01

UK- THE GOVERNMENT

AND PARLIAMENT
LECTURE: VO THI ANH NGUYET - FRIDAY AFTERNOON – GROUP 3

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 MEMBERS

Tran Doan Hai My Nguyen Emmy

Nguyen Thi Truc Tien Duong Cat Tuong

Nguyen Thi Thanh Truc Tran Ngoc Xuan Quynh

02
OUTLINE
01 THE GOVERNMENT
- The cabinet
- The Prime Minister
- The civil service
- Local government

02 PARLIAMENT
- The atmosphere of Parliament
- An MP’s life
- Parliament business
- The party system in Parliament
- The house of Lords

03
UK- The Government

04
When the media talk about ‘the government’, they usually mean one of two things. In
one meaning, it refers to all the politicians who run government departments (there are
several politicians in each department) or have other special responsibilities, such as
managing the activities of Parliament.

The other meaning is more limited, it refers only to the most powerful of these
politicians, namely, the Prime Minister and the other members of the cabinet.

The habit of single-party government has helped to establish the tradition known as
collective responsibility, every member shares in responsibility for every policy of the
government.

05
 THE CABINET
- Once a week, the cabinet meets

and takes decisions about new

policies, the implementation of

existing policies and the running of

the various government

departments.

- The Cabinet of the United Kingdom

is the senior decision making body

of the Government of the United

Kingdom.
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THE PRIME MINISTER
- A committee of the Privy Council, it is chaired
by the Prime Minister and its members include
Secretaries of State and other senior ministers.
- The Lord Chancellor, formally the Lord High
Chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest-
ranking among the great officers of state in the
United Kingdom, nominally outranking the
prime minister.
- The Chancellor of the Exchequer lives next
door at No.11, and the Government Chief Whip
at No.12.
- The PM also has an official country residence
to the west of London called Chequers.
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 THE GOVERNMENT

The Prime
Minister
BORRIS JOHNSON Winston Churchill Clement Attlee
Current Prime (1941-1945)
Minister (2019-now) (1951-1955) (1945-1951)

/FACEBOO

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 THE GOVERNMENT

The Prime
Minister
Harold Alec Douglas-
Anthony Eden
Macmillan Home
(1955-1957) (1957-1963) (1963-1964)

09
 THE GOVERNMENT

The Prime
Minister
James
Harold Wilson Edward Heath
(1964- 1970) Callaghan
(1974-1976) (1970-1974) (1976-1979)

10
 THE GOVERNMENT

The Prime
Minister
Margaret
John Major Tony Blair
Thatcher
(1979-1990) (1990- 1997) (1997-2007)

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 THE GOVERNMENT

The Prime
Minister
Gordon David
Theresa May
Brown Cameron
(2007-2010) (2010-2016) (2016-2019)

12
 THE CIVIL SERVICE

• Unlike some other countries, not even the most senior administrative
jobs change hands when a new government comes to power.
• Governments come and go, but the civil service remains.
• For those who belong to it, the British civil service is a career. Its most
senior positions are usually filled by people who have been working in
it for twenty years or more. These people get a high salary, have
absolute job security and stand a good chance of being awarded an
official honour.
• The Civil Service provides services directly to people all over the
country, including:
.• paying benefits and pensions
• running employment services
• running prisons
• issuing driving licences

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 LOCAL GOVERNMENT
• The USA, Canada, and Germany, are federal, they are made up of a
number of states, each of which has its own government with its own
powers to make laws and collect taxes.
• In Britain, it is the other way around. Local government authorities
(‘councils’) only have sowers because the central government has given
them powers.
• The system of local government is essentially the same as it is nationally,
there are elected representatives called councillors, who meet in a
council chamber in the Town Hall or County Hall, where they make policy
which is implemented by local government officers.
• Local councils are allowed to collect one kind of tax. This is known as
council tax. The money collected from this tax is not nearly enough to
provide all the services which the central government has told local
councils to provide. As a result, more than half of a local council's income
is given to it by the central government.
• The trend in the last half century has been towards greater control from
central government. The trend is ironic because ‘devolution’. 14
UK- PARLIAMENT

15
1.How to the Parliament
in Britain activity?

- The same as those of the parliament

in any Western democracy.
 Makes new laws
 Gives authority for the government
to raise and spend money
 Keeps a close eye on government
activities and discusses these
activities.

