Introduction to lab diagnosis of fungi

General Properties of Fungi

Are fungi closer to Plants or Animals
Differences between fungi and
bacteria
Yeast vs. Molds
Nutritional Adaptations of Fungi
Two morphological forms
Yeast
Yeast
Yeast
Mould
Mould
Mould
Mould
Mould
Chlamydospores
Chlamydospores
 Arthrospores

Dermatophytes are a common label for a group of fungus of

 Arthrodermataceae that commonly causes skin disease in animals and
humans.Traditionally, these anamorphic (asexual or imperfect fungi) mold
genera are: Microsporum, Epidermophyton and Trichophyton.
Reproduction
 Sexual spore

ZYGOSPORES
Asexual spores
Morphological classification
Morphological classification
Morphological classification
Phaeoid fungi
Systemic classification
Zygomecetes

Rhizopus
Ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes
Pathogenic classification
Fungal diseases
Classification of Mycoses
Transmission
 Lab. dg of fungal infection
• Microscopy
• Cultivation
• Biochemical characteristics
• Genomic tests
• Proteomic analysis

https://youtu.be/YHY7hob8DMI
Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections, 17 min.
Lab diagnosis of fungal infections
Lab diagnosis of fungal infections
Lab diagnosis of fungal infections
Lab diagnosis of fungal infections
Lab diagnosis of fungal infections
Growth characteristics useful for
identification of fungi
Identification
https://youtu.be/ot-4CB1y4W4

https://youtu.be/OMIF1Elr9i4

https://youtu.be/duNktChMxWw

https://youtu.be/vNqioD6oN_U
Rapid tests
 AUXACOLOR
PRINCIPLE OF THE TEST

The AUXACOLORTM 2 kit is an identification system based on the principle of sugar

assimilation. The growth of yeasts is visualised by the colour change of a pH indicator.
The kit also includes 3 enzyme tests, including a test for detection of the
phenoloxidase activity of Cryptococcus neoformans
 The Auxacolor kit comprises
• a negative control to facilitate interpretation of the sugar assimilation
results (blue well).
• 13 sugar assimilation results, corresponding to the following sugars:
- glucose (GLU.) : positive control
- maltose (MAL.) - cellobiose (CEL.)
- sucrose (SAC.) - trehalose (TRE.)
- galactose (GAL.) - adonitol (ADO.)
- lactose (LAC.) - melezitose (MEL.)
- raffinose (RAF.) - xylose (XYL.)
- inositol (INO.) - arabinose (ARA.

Reading of the results

The definitive reading should be taken after 48 hours. Even though a first reading after 24 hours may give a correct score and
allow certain yeasts to be identified, definitive interpretation should be made after 48 hours.
If a Cryptococcus infection is suspected, the definitive reading should be made after 72 hours given the slow growth of these
microorganisms.
Interpretation of results
Guide for interpretation of results
Interpretation of results
Scoring methodology
 Final identification
• based on a combination of the biochemical tests and complementary
criteria (morphological and metabolic)
Introduction
Clinical features
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
2. Vulvovaginal (genital) candidiasis
3. Invasive candidiasis (candidemia)
Laboratory diagnosis
Laboratory diagnosis
Laboratory diagnosis
Laboratory diagnosis
Treatment