CS Principle Overview

Standardization of WCDMA--3GPP

3GPP Release 5
(ALL IP)

ETSI TC SMG
3GPP Release 4
T1P1

ARIB 3GPP Release 3 business

2001 & 2002
TTC (Release 1999)
TTA

CWTS

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
1998 1999 2000 2001
WCDMA R99 System Structure

PSTN

CS PS 3G
GMSC
MSC
GGS
N
CN
H
HLR

MSC
SGSN

Gb Iu-CS Iu-PS
A

GSM Access WCDMAUTR

AN
MSC Function
Call  Call Process 、 Number Translate 、 Route Select
Process  EC 、 AMR Voice Process

Security  Authentication 、 Ciphering 、 Integrity Protect

 TMSI Reallocation

Security
VLR  Subscriber Data Management
 Location Update 、 MSRN/HON Allocation

MM  Location Update 、 Hand Over 、 Roaming

 Register

CDR  CDR Collect

 Saving 、 Format 、 Relay
HLR/AuC Function

Subscriber CAMEL Authentication MM

Data Subscription

CAMEL Subscriber Location

Basic
O_CSI Authentication Update
Service
T_CSI Data Route
Location
SS_CSI Update
Hand
Over
R99 CN CS Signal Interface

SMC SCP HLR

MAP CAP MAP

MSC NO.7 MSC

TUP/ISUP

RANAP RANAP

RNS RNS
WCDMA R4 System Structure
PSTN/IS
DN 2G NET R-SGW

T-SGW

CS
UMTS
PS
GMSC CN
GGSN
Server
GMGW H
HLR

MSC
Server SGSN
MGW

A Iu-CS
Gb Iu-PS

GSM Access WCDMA UTRAN

WCDMA R4 System Structure

Layered Core network architecture

Control is separated from media transport & transcoding
Application Service Capability Application
Servers
Service plane

SGSN SCP
Traditional SCS HLR
AUC EIR
MSC
BICC GMSC
MSC
server
server

H.248

H.248
Control Plane ISDN/PSTN

Transport Network
UTRAN Media STM / ATM / IP Media
BTS Gateway Gateway
RNC
BTS Internet
GGSN
Intranets
Control signaling User Data Plane
User data (media)
WCDMA R4 Characters
 The evolution to all-IP step by step in WCDMA network
 The main difference happens in CS Domain; in PS, it is all
the same
 The separation of control and Bearer: MSC to MGW&MSC
Server
 IP transfer of Signal: SG was introduced
 R4 new interface ：
 Mc ： MSC Server ～ MGW ， H.248 protocol
 Nb ： MGW ～ MGW
ATM Bearer ， AAL2
IP Bearer ， RTP
 Nc ： MSC Server ～ MSC Server ， BICC protocol
MSC SERVER Function

NO.7
 Call Control Function

SGW  Signal Interface and Process

GMSC
 VLR Function
MSC
Server Server
 Bear Control: 3G expanded H.248
Nc  Call Control signal: BICC
Mc Mc  MGW Management( Register,
Nb R99/GSM status maintain)
UTRAN / PSTN

MGW MGW
GMSC SERVER Function

NO.7

SGW

MSC GMSC
Server Server  GMSC Signal process
Nc  Send Routing Information
Mc Mc  GMGW Control: H248
Nb R99/GSM
UTRAN / PSTN  BICC and ISUP Inter working
MGW MGW
MGW Function

 Media Bearer establish,

release
NO.7
 receive control from MGC:
H248
SGW  Media convert
 Media resource
MSC GMSC (Tone/TC/DTMF/Conference)
Server Server  Multi-Bearer (AAL2/ATM,

Nc
TDM ， RTP/UDP/IP)

Mc Mc
Nb R99/GSM
UTRAN / PSTN

MGW MGW
SGW Function

NO.7
 Conversion of Signal
SGW and Protocol (SIGTRAN
M3UA /SCTP/IP <=> SS7
MSC GMSC
Server Server MTP3/2/1)
 embedded SGW (SG
Nc
was embedded in the
Mc Mc MGW chassis or MSC
Nb R99/GSM
UTRAN / PSTN
Server chassis)
MGW MGW
R4 CN CS Signal
HLR SCP
SMC

MAP MAP CAP

MM&Service
Radio Access
Call Signal between
switch
RANAP MSC server MSC server
RNS BICC/TUP/ISUP
BSSAP
BSS

H.248 H.248 MG Control/

Bearer Control
MGW MGW
ALCAP/IPBCP
Bearer Control
R4 Analyze

 Thought of NGN
Advantages  Layer structure
 IP transfer: a flattened structure
 Brings high increase for operator

 Experience on operation
Challenges
 Qos on IP network
The Evolution from R4 to R5
R4 CN R5 CN in earlier R5 CN in later
stage stage

PSTN Internet PSTN Internet

Internet

IMS
MGCF
HLR CSCF IMS
HSS
IM-MGW MGCF CSCF
IM-MGW
GMSC
MGW
Server GGSN GMSC MGW HSS
Server GGSN GGSN
MSC MGW SGSN
Server MSC SGSN
MGW SGSN
Server

