STEM

GENERAL
BIOLOGY 1
Miss Efraim G.
Mendoza
 GENERAL BIOLOGY 1
General Biology provides a basic introduction
to biology, the study of life. A major focus of
this course is the cell – its structure and
function, cell transport and cellular energy,
and how cells divide. Students will explore
genetics and learn about DNA. Units on
ecology and evolution are also included.
BIOLOGY
Study of life. the study of living organisms,
divided into many specialized fields that
cover their morphology, physiology,
anatomy, behavior, origin, and distribution.
 MODULE 1
CELL: The Basic Unit
of Life

• Microscopy and the

Discovery of the Cell
 After the discussion, the
students will be able to…

 Explain the postulates of the cell

theory
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
01 How did the discovery of the microscope help in
the development of the cell theory?

02 Who are the proponents/scientists of discovering

the microscope?

03
This topic will discuss the
events that led to the concept of
the cell theory, as well as its
postulates and the inventions of
microscope that gives an
important role in the discovery
of cell.
 ACTIVITIES

01 Pre – Assessment Let’s have a recap!

Since you already have a knowledge about microscope, answer the following questions.
1. What is the function of a microscope?
2. How important is the discovery of microscope in the field of biology?

Reading Challenges: Microscopy and the Discovery

02
of the Cell
Read the following content topic – the early microscope, 17th century
microscopes and the discovery of the cell, electron microscopes, and cell theory
in your Gen. Bio 1 book on page 3 – 6.

03 TIMELINE
Name the persons behind the invention/development of microscope and
discovery of cell and identify the contribution of each.
 ACTIVITIES

04 MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and if not, underline the word or statement
that made the sentence incorrect and write the correct answer on the space provided.

05 GENERALIZATION AND VALUING

1.Why does the discovery of cell and the development of cell theory are
inseparable?
2.Why are curiosity and wonder being essential for the next generation of
scientist?

06 ASSESSMENT
If you are a scientist from the 1900’s, what discovery would you like to have
made yourself? Why? Describe your invention/discovery.
MICROSCOPY
AND THE
DISCOVERY OF
THE CELL
In this chapter, you will find answers to the following
questions:
• How did the discovery of the microscope help in
the development of the cell theory?
• What are the parts and functions of the cell?
• How do cells perform different functions?
• How does the transport of substances take place
in the cell?
“
By the help of microscopes, there is nothing so
small, as to escape our inquiry; hence there is a
new visible world discovered to the

”
understanding.
– Robert Hooke
 MICROSCOPY AND THE DISCOVERY OF THE CELL

The word “microscope” comes from the Latin

“microscopium,” which is derived from the
Greek words “mikros,” meaning “small,” and
“skopein,” meaning “to look at.”
 MICROSCOPY AND THE DISCOVERY OF THE CELL

Microscope is an instrument for viewing

objects that are too small to be seen by the
naked or unaided eye.

Microscopy is the science of investigating small

objects using such an instrument is called
microscopy.
ANIMALCULES
a minute or microscopic animal,
nearly or quite invisible to the
naked eye, as an infusorian or
rotifer.
THE DISCOVERY
OF THE CELL
 THE EARLY MICROSCOPE

HANS JANSEN And ZACHARIAS JANSSEN

• 1597
• invented the first so-called compound microscope in
the late 16th century.
• Credited for the production of lenses
• only magnified by between 3x and 9x.
 17th – CENTURY MICROSCOPE AND THE DISCOVERY
OF THE CELL

Robert Hooke
• 1665
• English Father of Microscopy
• Coined the term “cell”
• He found it in cork.
• cell looked like small monastery rooms
• “all organisms are made of cells, which are the basic structural
units of life.”
 17th – CENTURY MICROSCOPE AND THE DISCOVERY
OF THE CELL

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

• 1674
• Father of the Ancient Microbiology
• Dutch maker of microscopes, was the first person to see live cells
in a drop of pond water
• “animalcules”
 Robert Brown
• 1833
• English Botanist
discovered the nucleus in
plant cells. (orchid)
 Matthias Jakob Schleiden

• 1838
• German Botanist
• Concluded that all plant
tissues are composed of cells.
 Theodore Schwann

• 1839
• German Botanist
• Concluded that all animals
tissues are composed of cells.
• Proposed the CELL
THEORY
 Cell Theory according to Theodore Schwann
1) The cell is the unit of structure,
physiology, and organization in living
things.

2) The cell retains a dual existence as a

distinct entity and a building block in
the construction of organisms.

3) Cells form by free-cell formation,

similar to the formation of crystals
(spontaneous generation).
 Rudolph Virchow

• 1858
• Completed the cell theory by
expounding his famous conclusion
“omnis cellula e cellula”
• Cells develop from pre existing
cells.
 THE CELL THEORY
1. All organisms are made up of one or
more cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of function and
structure of living things
3. All cells come from pre – existing
cells.
 STEM

Thank you!
Miss Efraim G.
Mendoza