Conditional

Probability
Presented by: Mitziyori Celoso
Grade 10- St. Lorenzo Ruiz
Conditional Probability
Here’s what you’ll find out in this lesson:

1. WHAT IS CONDITIONAL PROBABILITY

2. NOTATION
3. EXAMPLES AND FORMULA
What is Conditional Probability
01 02
The probability of something Where two events A and
B are dependent
given that someone else has
occurred.

03
Is calculated by multiplying the probability of the
preceding event by the updated probability of the
succeeding or conditional event.
NOTATION
CONDITIONAL PROBABILITY
FORMULA
For any two events A and B with P(B) > 0, the conditional
probability of A given that B has occurred is defined by.

●  
P =
 
P =
 EXAMPLE # 1:
1. ● The
  probability of rain on a certain day and Tom being absent is 0.3. The probability
of rain is 0.4. What is the probability that Tom is absent, given that it rains?

Given:

Event A ( probability of rain on a certain day)= 0.4

Event A(The probability of rain on a certain day and Tom being absent)= 0.3

Solution: P =
=
P = 0.75
 EXAMPLE # 2:
2.●A Mathematical
  teacher gave her class 2 tests. 25% of the class passed both tests
and 42% of the class passed the first test. What percent of those who passed the first
test also passed the second test?

Given:

P (A) (Ist test)= 42% P Ist test and2nd test= 25%

Solution: P =
=
= 0. 5952 (100%)

P = 59.52%
 EXAMPLE # 3:
3. Consider the following contingency table.
RIGHT HANDED LEFT TOTAL
HANDED
Male 0.41 0.08 0.49
Female 0.45 0.06 0.51
Total 0.86 0.14 1

Find the probability that a randomly selected person is:

a. A male given that she is right- handed.
b. Right- handed given that she is a male.
c. A female given that she is left- handed.
d. Are the events being a female and being a left- handed independent? Justify
 RIGHT HANDED LEFT TOTAL
HANDED
Male 0.41 0.08 0.49
Female 0.45 0.06 0.51
Total 0.86 0.14 1

  A male given that she is right handed:

a.   Right handed given that she is a male:
b.
P= P=
= =
P = 0.48 P = 0.84
 RIGHT HANDED LEFT TOTAL
HANDED
Male 0.41 0.08 0.49
Female 0.45 0.06 0.51
Total 0.86 0.14 1

  A female given that she is left handed:

c.   Are the events being a female and being
d.
P= left- handed independent? Justify:
=
P = 0. 43
P = 0.43 P (F) = 0.51

Therefore, F and L are not independent

Thankyou for listening 