16
 2. Where does the
British Parliament
work?
- In a large building called the Palace of
Westminster
• It is divided into these two ‘houses’
and its members belong to one or
other of them
• Consist of offices, committee rooms,
restaurants, bars, libraries, and even
some places of residence
• Contains two larger rooms: the House
of Lords and the House of Commons
(MPs) to holds its meetings.
17
3. The Atmosphere of
Parliament
The rulethe
Fourth, at Parliament
room itself is very small,

 According
The Inseating
the past to where they sit, MPs
arrangements:
there isn’t enough room for all the
are
First,
•Second, seen
just
Forbids thetoCommons
two
MPs be
toeither
rows supporting
of benches
has
address no facing
one
the
MPs.
each government
There
other.
special
another byare
place for or against
about
people
name. 650 of it.
to stand This
them,
••when physical
On the division is emphasized by
butMP they
never
there isleft
are of
says
seating the
forpicture
speaking.
‘you’ fewer are the
MPsthan
simply
the table
andonspeak
government
•stand up
All remarks the floor
fromofwhere
benches,
and questions the must
house
wherever the
400.
theybetween
MPs
goare‘through thegoverning
ofsitting
the twochair’.
and
the rows party
MPs of benches
just sitsitdown
•wherever
TheThe
On
-> ReduceSpeaker’s
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heat Chair
of Commons
right are
can
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find
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room.and
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benches
decrease thecontrol and debate
possibility violence
damaged by bomb in 1941,
Third, notice that there are it was
no desks
between
might government and position
breakout.
deliberately
for the MPs. rebuilt according to the
• There are
Today,theynobalances
‘cross-benches’ for
the informal
oldMPs
pattern
aspects 18
 19
AN MP’S LIFE
 From
The day in 2003
the to nowchamber of the House of
main
 Before 20th century
• Most MPs are full-time politicians. If they do
Commons
• MPs were not supposed to be specialist
other job, it is only part-time. MPs would be
politicians
1. Prayers (1minute)
doing their ordinary work or pursuing other
• Just ordinary people who gave some of their
interests Time
2. Question outside Parliament (2003)
(1hour).
time to keeping an eye on the government
• The House also gives itself quite long holidays
3. Miscellaneous
and representing business,
the peoplesuch as a statement
• Modern MP spends more time at work than any
• Bringing their experience of the everyday
from
otheraprofessional
minister (up into the
45 minutes).
country.
world into Parliament
4.• Main
It is an extremely
business (upbusy
to sixlife
andthat leaves
a half little time
hours).
• Were not paid
for pursuing another career.
5.• Adjournment debate
It is thought that only(half
rich an hour).
people The afford
could main
• It does not leave MPs much time for their
to be MPs
business stops and
families either. MPs are allowed
-> Politicians to bring
have a higher up a
rate
of divorce
different than for
matter thegeneral
nationaldiscussion.
average.
 20

PARLIAMENTARY
BUSINESS

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DEF: The basic procedure by which the Commons conducts its business Presentation that is
beautifully designed.
is by debate on a particular proposal, followed by a resolution which
either accepts or rejects the proposal.
Occasionally, there is no need to take a vote.
One side for the ‘Ayes’ (those who agree with the proposal), and the other for
the ‘Noes’ (those who disagree).
Beisde the resolutions of the Commons, there are also the committees.
 21

THE PARTY SYSTEM IN

PARLIAMENT

The system of political parties, which has existed in one form or another
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since at least the 18th century, is an essential element in the working of the Presentation that is
constitution. beautifully designed.
The people whose job is to make sure that MPs vote the way that
their party tells them to are called the Whips. The Whips act as
intermediaries between the backbenchers and the frontbench of a party
In both the Commons and the Lords, Government ministers and Opposition
shadow ministers sit on the front benches and are known as 'frontbenchers'.
MPs and Members of the Lords who do not hold ministerial positions sit
towards the back of the Chamber and are known as 'backbenchers'.
THE HOUSE
OF LORDS The House of Lords is the second chamber

AnUK
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action and investigating
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make policy.
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This was achieved by the 1999 House of
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religious
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The Act reduced membership from 1,330 to
purposes.
669 mainly life peers.
22
REFERENCES
Driscoll Britain for
01 learners ebook

02 Google images and

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s-design.com

23
Thank You
FOR YOUR ATTENTION