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    The Civil Rights Movement began in the 1950s with key events and Supreme Court cases like Brown v. Board of Education, the murder of Emmett Till, and the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The movement gained momentum throughout the 1960s with non-violent protests like sit-ins and Freedom Rides to challenge segregation laws. Major civil rights groups like the SCLC and SNCC organized and led these protests. By 1964, the movement achieved some legislative victories with the passage of the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act, which outlawed segregation and discrimination. However, resistance from Southern states remained.

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    The Civil Rights Movement began in the 1950s with key events and Supreme Court cases like Brown v. Board of Education, the murder of Emmett Till, and the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The movement gained momentum throughout the 1960s with non-violent protests like sit-ins and Freedom Rides to challenge segregation laws. Major civil rights groups like the SCLC and SNCC organized and led these protests. By 1964, the movement achieved some legislative victories with the passage of the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act, which outlawed segregation and discrimination. However, resistance from Southern states remained.

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    42 views10 pages

    Civil Rights Movement

    Uploaded by

    jaimedalrymple05
    The Civil Rights Movement began in the 1950s with key events and Supreme Court cases like Brown v. Board of Education, the murder of Emmett Till, and the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The movement gained momentum throughout the 1960s with non-violent protests like sit-ins and Freedom Rides to challenge segregation laws. Major civil rights groups like the SCLC and SNCC organized and led these protests. By 1964, the movement achieved some legislative victories with the passage of the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act, which outlawed segregation and discrimination. However, resistance from Southern states remained.

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    Civil Rights Movement

    HST 210: The US Experience


    Beginnings of the Movement

    • Brown V. Board (1954)


    • Emmett Till (1955)
    • Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-1956)
    • Sit-Ins (1960)
    • Freedom Rides (1961)
    • Freedom Summer (1964)
     
    Brown V. Board (1954)

    • school desegregation, voting, integration, interracial


    marriage
     
    • "separate is inherently unequal"
    Emmett Till

    August 1955
    • Chicago teen visiting relatives in Mississippi
     
    • accused of flirting with a white woman
     
    • beaten and killed by woman's husband and associates
     
    • killed because he did not beg for mercy 
     
    • not guilty verdict at the trial
    Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)
    • one of most successful
    o large scale action
    o lasted over a year
    o launched Martin Luther King into national spotlight
    o non-violent direct action
    o achieved the goal of desegregated buses
    • Conditions leading up to boycott
    o pay at front, enter though back
    o stand at back of the bus despite open seats
    o abusive white bus drivers
    • December 1, 1955 - Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat
    to white man and is arrested
    • Dec 5, 1955 boycott begins
    • white businesses lose money, car poolers attacked 
    • Dec 21, 1956 - boycott ends  - integrated
    Sit -Ins
    • college students start paticpating
    • Jan 31, 1960 - Greensboro - local Woolworth's Sit In
    • spilled over into other businesses
    • "don't buy where you can't eat"
    • endured violence 
    • non-violent response
    • police arrested only protesters
    • helped break down segregation
    • older generation thought it might be too fast and tried to
    discourage these tactics
    Freedom Rides (1961)
    • May 1961
    • Integrated bus es from DC to New Orleans
    • forced government action 
    • gov't sent reinforcements
    • used as a testing tool to stir up emotions and support for
    desegregation
    Freedom Summer (1964)

    • college students (mostly from north) go down to south to


    help with voter registration
    • intimidation and violence from local whites
    Major Groups

    CORE Congress of Racial Equality


    • college students

    SCLC Southern Christian Leadership Coalition


    • Martin Luther King, Jr.

    SNCC Student Non-Violent Co-Coordinating Committee


    • Ella Baker
    Legislation

    Civil Rights Act 1964


        1963 - Kennedy approaches congress with the proposal
        Summer 1963 - March on Washington "I have a dream"
        Jan 1964 - it passed - voting, public segregation, education
        Federal Community Relations Service
        Equal Employment Commission

    Voting Rights Act 1965


        Lyndon Johnson attacked southern resistance to AfAm vote
        passed quickly
        federal examines could be sent to register voters
        250, 000 new AfAm votes registered by the end of 1965

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