PHILIPPINE POLITICS

AND GOVERNANCE
SITTIE NADJA B. RONDA
 Subject Description
• This course introduces the
students to the basic concepts and
vital elements of politics and
governance from historical-
institutional perspective.
 LESSON 1
• THE CONCEPTS OF POLITICS
AND GOVERNANCE
The meaning of Politics
How Politics can be studied
The meaning of Governance
 Question to ponder:

•Why do we need to study

Politics?
 Answers
•It will help you to know your
rights
•It will help you understand our
nation’s parties
•It may clarify what you yourself
believes
 POLITICS
• Politics is an art and science of
the government.
• It is the activities associated with
the governance of a country or
other area.
 POLITICS
• Formulated by the Greeks during
the 4th and 5th Century.
• Polis – city-state
• Polites – citizens
• Politikos – government officials
 POLITICS
• The study of affairs of the Polis
(City – state) defined as the most
sovereign and inclusive
association. (PLATO)
 POLITICS
• The existence of rules or authority
within the state. (Robert Dahl)
• The heart of Political Science
POLITICS as the art a Government

• The state is the center view of

politics.
• POLITICS GOVERNMENT
• It is what defines the activities of
the government and of the state.
 POLITICS as public affair

• Politics is played by everybody,

politicians or not.
• Politics becomes necessary to
create a just society.
 ---

“Man, by nature, is a
Political Animal.” -
Aristotle
 POLITICS as compromise and
consensus
• Politics is meant to resolve
conflict.
• In politics, compromise,
conciliation and negotiation
become necessary.
 POLITICS as power

• Politics can be seen as struggle

over scarce resources, and power
can be seen as the means through
which struggle is conducted.
4 Concepts in the study of Politics

1. Power
2. Influence
3. Authority
4. Legitimacy
 POLITICAL SCIENCE

• An academic discipline deals with

the theoretical study of the state
and government.
 GOVERNANCE

• The action of government.

• The process of decision-making
and the process by which
decisions are implemented.
(Sheng, UNESCAP)
 GOVERNANCE

• A government’s ability to make

and enforce rule and to deliver
services, regardless of whether
the government is democratic or
not. (Fukuyama, 2013)
 GOVERNANCE

• The manner in which public

officials and institutions acquire
and exercise the authority to
shape public policy and provide
public goods and services. (World
Bank, 2007)
8 Characteristics of Governance
1. Participation
2. Rule of Law
3. Transparency
4. Responsiveness
5. Consensus oriented
6. Equity and inclusiveness
7. Effectiveness and Efficiency
8. Accountability
 1. Participation

Active involvement of all

affected and interested parties
in the decision-making
process.
 2. Rule of Law

Legal frameworks should

be fair and enforced
impartially.
 3. Transparency

Free flow of information.

 4. Responsiveness

Serve all stakeholders

 5. Consensus Oriented

Mediates differing
interests.
 6. Equity and Inclusiveness

All its members have

opportunities to improve or
maintain their well-being.
7. Effectiveness and Efficiency

Produce results that meet

needs while making the
best use of resources.
 8. Accountability

Accountable to the public.

 GOVERNMENT
• The set of individuals who continuously
perform political authority or power in a
well-defined functions and geographical
scope in a specific group of people.
• Each positions or offices are set with
specific descriptions or their functions.
 REMINDERS:

• Your ALMs will be submitted on

September 26, 2021
• Reporting will start on September 26,
2021