Investigative Reporting

INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING

OBJECTIVES:

 To provide the participants the knowledge on the reports’
preparation as required by the existing PNP policies;
 To communicate effectively through the use of spoken and

printed word;
 To express their thoughts clearly and concisely when writing a

police report; and
 To value the importance of correct report writing.

 Investigative Reporting – is an objective
statement of the investigator’s findings. It is
an official information record relevant to the
investigation, which the investigator submits
to his/her superior.
 Communication – is the use of spoken or

written language to exchange ideas or
transfer information.
 Report – is a detailed account of an event,
situation, etc., usually based on observation
or inquiry.
 Reporting – is knowingly passing information

to someone else.
 Report Writing – is a communication that

leads itself to a useful tool for people in a
free society to express their thoughts and
ideas and to obtain what they need or want.
 Fact – is anything, which, either through
careful observation or investigation, has
been proven to exist as to have happened.
 Note Taking – is defined as a brief notation

concerning specific events recorded while
fresh in the investigator’s mind and used
to prepare a report.
 Chronological Order – is the arrangement

in order of events/actions by the time of
their occurrence.
Importance of Investigative Reporting
a. They serve as records for police

administrators in planning, directing,
and organizing the unit duties.
b. Reports can be used as legal documents

in the prosecution of criminals.
c. Reports can be used by other agencies.

Importance of Investigative
Reporting
d. Reports can be useful for local media

needing access to public documents.
e. The author of a report must also

consider that his/her (written) work is
reflective of his/her personality.
f. Reports can be a basis for research.

Preparations needed in Report
Writing
 Review and organize notes

Draw an outline in chronological
sequence
Review for its completeness
Finalize the report based on the

actual events
Criteria
 Itmust be accurate, brief, clear, and
grammatically correct.
 Abbreviations must be appropriately and
correctly used.
 The report must be dignified and must
avoid slang, colloquial or unnecessary
technical terms.
Requisites of a Good
Investigation Report
a. Accuracy – The report should be a true
representation of the facts to the best of the
investigators ability.
b. Completeness – The question of “when, who,

what, where, why and how?” must be
answered.
c. Brevity – Irrelevant or unnecessary materials
must be omitted.
d. Fairness – The investigator must take the
facts as he finds them.
Requisites of a Good
Investigation Report
e. Form and Style – The arrangement of the
materials presented must be in a manner
which makes the report easy to read.
f. Clarity – The report’s language and
format must be simple and direct to the
point.
g. Specific – Specific words must bring the
reader closer to firsthand experience.
h. Timeliness – The report must meet any
deadline and be promptly processed.
Types of Report Writers
 Those who write without thinking.
 Those who write and think at the same
time.
 Thosewho think first and write
afterwards.
Supervision of Reports
1. Assure good reports.
 The Chief must sincerely want good reports
 Good reporting standards must be set up so
that all should know what is expected of them.
 Spot-checking systems must be set up to
make sure that corrections may be made to
assure uniformity.
2. Protect the reputation of the Department
and its Officers.
Good reports reflect favorably on the
officers preparing them and on the
department they represent.
Good reports help refute false charges
against officers and the department they
represent.
3. Provide supervision methods.
 Tickler system – this system assures a
regular check on each pending case.
Assignment record – this must show the

cases assigned to each officer and include a
record of reports submitted.
All reports must be read and signed by

the detailed supervisor.
Different Types of Report
1. Police Blotter – is a record or log of daily

events within the territory/jurisdiction of a
given police unit or command.
2. Spot Report – refers to an immediate initial

investigation or incident report addressed to
Higher Headquarters pertaining to the
commission of the crime, natural/man-made
disaster or unusual incidents involving loss of
lives and damage of properties.
3. Progress Report – it is an accounting of the

actions or series of actions undertaken in
relation to an ongoing investigation of a case.
4. Special Report – Special reports are done

either because one feels he has some
reporting to do or a lower police unit or office
is obligated based on the directives or an
instruction from the higher police offices.
5. Final Report – is a thorough, in-depth and lengthy
account regarding an investigation of an incident or case
as mandated by higher authorities to establish a
determination of the truth and how far it could be
determined based on facts and circumstances with
appropriate recommendation for proper course of
action.
6. Investigation Report – is considered internal

communication. Investigation report is complete when it
answers the six interrogatives of police report writing-
the5W’s and 1H. It also provides in brief, the sworn
statements executed by the individuals having an
interest to the case being investigated.
7. Flash Alarm – is an account relative to the commission of
a crime or incident filed to the police by a
complainant/witness or victim citing the date, time, place,
and possible motive of the crime committed, how it has
been perpetrated, and other details relative to incident.
8. Investigator’s Notes – The investigation data must be

recorded in a complete, accurate and legible fashion.
9. Case referral report – It serves as endorsement to the

