STORAGE

HEADWORKS
NOVENO, PATRICIA HILLARY L.
 STORAGE HEADWORK
• When dam is constructed across a river to form a storage
reservoir, it is known as storage head work. It stores water
during the period of excess supplies in the river and
releases it when demand overtakes the available supplies.
What is the purpose of a
dam?

A dam is a large, man-made structure built to contain

some body of water. In addition to construction for the
purpose of producing hydroelectric power, dams are
created to control river flow and regulate flooding.
 Based on the functions of dam, it
can be classified as follows:

• Storage
Storage dams dams Detention
Storage dams
Diversion
Coffer • Dams
Diversion Diversion
dams dams Coffer Dams
Debris Dams
Dams dams
- Debris
They areDams
Detention Dams to store water during the rainy season
constructed
-when • an
It is Detention
there is a large
enclosure dams
flow in thearound
constructed river. Storage dams may site
the construction also
-provide
A diversion dam is constructed for theforpurpose of
A•debris
Debris
a
to- Detention
exclude water
dam
water dams
supply,
damsso or
that improved
is constructed
the habitat
to retain
construction
are constructed can fish
debris
for flood be and wildlife.
such
done
control.in A
diverting
They
dry. may water
store ofthus
water
A cofferdam is the
for river into andam
hydroelectric
a temporary off-taking
power canalfor(or a
generation,
constructed
as •
conduit).
sand,
detention
Coffer
facilitating
gravel,
dam
They
and drift
retards
dams
provide
irrigation orconstruction.
for a flood control
thewood
flow flowing
sufficient
project.
A coffer pressure
dam isStorage
in the
in the river
for
usuallydams
on river
its
pushing
are the most
constructed
with water. The
downstream water
during after
floods bypassing
storing over
someaflood
debris
water.
water
on the into
common ditches,
type of dams
upstream canals,
andmain
of the ordam
other
in general conveyance
thedivert
to dam means systems.
water ainto
storage
a
damunless
dam is relatively
diversion qualified
tunnel
clear.
otherwise.
(or channel) during the construction of the
dam.
 Based on structure and design,
dams canknown
Wawa Dam (also be classified as follows:
as Montalban Dam) is a gravity
dam constructed over the Marikina River in the municipality of
Rodriguez in Rizal province, Philippines. It used to be the only source
1.of Gravity Dams
water for Manila until Angat Dam was built and Wawa was
Aabandoned
gravity indam
1968.is a massive sized dam fabricated from concrete or
stone masonry. They are designed to hold back large volumes of
water. By using concrete, the weight of the dam is actually able to
resist the horizontal thrust of water pushing against it. This is why
it is called a gravity dam. Gravity essentially holds the dam down
 Ipo Dam
to the ground, stopping water from toppling is a gravity concrete dam
it over.
located about 7.5 kilometres downstream
of the Angat Dam near its confluence with
Example of Gravity Dam: Wawa Dam & Ipo Dam
the Ipo River in Bulacan.
 Based on structure and design,
dams can be classified as follows:
2. Arch Dam

 An arch dam is curved in plan, with its convexity towards the
upstream side. An arch dam transfers the water pressure and other
forces mainly to the abutments by arch action.
Buhisan Dam is a dam located in Buhisan, Cebu
City, Philippines. It is one of the main source of water for
Cebu City and Metro Cebu. Part of Central Cebu
Protected Landscape, Buhisan Dam is situated in the
Example of Earth Dam: Buhisan
mountainsDamof Barangay Buhisan behind Labangon, Cebu.
 Based on structure and design,
dams can be classified as follows:
3. Rockfill Dams

A rockfill dam is built of rock fragments and boulders of large size. An

impervious membrane is placed
to reduce the seepage through
made of cement concrete or
dams, steel and timber membrane
obsolete.
Magat Dam is a large rock-fill dam in the island
on the
of Luzon in rockfill on
the Philippines. Thethe
damupstream
is on the Magatside
River, a major tributary of Cagayan River. Construction of
the dam. The membrane is usually
the dam started in 1975 and was completed in 1982.
Magatasphaltic
Dam is one concrete. In early
of the largest dams rockfill It
in the Philippines.
is a multi-purpose dam which is used primarily for
were also used, but now they are
irrigating about 85,000 hectares (210,000 acres) of
agricultural lands, flood control, and power generation
through the Magat Hydroelectric Power Plant.

Example of Earth Dam: Magat Dam

 Based on structure and design,
Pantabangan Dam is an earth-fill embankment dam on
the Pampanga River located in Pantabangan in Nueva
dams can be classified as follows:
Ecija province of the Philippines. The multi-purpose dam
provides water for irrigation and hydroelectric power
generation while its reservoir, Pantabangan Lake, affords
4. Earth
flood control.Dams

An earth dam is made of earth (or soil) built up by

compacting successive layers of earth, using the most
impervious materials to form a core and placing more
permeable substances on the upstream and
downstream sides.

Example of Earth Dam: Pantabangan Dam

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