“TYPES OF

POLYNOMIAL
FUNCTION”

MS. JOAN S. MARJES

 Polynomial Function is
classified according to its
 
degree:

Degree 0: f(x) = k Constant function

Degree 1: f(x)= ax + b Linear Function
Degree 2: f(x) + a+bx + c Quadratic
Function
 Constant
Function
A constant function is a function whose graph is a
horizontal line or a line that is always parallel to the
x-axis. If the graph coincides with the x-axis, then it is
a zero polynomial function.

The domain of a constant function is the set of all

real numbers while the range is f(x) = k
 Example:

Graph the following functions:

a. f(x) = 3
b. f(x) = -5
c. f(x) = 0
 Linear Function

Linear function is a first degree function. The

function can be written in the slope intercept form
y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-
intercept. The domain and range are both real
numbers. The graph is a line whose x-intercept is at
(a, 0) and the y-intercept is at (0, b). If the graph of
the line rises to the right then it has a positive slope
otherwise the slope is negative.
 Example:

Graph the following linear functions.

Determine the slope and x and y intercept.
a. f(x) = 3x + 3
b. f(x) = -x + 4
 Quadratic
  A
Function
function of degree 2 is called a quadratic
function. Its graph is a parabola that may either
open upward or downward. The parabola may or
may not have x-intercept.
In quadratic function if a is a positive, the
parabola opens upward and if a is negative, it opens
downward. The turning point of the parabola is
called the vertex. The line that passes through the
vertex and divides the graph equally is called the axis
of symmetry. The equation of the axis of symmetry
is x = h.
 Quadratic
 
Function
The domain of quadratic function is the set of real
numbers, {x/x Є R}, read as “set of all x such that x is
an element of real numbers.” The range is
{y/y } , read as “set of all y such that y is greater or
equal to k,” if and only if the graph opens upward or
the value of a is positive. The range is {y/y k}, if and
only if the parabola opens downward or a is
negative.
 Quadratic
 
Function

Equation of Graph
 Example:
The graph of a quadratic function is shown
below. Determine the following by observing
the graph.
a. Vertex
b. Axis of Symmetry
c. x-intercept
d. y-intercept
e. Domain and Range
f. Equation of the graph
 Solution:
 

a. The vertex of the parabola is at (3, 1)

b. The axis of symmetry is x = 3
c. There is/are no x-intercept(s)
d. The y-intercept is at (0, 10)
e. The domain D: {x/x R}. The range R:{y/y }
 

f. To find the equation, use the form

. Take any point from the graph, then solve for a.
Use the y-intercept (0, 10) and the
vertex (h, k) = (3, 1) to solve for a.

10
10 = a(9) + 1
9 = 9a
a=1
Therefore, the function is or
 Example:
 

Given the function

Without graphing, determine the following:
a. Opening of the Graph
b. Vertex
c. Axis of symmetry
d. x- and y-intercepts
e. Domain and range
 Solution:
 

a. Since the value of a is positive, the graph opens

upward.
b. Vertex (h, k), the vertex is at
Solve for h and k
h=
k=
c. Axis of symmetry is x = h =
 

d. Solve for x-intercept

Use quadratic formula
a = 2, b = 1, c = -3

The x-intercept are

 Solution:
 

e. Domain and Range

D = {x/x }
since the value of k= and the graph is opens upward.
 Example:
 

Given the function

Without graphing, determine the following:
a. Opening of the Graph
b. Vertex
c. Axis of symmetry
d. x- and y-intercepts
e. Domain and range
 Polynomial
Function

A function with degree greater than 2 is generally

called polynomial function of degree n, where n is a
positive integer. A polynomial function of degree n
may intersect the x-axis at most n times and has at
most (n-1) number of turning points. The value of x
where the graph crosses the x-axis is called zeros of
the function.
 Example:
Given the function
 

a. What is the degree of the polynomial?

b. How many possible zeros does the polynomial
have?
c. How many turning points does the polynomial
have?
d. Find the zeros or the x-intercept of the graph.
e. Find the y-intercept.
 Example:
 
Given the function

a. What is the degree of the polynomial?

- The product of the factors of is
The highest exponent is 3, thus the degree of the
polynomial is 3.
b. How many possible zeros does the polynomial
have?
- Since the degree of the polynomial is 3, there are
3 possible zeros or x-intercepts.
 Example:
 

Given the function

c. Find the zeros or the x-intercept of the graph.

- To find the zeros of the function, let

The zeros of the function are -2, 1, and 3.

The x-intercept is also -2, 1, and 3
 Example:
 
Given the function

a. Find the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is at (0, 6).

- In other words, the y-intercept is the constant
term of the polynomial function.
 Math of Life
ADD Jesus to your Life (Romans 10:9-10)
MULTIPLY your good deeds
(2 Corinthians 10:8)
DIVIDE your blessings with others
(2 Corinthians 9:11)
SUBTRACT all your fears
(1 Peter 5:7)
EQUALS a wonderful Life
(Psalms 16:11)
Thank you for
Listening
GOD BLESS 