Prosecutor’s Office of the case brought by the
investigating officer before the prosecutor’s attention for
appropriate action (either for inquest or regular filing).
10. Referral notes – are used to inscribe
incidents, cases and other important events
transpired during his/her tour of duty.
11. Coordination Report –is a report used as a
means of formal coordination made by the
investigating agency with the police/military
unit having operational jurisdiction over the
place where a police/case operation shall be
conducted.
12. Turn Over of Crime Scene – is a procedure by
first responders to the investigator in charge.
13. Turn Over of the Physical Evidence – is a
procedure by the investigator on case with the
SOCO team.
14. After Case Hearing Report (during trial)
15. After Case Hearing Report ( during
promulgation)
16. Case Folder – is a complete copy of
investigation documents for a particular case.
17. Special Report in Civilian Letter Format
18. Forensic Request Format
Summary
 Participants must write samples of the

different types of investigative reports from
their own given scenario and must be able to
make an accurate, concise, complete and
clear investigation report at the end of the
course.
Spot Report
Republic of the Philippines
Department of the Interior and Local Government
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL PLOCE

MEMORANDUM
FOR :
FROM :

SUBJECT : Spot Report

DATE :
_______________________________________________________________________________
(Indicate briefly the date/time, and place of occurrence)
(Brief facts of the Case)

(Other facts)

Requested/ recommended action of the Hqs.

Progress report will follow

__________________________
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE

MEMORANDUM

FOR :

FROM :
SUBJECT : Progress Report

DATE :
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Reference: (previous related Memos)

(Indicate briefly the date/time and place of occurrence ) example

(Brief facts of the case)

(Other Facts)

Requested/ recommended actions of Hqs.

Disposition/ Action Taken

Final Report will follow

______________________________________

MEMORANDUM

FOR :

FROM :

SUBJECT : Final Report

DATE :

Reference: (previous related Memos)

(Indicate briefly the date/time, and place of occurrence)

Background/Brief facts of the case

Sequence of Events

Summary of Action

Recommendation/ Conclusion

Disposition/findings
For your information

(Regular Filing and Inquest)



(DATE)

The Honorable City Chief Prosecutor
Office of ________ Prosecutor
Justice Hall, _______

(Attn: Duty Inquest Prosecutor)

Greetings :

I have the honor to refer to your Office, the records of investigation relative to the case of (crime), committed at
around ______ of ________ at ______________.
COMPLAINANT : (Name, age, nationality, civil status and current address)

VICTIM : (Name, age, nationality, civil status and current address)

SUSPECT (ARRESTED/DETAINED) :
(Name, age, nationality, civil status and current address)

EVIDENCE RECOVERED:

FACTS OF THE CASE:
ENCLOSURES:
a) Subscribed NPS Investigative Data Form

b) SS of the complainant
c) SS of witness
d) SS of witness
e) Joint Affidavit of Arrest of
f) Medico-Legal Report
g) As stated evidence recovered
g) Death Certificate of the Victim
i) Anatomical Sketch of the Victim
j) Booking and Information of the suspect
k) And others to be presented later.

This case will be presented to you by (Name of Investigator-on-Case) of this Office
during the course of inquest proceedings. Further, kindly furnish this Office copy of
resolution of the case and other proceedings.

For appropriate action and disposition.

___________________________
Chief of Police
Coordination Report

COORDINATION FORM

UNIT: ________________________________________________________________________

DATE/TIME: ___________________________________________________________________

PLACE OF OPERATION: ________________________________________________________

TEAM LEADER: _______________________________________________________________

MEMBERS: ___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

VEHICLE USED

_________________________________ _____________________________________
RECEIVED BY: _____________________________

(From First Responder to the Investigator)


TURN-OVER OF CRIME SCENE
Date
This is to certify that the crime scene (State the particular incident and the date, time, place of occurrence)
has been turned over by the first responder to the duty investigator.
This further certifies that all the pieces of physical evidence found by the first responder at the crime scene
are properly secured and preserved.
Received By : ____________________
Time/Date : ____________________
Turned over By: ___________________
Time/Date : ___________________

Witnessed By: ____________________


(From Investigator to SOCO Team Leader)


TURN-OVER OF CRIME SCENE AND PHYSICAL EVIDENCE
Date

This is to certify that the crime scene and all the physical evidence (State the particular incident and the
date, time, place of occurrence) were turned over by the duty the investigator to the SOCO Team Leader.

This further certifies that all the pieces of physical evidence found and initially marked and inventoried by
the investigator at the crime scene are properly listed and recorded in the investigator’s Evidence Log
Book.

