CLASSIFYING ROCKS

INTO IGNEOUS,
SEDIMNETARY AND
METAMORPHIC
LESSON 6
OBJECTIVES

 Define and describe rocks

 Introduce
and describe the igneous,
metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.

 Cite
some examples of rocks and classify
them according to their characteristics
ROCKS

 Naturally-occurring
aggregates or
conglomerates of minerals

 Petrology: branch of science that studies

rocks
IGNEOUS ROCKS

 Rocks
that cooled and crystallized from
molten magma

 May form beneath on or above the surface

of the Earth.
IGNEOUS ROCKS

 INTRUSIVE- formed deep within the Earth,

characterized by large crystals

 EXTRUSIVE- formed at the surface of the

Earth, characterized by fine-grained
crystals.
IGNEOUS ROCKS
IGNEOUS ROCKS
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Rocks formed form:
Sediments
Deposition of eroded particles of other
rocks
Precipitation of minerals from water
 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

TYPES
 Clastic- debris formed from
mechanical weathering
 Chemical- precipitated dissolved
minerals from a solution
 Organic- aggregates of plants or
animal debris
 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

CLASTIC
Conglomerate
Contains chemical cements which
bind pebbles and rocks together

Products of strong water current

 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

CHEMICAL
Rock Salt
Product of evaporation of
seawater or saline lakes

Also known as halite

 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
ORGANIC/CHEMICAL
Limestone
Composed mainly of calcium
carbonate
Organic: accumulation of shells

and corals
Chemical: precipitation of calcium
carbonate from ocean.
 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

ORGANIC
Coal
From plant debris
Combustible rock
Often used as fossil fuel for

Electricity generation.
METAMORPHIC ROCKS

 Heat, pressure or chemically rocks

 Modification happens deep below the Earth’s

surface

 Modification
affects the texture, mineral and
chemical compositions.
METAMORPHIC ROCKS

 Foliated Metamorphic Rocks

Show layer or bands due to heat
exposure and direct pressure
 Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rocks
Show no layers nor bands
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
METAMORPHIC ROCKS