QUANTUM COMPUTING – AN

INNOVATIVE EMERGING
TECHNOLOGY
Joseph Butler (20079994)
MSc in Innovative Technology Engineering
Strategic Technology Engineering
Lecturer: Dr. Jim Lawlor

Estimated Time: 6-7 minutes

11 Slides
 OBJECTIVES
• Background – What is Quantum Computing

• State of the Art – Quantum Computing in November 2021

• Quantum vs Classical – How they differ

• Why it is Innovative – How it will change the world

• Future Possibilities – Examples of future innovation

2/11
0:45 – 7:00
 BACKGROUND
What is Quantum Computing?
• Quantum Computing: The study of computational systems which use principles of quantum
physics such as superposition and entanglement for their operations.
• A quantum computer is a computer which obeys the principles of quantum computing.
• Quantum computers use quantum bits (qubits) instead of classical bits.

3/11
1:00 – 7:00
 BACKGROUND – PART 2

Classical: 1 of 2n states 1 bit vs 1 qubit

Quantum: All of 2n states
1 bit: 1 of 2 states
n = Number of bits/qubits 1 qubit: 2 states simultaneously!
4/11
1:30 – 7:00
 STATE OF THE ART
Technology is in infancy, but growth is very rapid – Like computers in 1950s
• Honeywell System Model H1: Quantum Volume 128 in September 2020. 512 in March
2021. 1024 in July 2021. (Honeywell 2020,2021)

The power of a machine grew eightfold in less than a year.

• Quantum Brilliance – First room temperature quantum computer (March, September 2021)
• Current state: Graphics card sized quantum accelerator for PCs.
• Future plans: Accelerators small enough for mobile devices.

Quantum Computers working to empower classical machines

5/11
2:25 – 7:00
 STATE OF THE ART – PART 2
• Global market size $507.1 million in 2019. Projected to reach $64.98 billion in 2030 (P&S
Intelligence, 2019)

• Powerful quantum algorithms exist already – Shor’s Factoring Algorithm

• Can solve certain problems much faster than classical computers (APS, October 2021)

• Quantum computers becoming more reliable and accurate over time

• Quantum computers are better than the sum of their parts (University of Maryland, October 2021)

• Cloud-based services offered to users, academia and business for research

• IBM Quantum Experience, Microsoft Azure, Amazon Bracket
6/11
3:30 – 7:00
 STATE OF THE ART PART 3

7/11
New Speed Metric in November 2021! (IBM) 4:00 – 7:00
 QUANTUM VS CLASSICAL
Quantum Classical
How it’s funded Research, Start-Ups, Large Large Companies, Start-Ups (lesser
Companies extent)
Easy to Build Not Yet Yes
Rate of growth per transistor Exponential 1:1 relationship
Affected by Moore’s Law? No Yes
Error Rates High – Must be kept ultracold Low – Operates at room temp
Best Uses Optimization Problems, Data Everyday Problems – Problems
Analysis, Simulations computers currently solve

8/11
4:50 – 7:00
 WHY IS IT INNOVATIVE?
• Medicine – Reviewing multiple molecules through quantum simulation
• Faster and more effective development of drugs (Roche)

• Finance – Improved financial modelling (IBM /JPMorgan Chase, 2017).

• Lower processing costs + faster transactions.

• Climate Change – Accelerate discovery of C0 2 catalysts (Bobier, et al, 2020)

• Ensure better C02 recycling + produce useful gases (nitrogen, carbon monoxide)

It Opens Doors to New Solutions

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5:30 – 7:00
 FUTURE POSSIBILITIES

Source: Futurebridge Source: Nomura

10/11
6:10 – 7:00
 ANY QUESTIONS?
Thank you for listening to this presentation.

11/11
 FURTHER READING
• Quantum Computing News:
https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/quantum_computers/
• Quantum Computing Enters Stock Markets:
https://www.ft.com/content/72b71d34-5804-4346-a10d-66f583e6300e
• CLOPS – Measuring Speed for Quantum Computers:
https://www.zdnet.com/article/quantum-computing-this-is-how-ibm-is-now-measuring-the-sp
eed-of-its-quantum-processors/
• Quantum Computing Business Ecosystem:
https://research.aimultiple.com/quantum-computing-companies/
 REFERENCES – PART 1
• Honeywell Sets New Record for Quantum Computing Performance. Honeywell. 2021.
https://www.honeywell.com/us/en/news/2021/03/honeywell-sets-new-record-for-quantum-c
omputing-performance
• Honeywell Sets Another Record For Quantum Computing Performance. Honeywell. 2021.
https://www.honeywell.com/us/en/news/2021/07/honeywell-sets-another-record-for-quantu
m-computing-performance
• Quantum Computing Market Research Report: By Offering (Hardware, Software, Service),
Deployment Type (On-Premises, Cloud-Based), Application (Optimization, Simulation and
Data Problems, Sampling, Machine Learning), Technology (Quantum Dots, Trapped Ions,
Quantum Annealing), Industry (BFSI, Aerospace & Defense, Manufacturing, Healthcare, IT
& Telecom, Energy & Utilities). P&S Intelligence. 2020.
 REFERENCES – PART 2
• Quantum Leap for Quantum Primacy. APS. 2021. https://physics.aps.org/articles/v14/147
• Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit. Egan, et al. 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03928-y
• Driving quantum performance: more qubits, higher Quantum Volume, and now a proper
measure of speed. IBM. 2021.
https://research.ibm.com/blog/circuit-layer-operations-per-second
• JPMorgan Chase And Samsung Are Partnering With IBM To Build Business Apps On
Quantum Computers. IBM, JPMorgan Chase. 2017.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexkonrad/2017/12/14/why-companies-like-jpmorgan-chase-a
nd-samsung-are-partnering-with-ibm-in-quantum-computing/?sh=2cf1c4202c4d
 REFERENCES – PART 3
• A Quantum Advantage in Fighting Climate Change. Bobier, et al. BCG. 2020.
https://www.bcg.com/publications/2020/quantum-advantage-fighting-climate-change
• Quantum Computing: Potential Future Domination in Multiple Fields. Futurebridge. 2020.
https://www.futurebridge.com/blog/quantum-computing-potential-future-domination-in-mult
iple-fields/#
• What will be the role of quantum computing in the future of finance?. Nomura. 2019.
https://d1qfwzw6aggd4h.cloudfront.net/about/03626-Quantum-Computing-Whitepaper-v1_
191025_132634.pdf