FUNDAMENTAL

GYMNASTIC
GROUP 1
Objectives:
● Appreciate the meaning of symmetrical and asymmetrical
movement while the body is in motion.

● Conform to exact movements to standards in the

execution of gymnastics task.

● Develop self-confidence in their activities and

performance.
GYMNASTICS
GYMNASTICS
●The sport gymnastics, which derives its names from the
ancient Greek word for disciplinary exercises, combines
physical skills such as body control, coordination,
dexterity, gracefulness, and strength with tumbling and
acrobatic skills, all perform in an artistic manner.

●Gymnastics is performed by both men and women at many

levels, from local clubs and schools to colleges and
universities, and elite national and international
competitions.
THE HISTORY OF GYMNASTIC
● Gymnastics was introduced in early Greek civilization to
facilitate bodily movement through a series of exercises that
include running, jumping, swimming, throwing, wrestling and
weight lifting.
● Many basic gymnastics events were practiced in some form
before the introduction by the Greeks of gymnazein, literally,
"to exercise naked".
● Physical fitness was a highly valued attribute in a ancient
Greece, and both men and women participated in Vigorous
gymnastics exercises.
● The Romans, after conquering Greece, developed the activities
into a more formal sport, and they used gymnastics to
physically prepare their legions for warfare. With the decline
of the Rome, however, interest in gymnastics dwindled.
MODERN GYMNASTIC
In 1774, a Prussian, Johann Bernhard Basedow, included
physical exercises with other form of instructions at
his high school in Dessau, Saxony. With this action
began the modernization of gymnastics,
and also thrust the Germanic countries
into the forefront in the sport.

In the late 1700s, Friedrich Ludwig Jahn

of Germany developed the side bar, the horizontal

bar, the parallel bars, the balance beam, and
jumping events. He more than anyone else, is
considered the "father of modern gymnastics”.
MODERN GYMNASTIC
● Gymnastics flourished in Germany in the 1880s. While in Sweden a more
graceful form of the sport, stressing rhythmic movements was developed by
Guts Muth.
● The opening (1811) of Jahn's school in Berlin, to promote his version of
the sport, was followed by the formation of many clubs in Europe and later
in England.
● The sport was introduced to the United States by Dr. Dudley Allen Sargent,
who taught gymnastics in several U.S.universities about the time of the
Civil War, and was credited with inventing more than 30 pieces of
apparatus. Most of the growth of gymnastics in the United States centered
on the activities of European immigrants, who introduced the sport in
their new cities in the 1880s.
● Clubs were formed as Turnverein and Sokol groups, and gymnastics were
often referred to as "turners".
● Modern gymnastics excluded some traditional events, such as weight lifting
and wrestling, and emphasized form rather than personal rivalry.
MODERN COMPETITION
● Men’s gymnastics was on the schedule of the first modern OLYMPIC GAMES in
1896, and is has been on the Olympic agenda continually since 1924.
● Olympic gymnastic competition for women began in 1936 with anal-around
competition, and in 1952 competition for the separate events was added.
● In the early Olympic competition, Competition the dominant male gymnasts
were from Germany, Sweden, Italy, and Switzerland, the countries where
the sport first developed.
● But by the 1950’s Japan, the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries
began to produce the leading male and female gymnasts.
● Modern gymnastics gained considerable popularity because of the
performance of Olga KORBUT of the Soviet Union in the 1972 Olympics, and
Nadia COMANECI of Romania in the OLympics.
● The widespread television coverage of these dramatic performance gave the
sport the publicity that it locked in the past.
● Many countries other than the traditional mainstays of the time the USSR,
Japan, East and West Germany, and other Eastern European nations began to
promote gymnastics, particularly for women; among these countries were
China and United States.
PHASES OF GYMNASTICS
● As a classroom subject:
1. Gymnastics in fancy marching
2. Freehand exercise or calisthenics
3. Stunts / tumbling and pyramid building
4. Exercise with the use of light apparatus
5. Exercise with the use of heavy apparatus
PHASES OF GYMNASTICS
●As sports:
- Gymnastics earned a spot in the first summer Olympic
games in 1896 and has been an Olympic sport ever since. When
the US military brought gymnastics training to America in the
late 1800s, the sport quickly caught on as a popular mental
and physical exercise among the civilian middle and upper
classes.
- The artistic gymnastics is divided into women’s and
men’s gymnastics.
WOMEN’S ARTISTICS GYMNASTIC
● Women's Artistic Gymnastics is an incredibly challenging
sport, demanding strength, power, flexibility, agility,
courage, and a combination of technical precision and
artistic creativity.
● It has the most participants and is generally the most
well known of the types of gymnastics. It is also one of
the first tickets to sell out at the olympic games.
● The competition program of women's artistic gymnastics
includes the vaulting table, the uneven bars, the beam,
and the floor.
WOMEN’S ARTISTICS GYMNASTIC