Received By:___________________
Time/Date :___________________
Turned over By: ________________
Time/Date : ________________

Witnessed By: ____________

After Case Hearing Report
(During Trial)


MEMORANDUM
FOR :
FROM :

SUBJECT : After Case Hearing Reports

DATE:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. This has reference to the Court Hearing which has been recently attended today by the undersigned together with
______________________ relative to the case filed by _________________ against ___________________________ docketed
under CC# ______________________ is scheduled for arraignment at the sala of
______________________________________.

2. However, said court hearing/arraignment is reset because __________________ counsel of the respondents has
submitted/filed a motion for reinvestigation of the case presented to City Prosecutor and after examining the
motion, it has lately been approved by the court.

3. For information.
______________________
(CHIEF OF OFFICE)

After Case Hearing Report
(During Promulgation)


MEMORANDUM
FOR :
FROM :

SUBJECT : After Promulgation of Judgment Reports
DATE :
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. This pertains to the promulgation of Judgment in PP vs in CC.

2. On or about o’ clock in the afternoon on even date, _______has been found “guilty beyond
reasonable doubt” on the said three (3) cases, to wit:

Case Number Crime Committed Sentence
___________ _______________ ___________
3. In addition to the following, the accused is also directed to pay the
heirs of deceased ______________of the “Decision”, twelve (12) pages are
hereto attached.

4. According to the Provincial Jail Warden, the accused will be
transferred to The National Penitentiary, Muntinlupa City as soon as the
commitment order is issued by the Judge.

5. For Information.

________________________
(CHIEF OF OFFICE)
Case Folder

CASE FOLDER OF

ENCLOSURES OF CASE REFERRAL/TRANSMITTAL
(For Viol of ____________________)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Sworn Statement of (Name of Complainant)“A”
2. Sworn Statement of (Name of Witnesses) “B”
3. Affidavit of Arrest (Name of Arresting Officers) “C”
4. Documentary Evidence “D”

a. Complaint Sheet of Complainant“D-1”
b. Request and Certificate of POEA “D-2”
c. Request and Result of Ultra Violet Powder “D-3”
d. Summary of Information “D-4”
e. Coordination “D-5”
f. Request and Result of Physical Examination “D-6”
g. Booking /Information Sheet of Suspect “D-7”
h. Copies of Photographs and Sketch of Agency “D-8”
i. Copies of Photographs during Entrapment Opn “D-9”
j. Copies of Photographs of the Suspect “D-10”
k. Copies of Photographs of the Pieces of Physical “D-11”
l. Evidence Recovered and Seized “D-12”
m. Reports about the Case “D-13”
n. Others “D-14”
______________________
Officer-on-Case
Noted By:
_________________
 Chief of Office




Forensic Request Formats
 Sample Request Form for Medico-Legal Examination
 Autopsy
 Genital
 Physical/Medical
 Blood
 Semen
 DNA
 Sample Request Form for Firearms Identification
 Ballistic
 Cross-Matching
Sample Request Form for Chemistry Examination

Dangerous Drugs

Drug Test

Paraffin Test

Explosives

Macro-etching

Trajectory

Ultra-violet (Fluorescence Powder)

Toxins

Burned Debris and Flammable/Volatile Substances

Chemical Analysis

Sample Request Form for Fingerprint Examination

Sample Request Form for Questioned Documents Examination

Sample Request Form for Polygraph Examination

Sample Request Form for the Conduct of SOCO

Medico-Legal Examination
(Autopsy)
MEMORANDUM
FOR : Director, PNP Crime Laboratory
FROM :
SUBJECT : Request for Autopsy Examination
DATE :
___________________________________________________________________________________
1. Request conduct medico-legal (autopsy) examination on the accompanying specimen to
determine the cause of death.

a) NATURE OF CASE:

b) VICTIM :

c) SUSPECT :

d) T D P O :

e) SPECIMEN SUBMITTED :

2. Further request that this Office be furnished a copy of medico-legal examination result for our
reference.

3. For consideration.
____________________________
(CHIEF OF OFFICE)
(Genital)

MEMORANDUM
FROM :
SUBJECT : Request for Genital Examination
DATE :
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Request conduct Genital Examination of the person ____________________ residing

at_______________.

2. In connection with para 1 above, request furnish this office a copy of the initial result thereof for
reference.

_______________________________
(CHIEF OF OFFICE)
(Physical/Medical)

MEMORANDUM
FROM :
SUBJECT : Request for Physical/Medical Examination
DATE :
________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Request conduct Physical/Medical Examination of the person ____________________ residing at
________________________.

2. In connection with para 1 above, request furnish this office a copy of the initial result thereof for
reference purposes.


____________________________
(CHIEF OF OFFICE)
(Blood Samples)



MEMORANDUM
FROM :
SUBJECT : Request for Blood Examination
DATE :
______________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Request conduct medico-legal (blood) examination on the accompanying specimen.

a) NATURE OF CASE :
b) VICTIM :
c) SUSPECT :
d) T D P O :

reference.


