Anti-Tussive &

Mucolytics
MACP 1213
 OBJEKT
IF
• Menerangkan definisi dan
tindakan ubat ‘anti-tussive
dan mucolytics’.
• Menerangkan kesan
sampingan ubat.
• Menyatakan contoh, dos dan
cara pemberian ubat.
• Menyatakan indikasi dan
kontraindikasi ubat.
• Menyatakan nasihat yang
relevan semasa penggunaan/
pemberian ubat.
Upper Respiratory Infection

• Is a most common affliction of

humans.
• Drugs used to treat discomfort
associated with URI includes:
– Antitussives
– Mucolytics
– Expectorants
Antitussives
 Antitussive
• Ubat yang digunakan untuk
melegakan batuk.
• Kebanyakan antitussive
digabungkan dengan ubat lain
(anti-histamine atau
expectorant).
 Tindakan
• Centrally acting antitussives:
– Suppress the cough center
located in the medulla
• Peripherally acting
antitussives:
– Decrease cough by
anesthetizing stretch receptors
in the respiratory passage.
Types of Antitussives

• Narcotic
• Non-narcotics
 Contoh ubat Anti-
tussives narcotics

• Codeine Phosphate
(Linctus Codeine)
 1. Codeine Phosphate
(Linctus Codeine)
Category: B

Indication
• Suppress dry or painful cough
• Note: Elakkan pengambilan bersama
alkohol.
 Dose
• Adult:
– 5-10ml tid PO
• Peads:
– (dilute 1 part to 3 parts of syrup)
– < 1 yr: 2.5ml tid PO
– 1-5 yrs: 2.5-5ml tid PO
– 6-12 yrs: 5-10ml tid PO
 Kesan sampingan
• Sedation
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Dizziness
• Constipation
• CNS depression
 Contraindication

• Allergic to Codeine
• Physical dependency on
opioid analgesics
 Cautious

• Pregnancy
• Lactation
• Respiratory depression
• Hepatic/ renal dysfunction
 Interactions

• Other CNS depressants &

alcohol
• Additive CNS depressant
effects
Contoh ubat Anti-tussive
non-narcotics

• Dextromethorphan Hbr
(Robitussin)
• Diphenhydramine HCI +
Expectorant (Benadryl
Expectorant)
1. Dextromethorphan HBr
(Robitussin)
Category: B

Indication
• Control of non-productive
cough
 Dose
• Adult & peads > 12 yrs:
– 10-30mg q 4-8 hr PO
– Do not exceed 120mg/d
• Peads 6-12 yrs:
– 5-10mg q 1-4 hr PO
– Do not exceed 60mg/d
Kesan sampingan
• Sedation
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Constipation
• Nausea
• GI upset
• Skin eruption
 Contraindication
• Allergic to drug
• Sensitive to bromide

Cautious
• Pregnancy
• Lactation
 Interactions
• MAOIs
• Hypotension, fever, nausea,
jerking (leg) & coma
2. Diphenhydramine HCI
(Benadryl Expectorant)
Category: C

Indication
• Control of non-productive
cough
• Allergic rhinitis
 Dose

• Adult & > 12 yrs:

– 5-10ml bid-tid PO

• Peads < 12 yrs:

– 2.5-5ml bid-tid PO
 Kesan Sampingan
• Drowsiness
• Sedation & Dizziness
• GI upset
• Dry mouth, nose & throat
• Photosensitivity
• Hypotension
• Headache
 Contraindication

• Allergic to drugs
• Pregnancy
• Lactation
 Interactions

• Hypnotic, sedative &

tranquilizers
• Additive CNS depressant
effects
 Pengawasan

• Jangan memandu atau

mengendalikan mesin
• Elakan pengambilan alkohol
bersama ubat actifed
 Soalan
1. Berikan definisi Antitussives?
2. Senaraikan jenis-jenis
Antitusives dan terangkan cara
tindakan Anti-Antitussives?
3. Senaraikan ubat Antitussives?
4. Nyatakan kesan sampingan dan
kontraindikasi ubat
Antitussives?
Mucolytics
 Mucolytics

• Ubat yang digunakan untuk

mencairkan mukus (loosen
respiratory secretions).
 Tindakan

• Reduce the viscosity

(thickness) of respiratory
secretions by direct action on
the mucus.
 Contoh ubat

• Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
• Bromhexine HCl (Bisolvon)
 1. Acetylcysteine
(Mucomyst)
Category: A*

Indication

• Reduce viscosity of mucus

in respiratory tract.
 Dose
• Adults:
– 10ml of 20% solution or 2-
20ml of 10% solution q 2-6
hr (Nebulization)
 Kesan sampingan

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Fever
• Drowsiness
• Irritation of trachea &
bronchi
Contraindication
• Allergic to drug

Interactions
• Not found
2. Bromhexine HCl
(Bisolvon)

Category: C
 Indication

• Tracheobronchitis
• Emphysema with bronchitis
• Chronic pulmonary
inflammation
 Dose
• Adults & peads > 12 yrs:
– 10ml tds PO
• Peads 6-12 yrs:
– 5ml tds PO
• Peads 2-6 yrs:
– 2.5ml tds PO
• Peads 2-6 yrs:
– 1.25ml tds PO
Kesan sampingan

• GI disturbance
– Nausea
– Vomiting
– Diarrhea
 Contraindication
• Allergic to drug

Interactions
• Oral Anti-coagulant
Expectorants
 Expectorants

• Drug that aids in raising thick,

tenacious mucus from the
respiratory tract.
 Tindakan

• Increase the production of

respiratory secretion, which in
turn appears to decrease the
viscosity of the mucus
• This helps to raise secretions
from the respiratory tract.
 Contoh ubat

• Terpin hydrate
 2. Terpin hydrate
Category: B

Indication
• Symptomatic relief of
dry, nonproductive
cough.
 Dose

• Adults:
– 85-170mg tid/ qid
PO
Kesan sampingan

• Drowsiness
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain
Contraindication
• Allergic to drug
• Pregnancy

Interactions
• Not found
 Soalan
1. Berikan definisi Mucolytics &
Expectorants?
2. Terangkan cara tindakan
Mucolytics & Expectorants?
3. Senaraikan ubat Mucolytics &
Expectorants?
4. Nyatakan kesan sampingan &
kontraindikasi ubat Mucolytics
& Expectorants?