Events and Apparatus

● Women compete on four events: vault, uneven bars, balance beam
and floor exercise
● Floor exercise - gymnastics event in which movements are
performed on the floor in an area 12 metres (40 feet) square.
This area is covered by some type of cloth or mat, usually with
some cushioning. It is usually accompanied with music.
● Balance Beam - gymnastics apparatus used in women’s
competition. It is a wooden beam 5 metres (16.4 feet) long, 10
cm (4 inches) wide, and raised 125 cm (4.1 feet) from the
floor. The performer begins the exercise by mounting the beam
by either a vault or a jump and executes movements that must
include steps, running, jumps, turns, sitting positions, and
some held, or posed, positions. The duration of the exercise is
70 to 90 seconds.
WOMEN’S ARTISTICS GYMNASTIC
Events and Apparatus
● Vault - is a 20m sprint to the vaulting table springing onto and
off the hands and landing perfectly on the other side.Vaulting
table is a slightly-inclined, metal piece of equipment with a
padded and springy cover. For men, it is set at a height of 4
feet 5 inches (135 cm), while for women it's set at 4 feet 3
inches (125 cm).
● Uneven Bars - are two bars set apart at different heights, so
the gymnast can move from bar to bar. They are made of a steel
frame and fiberglass with wood coating. The gymnasts must
complete bar routines that was designed by her or by her coach.
WOMEN’S ARTISTICS GYMNASTIC
WOMEN’S ARTISTICS GYMNASTIC
MEN’S GYMNASTIC
● Men's Gymnastics is a fun and safe energy outlet
for boys of all ages, with a focus on strength
and discipline. By developing mobility,
endurance, flexibility, and coordination over six
different apparatuses, any young thrill-seeker
will gain confidence and put their skills to the
test. Men's Gymnastics is a fun and safe energy
outlet for boys of all ages with a focus on
strength and discipline.
MEN’S GYMNASTIC
Events and Apparatus
● Men compete on six events Floor Exercise, Pommel Horse, Still Rings,
Vault, Parallel Bars, and Horizontal Bar
● Floor exercise- The 12x12 meter spring floor area allows the gymnast
to reach incredible heights following a series of explosive and
powerful acrobatic and tumbling skills.
● Pommel Horse- Standing 1.15 metres from the floor, the pommel horse
is one of the hardest pieces of men’s apparatus to master.A good
pommel horse routine will demonstrate smooth continuous circular and
pendulum type swings, double leg circles and scissor movements.
● Parallel Bars- The parallel bars stand 2.00 metres from floor and
‘bend’ under the gymnasts weight to provide for some complex
combinations of skills seen both above and below the bars.
MEN’S GYMNASTIC

Events and Apparatus

● Vault- Imagine charging 25 meters towards a 1.35 metre vaulting
table, springing from the top and landing within a set of
parallel lines on the other side.
● Rings- to master the rings a gymnast needs incredible strength,
balance and body tension. Suspended 2.80 metres from the floor,
there is little room for error. 　
● Horizontal (High) Bar- Perhaps the most spectacular of the
men’s apparatus, the horizontal bar stands 2.80 metres from
floor and sees the gymnast turn multiple swinging circles,
daring release and catch elements and tightly wound up
dismounts.
MEN’S GYMNASTIC
MEN’S GYMNASTIC
RHYTHMIC GYMNASTIC

● Gymnasts perform jumps, tosses, leaps, and other moves

with different apparatus. This is currently a female-
only sport in Olympics.

RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS EVENTS

AND APPARATUS
● Floor Exercise, Rope, Hoop, Balls, Clubs, and Ribbons.
FLOOR EXERCISE
Performed on a floor mat measuring about 42.5 feet
by 42.5 feet. It is not the same as the floor
exercise mat used in artistic gymnastic. It
doesn’t have the same amount of spring or padding
to it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ic7RNS4Dfo
FLOOR EXERCISE
ROPE
Made out of hemp or synthetic material, and
is proportional to the size of the gymnast.
Look for swings, wraps, figure-eight type
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KerlGXpbEio

movements etc.
ROPE
HOOP
Made out of plastic or metal, and is
31-35 inches in its diameter. Rolls,
high tosses catches of the hoop, spins,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cB21akeRqjY

and passes through and over the hoop

will all be executed by the gymnast.
HOOP
BALL
●It is made from rubber or synthetic
materials.

●It is about 7-7.8 inches in diameter.

●Very bright-colored balls are not allowed ,

and the only pattern permitted on the ball
is a geometric one.

●The athletes will perform body waves, throws

and catches, balances, and bouncing and
rolling of the ball.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8
V3xx4Hn48
BALL
CLUBS
●Clubs are made from wood or synthetic material.

●Weight about 5.2 ounces each.

●The two clubs are equal length, about 16-20 inches

long.

●Circles (the clubs swing parallel to each other)

and mills (the clubs swing opposite to each
other), throws and catches with the clubs as a
unit and with the clubs separately, and rhythmical
tapping are all skills in a club routine.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=XasosFU8FLA
CLUBS
RIBBONS
● A single strip, made od satin or non-starched
material, attached to stick made of wood or
synthetic materials.

● The ribbon is about 6.5 yards long, and 1.5-2.3

inches wide.

● The stick is 19.5-23.4 inches long and only .4

inches wide.

● The gymnasts will create all sorts of patterns

with the ribbon, including spirals, circles,
snakes and figure-eights. She’ll also throw and
catch the ribbon .

● It must always stay in motion throughout the

entire routine. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=cJTSIYmROBI
RIBBONS
Thank You
for
Listening!