KP building byelaws.
▫ An excel sheet was prepared from which a GIS Map was made showing all
the violations.
 31

GIS MAPPING OF
SURVEYED DATA
▫ On the basis of visual survey to TMA 1, TMA 2,
PDA and by analysis of the collected data from
TMA 3; we modeled a heatmap on GIS which
helps to visualize how much infrastructure in
different areas of Peshawar, does not abide by
the building byelaws.
 32
Case Study: Commercial Tyre Plaza at Ring
Road
▫ A case study was conducted on an under construction commercial
building situated on ring road in Peshawar, KP.
▫ A model was drawn using Autodesk Revit and every asset detail of
the building was added into the BIM software.
▫ The commercial building was designed based on Pakistan Building
Code (S.P- 2007) , ACI 318-2005 and UBC 97. It was designed as a
frame structure for Zone 2B.
▫ The building selected for this specific case study was located at the
following coordiantes (33°57'53.6"N , 71°29'46.5"E).
 33

Sectional View of Commercial Tyre Plaza

 34

Elevation View of Commercial Tyre PLaza

 35

Modelling with Autodesk Revit

▫ Autodesk Revit 2018-Student version, was used to conduct the

modeling.
▫ Apart from the structural components, the model also included non-
structural items details such as doors, windows, ramps, shutters, and
staircases.
 36

3D Model of Commercial Tyre Building

 37

Rendered Images of the 3D Model

 38

Data Extraction with Cobie Spreadsheet Plugin

▫ Using the Cobie spreadsheet plugin, an excel worksheet containing
details of all the assets of the building was derived.
▫ This spreadsheet was used as a model for coding and developing the
mobile application.
▫ The model Cobie spreadsheet derived from Revit, was processed
into the application later on, to check all the details and
specifications of the building such as building height, set back,
parking space area, FAR ratio etc. against the KP building byelaws.
 39

Spreadsheet generated with COBie spreadsheet plugin for Revit.

 40

Mobile Application Development

▫ The main part of our research involved the automation of the service that we
carried out in the excel spreadsheet.

▫ We used the flutter framework for developing the app that will serve such
purpose.

▫ The code was written in Dart Programming language which is an object-

oriented language and stacks the whole code in the form of widgets.
 41
Mobile Application
Development
▫ We will use a File Picker to select the desired
spreadsheet file on which the analysis would
be carried out.
▫ A preview of the file picker functionality has
been shown to the right in the form of
screenshots.
▫ You can see in the screenshot the storage
symbol, tapping which takes you to the file
explorer from where you can select the
Cobie's spreadsheet to be analyzed by the
application.
 42
Mobile Application
Development
▫ After picking the required file, the next step is
the analysis of the selected file and finding the
violation in the Revit model of the building.
▫ On selecting the file the app shows the message
shown at the right that the analysis is being run.
▫ The app has two section, one showing the
violations in the building and the other showing
the passed.
 43

Sustainability Analysis of Building Byelaws

▫ Sustainability in the implementation of building byelaws has been an
important matter of concern regarding this research study.
▫ Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was adopted to find out the importance
of different factors that contribute towards sustainable implementation of
byelaws.
▫ An electronic survey was also conducted, and data was collected from 53
expert participants.
▫ This survey helped in weighing factors affecting sustainability for the
regulation of building byelaws.
 44

Development of a Sustainability Model

For the development of a sustainability model for our research project, a set of activities
that are defined as under were conducted.

Activity 1A: Identification of factors and subfactors towards sustainable implementation

of Building Byelaws
Activity 1B: Interdependency of Sub-factors towards sustainable implementation of
Building Byelaws
Activity 2: Comparative Importance of factors towards sustainable implementation of
Building Byelaws
Activity 3: Finding weights of sustainability of factors using Analytical Hierarchy
Process (AHP)
 45

Activity 1A

Activity 1A, was to identify the

factors and subfactors making an
important contribution towards
sustainable implementation of
building byelaws in Peshawar.
 46

Activity 1B

For Activity 1B, an importance

factor out of 5 was allotted for each
of the factors and subfactors. This
allocation must be done based on
significance of role each factor
plays in the building management
system for a particular area.
 47

Activity 2
Activity 2 has been split into 4 parts, 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D.

2A depicts the dependency of technical subfactors over the environmental, economic,

social and institutional.
2B is the dependency of environmental subfactors over the economic, social and
institutional subfactors.
2C shows the relation between the Economic subfactors with the social and
institutional subfactors.
2D represents the dependency of Social sub factors upon the institutional subfactors.
 48

A snapshot of Activity 2D
Activity 3: The Analytical Hierarchy Process 49

(AHP)
▫ For activity 3, an electronic survey was conducted that helped in obtaining 53
expert’s opinion regarding the importance of one sustainability component over
another.
▫ The survey helped in finding out the correlation of the Sustainability Aspects for
BIM Implementation in expert view of general public and academia.
▫ The results were analyzed and a geomean for each set of results was found which
was used in performing the AHP.
▫ The Analytical Hierarchy Process yielded weight factors for each of the
components involved in judging the sustainability of building management in
Peshawar District.
 50

The conclusions for Analytical Hierarchy Process

RESULTS
Operation of Application

LIVE DEMONSTRATION
 53

Operation of
▫Application
To the right is shown the snapshot taken,
after we picked the Cobie spreadsheet of
our case study model, ‘Commercial Tyre
Plaza at Ring Road Peshawar KPK’ and
loaded it into the app.
▫ After successful operation, the
application displayed a list of violations
that were observed in the design of the
model.
▫ The byelaws that were taken care of are
also shown in green by the application.
 Sustainability in Building Byelaws
▫ Analytical Hierarchy Process helped in identifying the most important factors
that could determine and control the sustainability in the implementation of
byelaws.

▫ The most important components responsible for judging sustainability in

building management processes are the ‘Environmental’ factors.

▫ The second ranked components were observed to be the ‘Social’ factors casting a
great impact upon the overall sustainability of building management system.
Sustainability of Implementation of Building Byelaws
CONCLUSIONS
Conclusions
1. The method of using digital technology for keeping a check and balance on building
byelaws and regulations is time and cost efficient.
2. The GIS Heat map clearly depicts, that TMA 1 and TMA 2 need to work upon
their building management system, in order to prevent Peshawar District turn into
a squatter settlement.
3. The survey of buildings in Peshawar District showed that, more violations in
byelaws is done in planning and designing the commercial buildings.
4. Sustainability model for implementation of building byelaws depicts that work in
the environmental and social sector can prove out to bring great conclusions for
Peshawar building management system.
 58

THANK YOU!

Any questions?