EL ALFABETO

Aa Bb Cc CHch Dd Ee Ff Gg

Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll LLll Mm Nn Nn

Oo Pp Qq Rr RRrr Ss Tt Uu

Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
LAS VOCALES
• Las vocales son A, E, I, O, U
• The consonant " Y " is also considered a
vowel when it is used alone as a
conjunction, como
• Jose y Maria
• And when it is used at the end of a word,
como....
• Bombay, Rey, convoy, muy
LA PRONUNCIACION DE LAS
CONSONANTES
• The consonant B is pronounced as in Bartolome,
Bernabe, Bilbao, Bonifacio, Burgos.
• The consonant C has two sounds :
- one strong, identical to that of K, when it precedes the
vowels " a ", " o " and " u ", como.... Caridad, cocinero,
cuchara
- and, when it precedes the consonant " l " or " r ",
como Claro, Clemente, Crisostomo, cronico, cruzada
- and, when it is used at the end of a word, como....
Tarlac, Chapultepec, Subic, Ormoc, Taruc
• the other is soft, identical to that of Z and
th ( thin ) when it is found before the
vowels " e " and " i ", como.... Centinela,
cinturon, Ceferino, Cervantes, cigarro,
cigarillo
• The consonant CH is a double letter but
inseparable.
- it cannot be split into C and H
- it has only one sound, como...
champurrado, cheque, chino, chorizo,
chupa
• The consonant D is pronounced as in the
names of Daniel, Defensor, Divino,
Dolores, Duque
• When used at the end of a word or of a
vowel, the consonant D is pronounced,
como.... Caridad, Merced, Valladolid,
Bacolod, virtud
• When the word ends in " d ' or in " ado ",
many persons do not pronounce anymore
the " d ".
• They just pronounce : Madrid as "Madri";
verdad as "verda"; usted as "uste";
abogado s "abogao"; pescado as
"pescao"; juzgado as "juzgao"
• The consonant F is pronounced as in the
names of Fajardo, Felisa, Fidela,
Fortuna, Fundador
• The consonant G has two sounds :
1. Soft
- when it precedes the vowels "a", "o" and
"u", como gabinete, Gorgonia, gusano
- when it precedes the consonant "r" or "l",
como....grammatica, Gregorio, Gliceria, globo,
glutinoso
- when it is used at the end of a word or
syllable, como.... Karagdag, insignia, dogma,
repugnancia
• 2. Strong Guttural
– identical to that of J, when found before the
vowels "e" and "i", como Genoveva,
generoso, gigante
• The consonant H has no phonetical
sound.
• It is not pronounced.
• It is always silent.
• Habana, Hermenegilda, Hidalgo,
Honorio, humano
• The consonant J is pronounced like the
guttural G.

• Jacinto, Jeronimo, jinete, Jolo, Judas

• The consonant K has the sound of the
strong C, como....kilogramo, kilometro,
kiosko
• The consonant K is now used only in
foreign words, como.... Kaiser, Kremlin,
Karagdag, Balintawak, Wack-wack
• The consonant L is pronounced as in the
names of Labrador, Legarda, Lidia,
Lorenzo, Luzon
• The consonant LL is a double letter, but
inseparable.
• It has only sound.
• llamado, lleno, llido, lloron, lluvia
• The consonant M is pronounced as in
Manila, metro, Mirasol, Moreno, mundo
• The consonant N is pronounced as in Natividad,
Nena, nino, Noel, numero
• The consonant N is pronounced as M, before "b",
"v", "m" or "p".
un vaso um vaso
ub barco um barco
inmortal immortal
un peso um peso
San Pedro Sam Pedro
San Pablo Sam Pablo
• The consonant ñ is pronounced as in piña,
piñero, cañita, señora, ceñudo.
• The consonant P is pronounced as in
Pablo, Pepe, Pilar, Polonia, Publico.
• The consonant Q is used with the vowel
"u", only before "e" and "i", in this case it
has the sound of "K", como Quezon,
Quirino.
• The consonant Q is never used before the
vowels "a", "o", "u".
• The consonant R has two sounds :
1. Soft
baraja, berenjena, dirigido, Herodes
viruta
2. Strong
- when it begins a word
- Ramona, Regina, Ricarda, Rosario
Rufina
• The sound of R is also soft when it is used
at the end of a word, como.... cantar,
comer, vivir, amor, Sur
• The consonant RR is a double letter but
inseparable.
• It has only one single sound which is
stronger than the initial R that begins a
word.
• The consonant R never begins or ends a
word.
• It is pronounced as in guerra, guerrero,
guerrilla, perro, arruga.
• The consonant V is pronounced as in
vaca, vecino, Victor, volumen, vulgo.
• In the greater part of Spain and in the
Philippines, the consonant B and V are
pronounced alike.
• The consonant W is used only in foreign
words, as in Washington, Wagner,
Weser, Winternheimer.
• The consonant S is pronounced as in
Santos, senador, Simon, Soriano, Sulu.
• The consonant T is pronounced as in
tarjeta, telefono, Timoteo, Toledo,
Turquia, Nazaret
• The consonant X formerly had two sounds
:
1. Simple and strong, identical to that of J,
as in Roxas, Mexico, Quijote, Xavier
2. Double, similar to that of K or that of G
followed by S, as in Maximo, examen,
Felix
3. Now, it is pronounced only with double
sound.
• The consonant Y is used at the beginning
of a word or syllable and is pronounced as
in yarda, yegua, hoyito, yodo, yugo.
• The consonant Y becomes a vowel when
it is used alone as a conjunction, as in
Jose y Maria and when it ends a word as
in Bombay, Rey, convoy, muy.
• The consonant Z is now used only before
the vowels "a", "o", "u", as in zapatero,
Zodiaco, Zulueta and it has the sound of
"th" in "thin".
• Before "e" and "i", we use C instead of Z,
as in Cervantes, cigarillo, not Zervantes,
zigarillo.
• When the consonant Z is used at the end
of a word, the majority of the Filipinos
pronounce it with the sound of S. Thus,
they pronounce lapiz as lapis, Luz as
Lus, capataz, as capatas. This is
because it is very hard for us Filipinos to
pronounce the ffinal Z with the sound of
"th" in the English "thin".