Signal transduction of Epinephrine

Khalid Hasan Raj

2nd year undergraduate student,
Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, University of Dhaka
General aspects of Epinephrine
Epinephrine also known as Adrenalin. It is a one kind of catecholamines.
Secreted by, Adrenal gland. Adrenal gland is located on the top of the kidney.
Heart rate.

Physiological Blood pressure.

Functions
Dilates or widen
airway.
Functions
Glucose
production in liver.

Breakdown of
Metabolic glycogen.
Functions
ATP production
in muscle.
Fatty acid
metabolism.
Khalid Hasan Raj
   Epinephrine signaling pathway by -adrenergic receptor.
Epinephrine

7TM-protein Adenylyl Cell Membrane

cyclase

𝐺𝑠𝛾 𝐺
𝐺 𝑠𝛼
GDP
GTP GTP
   
  ATP

𝑠𝛽   GTP

cAMP PKA

 
1. Epinephrine binds to the β-adrenergic receptor, a G-protein coupled receptor.
2. The β-adrenergic receptor stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP in G stimulatory protein.
3. changes conformation, releasing and
4. binds to adenyl cyclase, activating the production of cAMP (second messenger) from ATP.
5. Two cAMP molecules bind to each of the two PKA regulatory subunits, causing them to change
conformation and release the active PKA catalytic subunit.

Khalid Hasan Raj

 PKA phosphorylates different kinds of enzyme
Effects of phosphorylation:
Cell types
Myocytes( skeletal muscle )
Hepatocytes
Effects
Enhance lipolysis.
Stimulates lipase.
Produce glucose.
Stimulates glycogenolysis.
Inhibit glycogenesis.
Stimulates gluconeogenesis.
Inhibit glycolysis.
Image: Phosphorylation by PKA
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_kinase_A
Khalid Hasan Raj
 Epinephrine response to exercise
3.5

Plasma EPI concentration( ng/ml )

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Weeks of exercise

Data Source: Anthony C. Hackney

Khalid Hasan Raj