_________________
(CHIEF OF OFFICE)

(Semen Samples)


MEMORANDUM
FROM :
SUBJECT : Request for Semen Examination
DATE :
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Request conduct medico-legal (semen) examination on the accompanying specimen.

a) NATURE OF CASE :
b) VICTIM :
c) SUSPECT :
d) TDPO :
reference.
____________________________
 (CHIEF OF OFFICE)
(DNA)

MEMORANDUM
FROM :
UBJECT : Request for DNA Examination
DATE :
___________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Request conduct medico-legal (DNA) examination on the accompanying specimen.

a) NATURE OF CASE :
b) VICTIM :
c) SUSPECT :
d) TDPO :
reference.
__________________
(CHIEF OF OFFICE)
SRPS-IN
MEMORANDUM
FOR : Provincial Director, NEPPO
FROM : Chief of Police, SPRS
SUBJECT : SPECIAL REPORT ON (STATE THE NATURE OF CASE OR
INCIDENT BEING REPORTED)
DATE :
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Reference: Spot Report of this station with cite Nr SRPS-02-14-40 dated February 14, 2010, with
subject as above.
2. This pertains to the (what – significant incident)__________ that transpired at (where – place of
occurrence)________ perpetrated by (who – name and other personal circumstances of the suspect) on
(when – month, date and year) at (specific time) in the (morning, afternoon or evening).
3. Report has revealed that (how & why the incident transpired) that resulted in (result or consequence of
the incident).
4. Further investigation has disclosed that (other information relevant to the incident, which may answer
another set of 5W’s and 1H, if necessary).
5. Elements of (unit taking action) are/have (police action conducted-search/follow up/pursuit operations,
filing of charges, further investigation, etc.) that resulted in the (result of police action- seizure, arrest,
surrender, confiscation, recovery, issuance of arrest warrant, etc.).
6. Other developments regarding the incident shall be submitted as soon as obtained.

_________________
Chief of Police

SRPS-IN
November 01, 2010
HONORABLE__________
Municipal Mayor
Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija

Sir:
This pertains to the (what – significant incident)__________ that transpired at (where – place of occurrence)________
perpetrated by (who – name and other personal circumstances of the suspect) on (when – month, date and year) at
(specific time) in the (morning, afternoon or evening).

Report has revealed that (how and why the incident transpired) that resulted in (result or consequence of the incident).

Further investigation has disclosed that (other information relevant to the incident, which may answer another set of 5W’s
and 1H, if necessary).

Elements of (unit taking action) are/have (police action conducted-search/follow up/pursuit operations, filing of charges,
further investigation, etc.) that resulted in the (result of police action- seizure, arrest, surrender, confiscation, recovery,
issuance of arrest warrant, etc.).

Other developments regarding the incident shall be submitted as soon as obtained.

Respectfully yours,
_______________
(COP)


QUESTIONS?

Investigative Reporting

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Investigative Reporting

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Investigative Reporting

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING

 To communicate effectively through the use of spoken and

 To express their thoughts clearly and concisely when writing a

 To value the importance of correct report writing.

 Communication – is the use of spoken or

 Reporting – is knowingly passing information

 Report Writing – is a communication that

 Note Taking – is defined as a brief notation

 Chronological Order – is the arrangement

a. They serve as records for police

b. Reports can be used as legal documents

c. Reports can be used by other agencies.

d. Reports can be useful for local media

e. The author of a report must also

f. Reports can be a basis for research.

 Review and organize notes

Finalize the report based on the

b. Completeness – The question of “when, who,

Assignment record – this must show the

All reports must be read and signed by

1. Police Blotter – is a record or log of daily

2. Spot Report – refers to an immediate initial

3. Progress Report – it is an accounting of the

4. Special Report – Special reports are done

6. Investigation Report – is considered internal

8. Investigator’s Notes – The investigation data must be

9. Case referral report – It serves as endorsement to the

 Participants must write samples of the

(Indicate briefly the date/time, and place of occurrence)

(Brief facts of the Case)

For your information

Republic of the Philippines

COMPLAINANT : (Name, age, nationality, civil status and current address)

a) Subscribed NPS Investigative Data Form

RECEIVED BY: _____________________________

Turned over By: ___________________

Turned over By: ________________

Republic of the Philippines

CASE FOLDER OF

 Sample Request Form for Medico-Legal Examination

 Sample Request Form for Firearms Identification

1. Request conduct Genital Examination of the person ____________________ residing

Republic of the Philippines

Republic of the Philippines

Republic of the Philippines

1. Request conduct medico-legal (semen) examination on the accompanying specimen.

You might also like