CS PS PS
CS PS

RNS RNS RNS

WCDMA R5 System Structure
IMS CSCF
No.7
SGW
IMS-
MGW
PSTN
MGCF

CS PS
GMSC
Server GGS
GMG N
W HSS

MSC

MGW Server SGSN

WCDMA UTRAN
CSCF （ Call State Control Function ） entity
 CSCF （ Call State Control Function ） entity
CSCF

Function
Logical
 ICGW(Incoming
ICGW(Incomingcall
callgateway)
gateway)

 CCF
CCF(Call
(CallControl
ControlFunction)
Function)

 SPD
SPD(Serving
(ServingProfile
ProfileDatabase)
Database)

 AH(Address
AH(AddressHanding)
Handing)
MGCF （ Media Gateway Control Function ） entity

 MGCF （ Media Gateway Control

Function ） entity
MGCF

Function
Logical
 SIP
SIPUA
UA

 Conversion
ConversionBetween
BetweenSIP
SIP&&BICC/ISUP
BICC/ISUP

 MGW
MGWControl
Control
The Evolution from R99 to R4

SCP HLR SCP HLR

CAP Over MAP Over

CAP Over TDM MAP Over TDM TDM/IP TDM/IP

MSC TUP/ISUP/BICC MSC

Server TDM/ATM/IP Server
TUP/ISUP H.248 Over
MSC MSC H.248 Over
TDM ATM/IP ATM/IP
TDM/ATM/IP
MGW MGW

RNS RNS RNS RNS RNS RNS

The Evolution from R4 to R5
R4 CN R5 CN in earlier R5 CN in later
stage stage

PSTN Internet PSTN Internet

Internet

IMS
MGCF
HLR CSCF IMS
HSS
IM-MGW MGCF CSCF
IM-MGW
GMSC
MGW
Server GGSN GMSC MGW HSS
Server GGSN GGSN
MSC MGW SGSN
Server MSC SGSN
MGW SGSN
Server

CS PS PS
CS PS

RNS RNS RNS

 The Evolution of CN
R99 MMSC
R4 OMC MMSC
R5 OMC
MMSC OMC
Billing Server Billing
Billing Server SCP SCP
SCP Server
GMLC HLR GMLC HSS
GMLC HLR

MSC GMSC MSC

server GMSC
server server server CSCF MGCF

GMSC MSC SGSN GGSN IMS

CS PS MGW MGW SGSN GGSN

MGW MGW SGSN GGSN
CS PS
CS PS

RNS RNS
BSS BSS RNS
BSS

CN based on GSM Control and bearer are IP are introduced

and GPRS MMS separated in CS to CS and RNS

WCDMA migrates towards ALL IP

Future Network

Service Layer H323 HLR DB AAA ISP

Control Layer IP Core Network

Bearer Layer MGW GGSN IPGW V-GW SGSN

PSTN/Internet
Wireless Access WCDMA
Accessing Layer
Trend of telecommunication network

What can
we find ?
Trend of telecommunication network!
Layer Separation (Bearer/Control/Service) with the trend of
NGN!

All-IP evolution according with the trend of NGN!

NGN- Evolution……
 Birth of NGN (Next Generation Network) – moral
of the story:
 “ Packet Switching infrastructure is the best for multiple
media of varying bit rates”
From technology-driven to service-driven

 Tele.
Tele.Market
Marketisisapproaching
approachingfull-development,
full-development,traditional
traditionalservice
serviceisis
comingup
coming upto
tosaturation,
saturation,especially
especiallytone
toneservice
service

 Tele.
Tele.Technology
Technologyhas
hasbeen
beendeveloped
developedrapidly,
rapidly,access
accesssolution
solutionand
and
bandwidthno
bandwidth nolonger
longerbecome
becomethe
thebottleneck
bottleneckofofthe
theservice
service

 Huge
Hugeamount
amountof ofinvestment
investmentinin“Tele.
“Tele.bubble”
bubble”resulted
resultedininaalow
lowresource
resource
utilizationefficiency,
utilization efficiency, overall
overallnetwork
networkdevelopment
developmenthashasslow
slowdown
down
recently
recently

 Big-scale
Big-scalenetwork
networkdevelopment
developmentisisdecided
decidedby
byits
itsservice
serviceapplication
application

 Direction
Directionof offuture
futurenetwork
networkisisdecided
decidedby
byits
itsservice
serviceapplication
application––ITU
ITU––TT
‘s‘sdefinition
definitionfor
forNGN,
NGN,B3G’s
B3G’sdiscussion
discussionon
onservice
servicerequirements
requirements

 Old
Oldtele.
tele.Network,
Network,huge
hugeamount
amountof
ofunused
unusedresource
resourcerequire
requirenew
newservice
service
application
application
Network Evolution to NGN
Today: Several separate networks Tomorrow: One unified network (NGN)
Appl
OA&M
Server
Internet
Call Call Control
Control

Evolution
PSTN Core Packet Network

CATV Internet PLMN

PSTN
CATV

PLMN

Converged Voice , Data and Video Services