Comparison of Static Near

Stereo Acuity and Accommodative

Facility among Youth Badminton
Players and Non-Badminton
Players

Name: Zuraini binti Kamaruddin

Matric no.: 2006844728
Supervisor: Sir Ahmad Mursyid Ahmad Rudin
Introduction:
How well you
Vision composed: Interrelated affect
play your sport
skills

Different sports Different visual demands

An optometrist with expertise in sports vision can

assess the visual system and can recommend:
 the proper eyeglasses
contact lenses
design a vision therapy program to maximize visual
skills for specific sport.
(http://www.aoa.org/sports-vision.xml)
 Literiture Review:
• Since 1930s, clinicians started to do studies on
correlations between sports and visual acuity
(Winograd, 1942).
• Most of studies in sport vision field are to
determine or to compare the different of various
aspect of vision between athletes and non-
athletes.
• From most of the research had been done before,
it is shown that athletes have better visual abilities
than non-athletes (Boden ML et al., 2008).
• Studies in Atlanta, Georgia, (Boden et
al,.2008) conclude that ball players
(baseball/softball) have superior static near
stereo acuity than non-ball players.
• Research in 2005 showed that female
volleyball players showed better
accommodative facility and saccadic eye
movement than non-playing control group.
(Jafarzadehpur, E., Aazami, N., and Bolouri, B. )
 Problem statement:
• Not many studies on badminton players.

• To prove if static near stereo acuity or accommodative

facility is including in one of visual skills that
developed from badminton sport (through practice).
• To increase awareness that vision as one of factor
that influence the physical performance of badminton
player.
 General Objective:
• To assess the different of static near stereo
acuity and accommodative facility among
badminton players and non-badminton
players.
 Specific Objectives:
• To measure the static stereo acuity of
badminton players and non-badminton
players.
• To measure the accommodative facility of
badminton players and non-badminton
players.
 Methodology:
• Study design

• Sample size

• Subject criteria

• Data collection

• Data analysis
 Study design:
• Cross sectional comparative study.
 Sample size:
• 30 youth badminton player
– Sekolah Menengah Sukan Bukit Jalil
• 30 youth who not involve in badminton game
– Students from secondary school in Petaling
Jaya area
• Both groups are evenly distributed according
to the gender.
 Subject Criteria:
• Aged between 13 to 21 years old
• For badminton players - must experience at
least 5 years and still playing.
• For non-badminton players/control group -
not play badminton seriously even as a
hobby.
• VA – 6/6 for distance and N5 at 40cm with
correction.
• Do not have any:
– serious ocular disease
– serious/uncontrollable systemic disease
– binocular vision related problems such as
tropia, vergence or accommodation
problems.
Data Collection:
•VA for D & N
•Subj Rx  Phoria
•SLB & ophthalmoscopy

•Randot stereo test

•Polarize glass
•Unit: second of arc

•±2.00 flipper
•Near chart
•Unit: cpm
 Data Analysis:
• Via SPSS:
– Pearson’s correlation
– Independent sample T-test (in SPSS)

Work Plan:
 References:
1. Winograd, S. (1942) The relation of timing and vision to baseball
performance. Research Quarterly 13:481-493.
2. Boden LM, Rosengren KJ, O.D, Martin DF, M.D, and Boden SD, M.D.,
(2008) A comparison of static near stereoacuity in youth
baseball/softball players and non-ball players. Journal of American
Optometric Association: a review of the Optometry, Vol 80, No 3, March
2009.
3. Erickson, G. 2007. Sport Vision: Vision Care for the Enhancement of
Sports Performance, 16, 9 - 15. St. Louis, Missouri: Butterworth
Heinemann Elsevier.
4. Ikarugi, C., Hattori, Y., Awata, T., Tanifuji, C., and Ikaruji, H., (2005)
The relationship between visual function and performance of the girl’s
junior badminton athletes. Journal of Human Performance
Measurement Vol. 2, 22-27.
5. Jafarzadehpur, E and Yarigholi, MR., (2004) Comparison of visual
acuity in reduced lamination and facility of ocular accommodation in
table tennis champions and non-players. Journal of Sports Science and
Medicine (2004) 3, 44-48.
6. Jafarzadehpur, E., Aazami, N., and Bolouri, B. (2005) Comparison of
saccadic eye movements and facility of ocular accommodation in
female volleyball players and non-players. Scandinavian Journal of
Medicine & Science in Sports (2007) 17, 186-190.
7. Scheiman, M., and Wick, B., (1993) Clinical Management of Binocular
Vision: Heterophoric, Accommodative, and Eye Movement Disorders,
second edition. 19 – 24.
8. Carlson, NB., and Kurtz, D., (2004) Clinical Procedures for Ocular
Examination, third edition. 193.
9. Resenfield, M., Gilmartin, B., (1998) Myopia and Nearwork: Edition 12.
5.