Chemistry Form 5

KSSM
8 February 2021
Previous Lesson
 REDOX REACTIONS
1. Transfer of electrons at a distance
2. Conversion of Fe2+ to Fe3+ (Oxidation)
3. Conversion of Fe3+ to Fe2+ (Reduction)
4. Displacement of metal from its salt solution
5. Displacement of halogen from its halide
solution
Homework 1:
Today Lesson
 REDOX REACTIONS
1. Transfer of electrons at a distance
2. Conversion of Fe2+ to Fe3+ (Oxidation)
3. Conversion of Fe3+ to Fe2+ (Reduction)
4. Displacement of metal from its salt solution
5. Displacement of halogen from its halide
solution
Result:
Reactants Observation Inference
Magnesium nitrate
+ Copper plate
Lead(II) nitrate +
Magnesium ribbon
Copper(II) nitrate
+ Zinc strip
Copper(II) nitrate
+ Magnesium
ribbon
Discussion (a):
Reactants Chemical Equation
Magnesium nitrate + Oxidation half
Copper plate equation
Reduction half
equation
Overall ionic
equation
Lead(II) nitrate + Oxidation half
Magnesium ribbon equation
Reduction half
equation
Overall ionic
equation
Discussion (a):
Reactants Chemical Equation
Copper(II) nitrate + Zinc Oxidation half
strip equation
Reduction half
equation
Overall ionic
equation
Copper(II) nitrate + Oxidation half
Magnesium ribbon equation
Reduction half
equation
Overall ionic
equation
Discussion (b)
Reactants Oxidising Reducing Oxidised Reduced
agent agent substance substance
Magnesium
nitrate +
Copper plate
Lead(II)
nitrate +
Magnesium
ribbon
Copper(II)
nitrate + Zinc
strip
Copper(II)
nitrate +
Magnesium
ribbon
Discussion (b)
Reactants Oxidising Reducing Oxidised Reduced
agent agent substance substance
Magnesium
nitrate +
Copper plate
Lead(II) Lead(II) ion Magnesium Magnesium Lead(II)
nitrate +
Magnesium
ribbon
Copper(II) Copper(II) ion Zinc Zinc Copper(II) ion
nitrate + Zinc
strip
Copper(II) Copper(II) ion Magnesium Magnesium Copper(II) ion
nitrate +
Magnesium
ribbon
Discussion (c)- Give reason
Reactants Oxidising Reducing Oxidised Reduced
agent agent substance substance
Magnesium
nitrate +
Copper plate
Lead(II)
nitrate +
Magnesium
ribbon
Copper(II)
nitrate + Zinc
strip
Copper(II)
nitrate +
Magnesium
ribbon
Discussion (c)- Give reason
Reactants Oxidising Reducing Oxidised Reduced
agent agent substance substance
Magnesium
nitrate +
Copper plate
Lead(II) Lead(II) Magnesium Magnesium Lead(II) gains
nitrate + oxidised reduced loses electron//
Magnesium magnesium to lead(ii) to electron//
ribbon magnesium lead// Oxidation
ion// Oxidation number
ON... number decreases
ON... increases from +2 to 0
from 0 to +2

Copper(II) Copper(II) ion Zinc reduced Zinc loses Copper(II) ion

nitrate + Zinc oxidised zinc copper(II) ion electron// gains
strip to zinc ion// to copper// electron//
ON...
ON... ON... ON
Discussion (c)- Give reason
Reactants Oxidising Reducing Oxidised Reduced
agent agent substance substance
Copper(II) Copper(II) ion Magnesium Magnesium Copper(II) ion
nitrate + oxidised reduced loses gains
Magnesium magnesium to copper(II) ion electron// electron//
ribbon magnesium to copper//
ion// ON... ON
ON...
ON...
 Conclusion
Displacement reaction is a redox reaction because the reaction involved:
(1)

(2)
4
Redox Reactions

Displacement of metal from its salt solution

A more electropositive metal can displace a less electropositive

metal from its aqueous salt solution.

A less electropositive metal cannot displace a more

electropositive metal from its aqueous salt solution.

K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb, Cu, Hg, Ag

More electropositive Less electropositive

Examples
Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  2Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)
Mg(s) + CuSO4(aq)  Cu(s) + MgSO4(aq)
Zn(s) + FeSO4(aq)  Fe(s) + ZnSO4(aq)
Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq)  No reaction
Pb(s) + ZnSO4(aq)  No reaction
 4
Redox Reactions

Displacement of metal from its salt solution - continued

Zinc displaces copper metal from copper(II) sulphate

solution.
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq)  Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq)
Half Ionic Equations:
Zn(s)  Zn2+ (aq) + 2e (Oxidation)
Cu2+(aq) + 2e  Cu(s) (Reduction)

Overall Ionic Equation:

Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq)  Cu(s) + Zn2+ (aq)
o.n. 0 +2(blue) 0(brown) +2(Colourless)

Observations

(a) Brown solid is deposited.

(b) The colour of the solution changes from blue to colourless.

(c) The temperature of the mixture increases.

(All displacement reactions are exothermic)
Past Year Question
5 Redox Reactions

Displacement of halogen from its halide salt solution

A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from

its aqueous halide solution. A less reactive halogen cannot displace
a more reactive halogen from its aqueous halide solution.
Chlorine Bromine Iodine

More reactive Less reactive

Identifying halogens
2 cm3 of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) is poured into three separate test tubes.
Chlorine water, bromine water and iodine solution is added to each of the test tube.
The mixture is shaken.
The colour of the carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) layer (bottom layer) is recorded.

Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 is also known as

tetrachloromethane
1. Chlorine dissolves in CCl4 to give a
very pale yellow color.
2. Bromine dissolves in CCl4 to give a
brown colour.
3. Iodine dissolves in CCl4 to give a
purple colour.
 5
Chapter 3 Oxidation And Reduction
Redox Reactions

Displacement of halogen from its halide salt solution - Experiment

• 1 cm3 of aqueous potassium iodide solution, 1 cm 3 of bromine water and 1 cm3

of CCl4 are added into a test tube, labelled A. The mixture is shaken .

• The experiment is repeated by adding 1 cm 3 of aqueous potassium bromide

solution, 1 cm3 of chlorine water and 1 cm3 of CCl4 into another test tube, labelled
B. The mixture is shaken.

Results

Observation in test tube

Test tube
A B

Colour of
Purple Brown
CCl4 layer

Iodine Bromine
Inference
displaced displaced

ITeach – Chemistry Form 5

 Chapter 3 Oxidation And Reduction

5
Redox Reactions

Displacement of halogen from its halide salt solution - Continued

Ionic equations

Br2(aq) + 2I-(aq)  I2(aq) + 2Br-(aq)

o.n 0 -1 0 -1

• Bromine is reduced. Reducing agent are the iodide

ions. Iodide ions are oxidized.

• Oxidising agent is bromine. Iodine dissolves in CCl 4

to give a purple colour.

Cl2(aq) + 2Br-(aq)  Br2(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)

o.n 0 -1 0 -1

• Chlorine is reduced. Reducing agent are the Br - ions.

Bromide ions are oxidized.

• Oxidising agent is Cl2. Bromine dissolves in CCl4 to

give a brown colour.

ITeach – Chemistry Form 5 Past Year Question

The End