Mathematics in the

Modern World
“Nature is written in mathematical language.”
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
“Nature is an infinite sphere of which the center is
everywhere and the circumference nowhere.”
Blaise Pascal
Mathematics in Our
World
 Learning Outcomes:
1. Identify patterns in nature and regularities in the world;
2. Articulate the importance of mathematics in one’s life;
3. Argue about the nature of mathematics, what it is, how it is
expressed, represented and used;
 Learning Outcomes:
4. Discuss the role of mathematics in some disciples; and
5. Express appreciation for mathematics as human
endeavor.
Mathematics in Our
World
Patterns in Nature
Patterns and Counting
Correlative
Counting – pattern
Logic
Pattern in nature goes with logic or logical set up.
Regular, repeated, or recurring forms or designs.
Everyday – like layout of the floor tiles, the way we tie our shoelaces and etc.
Patterns and Counting
 Sequential
 Spatial
 Temporal
 Linguistic
 Sequence of the dates
Basic Pattern
 The seven days in a week
 The twelve months in a year
 The regular holidays in a year

 Create a repetition of names or events called regularity.

 Terms:
 Regularity – the same thing always happens in the same circumstances.
 Pattern – discernible regularity in the world ot in man-made design.

 Patterns in Nature – visible regularities of form found in the natural world.

 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves

Regularities in the world states the fact that the

same thing always happens in the same
circumstances.
“We live in a universe of Patterns.”
Ian Stewart (1995)
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Symmetry
 A sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance.
 An object is invariant to any of various transformations
including reflection, rotation or scaling.
 Symmetry
 Line or Bilateral Symmetry
 Rotational Symmetry
 Line or Bilateral
Symmetry
The left and right portions are
exactly the same
Line or Bilateral
 Rotational
Symmetry
If you rotate the figure in several degrees, you
can still achieve the same appearance as the
original.
Rotational
 Rotational
Symmetry
Angle of rotation – smallest angle
that the figure can be rotated
Angle of Rotation
Angle of Rotation
Angle of Rotation
Angle of Rotation
Angle of Rotation
 Order of Rotation
A figure has a rotational symmetry of order n
(n-fold rotation symmetry) if 1/n of complete
turn leaves the figure unchanged.
Order of Rotation
Order of Rotation
Order of Rotation
Order of Rotation
Order of Rotation
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Spiral
 A curve which emanates from a point, moving
farther away as it revolves around the point.
Spiral

Spiral
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Meander
 One of the series of regular sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or
windings in the channel of a river, stream, or other watercourse.
 Produced by a stream or river swinging from side to side as it
follows across its floodplain.
Meander
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 wave
 Disturbance that transfers energy through
matter of space, with little or no associated
mass transport.
wave
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Foam
 Substance formed by trapping pockets of gas in a
liquid or solid.
 Soap foam – suds.
Foam
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Tesselation
 Tiling of a plane using one or more geometric
shapes, with no overlaps and no gaps.
 Variety of geometries.
Tesselation
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Fracture or cracks
 The separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of
stress.
 Develops perpendicular to the surface of displacement - Normal tensile crack
 Develop tangentially to the surface of displacement – Shear crack, slip band or
dislocation.
Fracture or cracks
 Natural Patterns
 Symmetries  Foams
 Trees  Tesselations
 Spirals  Cracks
 Meanders  Stripes
 Waves
 Stripes
 Made by series of bands or strips, often of
the same width and color along the length.
Stripes
 Fractal
 Made by series of bands or strips, often of
the same width and color along the length.
 Affine
Transformations
 Process of rotation, reflection and scaling.
 Patterns and
Regularities In Nature
sunflower

60
Hyena’s spots 61
Snowflakes 62
Snail shell 63
Tiger stripes 64
Honeycombs 65
Activity Time!!!
 Activity 1
1. Go to the garden or park, and start counting leaves and petals. Write the results on this
form:
Plant Name or Description: ___________________________
a. Do the leaves grow in spirals? What is the pattern of the leaves?
b. Are there flowers? What is the arrangement of the petals?
 Activity 1
2. Repeat until the 5th leaves and petals.
3. Make a short video showing the application of mathematics in your
house (inside or outside).
4. Deadline for submission is on Saturday Midnight through Mteams.
Thank you and keep
safe!!!