Tower Anatomy

 Peak - supports G.W

 Cage - b/w peak & tower body
 Cross Arm - Support
Conductor/G.W
 Boom – supports power
conductors (horizontal)
 Tower body – main portion,
connects cage/boom to
foundation/(leg/body )
extensions
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 Bracings
 Provided for interconnecting the legs
 To afford desired slenderness ratio for economical tower design
 Framing angle b/w bracings & main leg members shall not be <
15 degree
 Patterns are
a) Single web system
b) Double web or warren system
c) Pratt system
d) Portal system
e) Diamond Bracing system
f) Multiple Bracing System

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 1.Struts are 1.Tension diagonal 1.Shear carried by
designed in give eff.support to diagonal member(t)
compression & compression one @ 2.Large deflection
Diagonals in tension pt of connections under heavy loads
2.NARROW BASE 2.Used in both large 3.Unequal shears at
3.66Kv single circuit and small towers top of four stubs for
design

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1.1half of Horizontal 1. Similar to waran 1.Increse in strenght
member in T & system reducing member
another C 2.Horizontal sizes
2.Advantageous to member carry no 2.Increase in No.of
use it in BOTTOM primary loads bolts, fabrication &
panel designed as erection cost,
3.Extensions & redundant supports 3.Overal reduction
Heavy river crossing in Wt & cost of steel

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  Body Extension
Tower Extension  Leg Extension

Body Extension

Used to Increase the height of tower to obtain the reqd min Ground clearance & over
road crossings, river crossings, ground obstacles
Body extensions upto 7.5m height in steps 2.5m can be used & thus form a part of
standard tower
Extensions having greater heights (25m) the suitability is checked by reducing span
length and angle of deviation. Practice in tower industry is also to specify negative body
extension (portion of tower body is truncated)

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 Leg Extension
Tower Leg extensions are required when the tower was spotted in the undulated
surface / Hilly terrain.
While spotting the tower locations in hilly areas requires more benching or revetment
or both are involved , but suitable hill side (leg extensions) can be used to minimize
benching or revetment or both.
Two types of Leg extension :
i) Universal leg extension
ii) Individual leg extension

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 Types of Tower
1) Type of Insulator 5) No. of Circuits
• Suspension • Single Circuit
• Tension/Dead end • Double Circuit
• Transposition • Multi-Circuit
2) Type of Support 6) Deviation Angle.
• Self Supporting • Ranges from 0 to 90 deg.
• Guyed
3) Shape at the base
• Square
• Rectangle
4) kV Rating.
• Ranges from 33 to 1200
kV
• HVDC

EDRC-TL Design R.SARAVANAN, PGET, L&T UAE

Vertical Configuration Horizontal Configuration
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Suspension Tower Tension Tower
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Guy Towers

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Conductor Configuration

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