Fetal Development and

Pregnancy Care

GROUP :

JORA KUMALA PUTRI (B20005)

MARLIANA INDI RAHMAWATI (B20007)
NADIA DWI WAHYUNI (B20010)
FARADILA LUKITA PRAMESYA (B20014)
Fetal Development Material
The development of the baby in the womb begins after fertilization occurs. Self-fertilization
generally occurs two weeks after the date of your last menstrual period.

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 First Trimester
In the 3rd week of pregnancy, the fertilized egg will begin to develop and form a sac that contains the fetus
(embryo) and the placenta.
By the end of the 4th week, the fetal heart tube is in place and can beat up to 65 times per minute. By the end of
the first month of pregnancy, the fetus is 0.6 cm long, smaller than a grain of rice.
At Week 6, a face with large circles for the eyes, nose, mouth, ears and lower jaw and throat has begun to form.
The fetus has begun to look curved like the letter C.
At Week 7, the fetus is starting to form hands and feet, and the uterus has now doubled in size.
In the 8th to 10th week of gestation, the fetus has successfully passed a critical period of organ and body
structure development, has measured almost 3 cm in length, is more mobile, and looks more like a human.
At weeks 11 to 13, the baby's brain will develop rapidly, his kidneys begin to excrete urine and his fingers can
clench like fists.

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 Second Trimester
Entering the second trimester, the risk of miscarriage will usually also decrease, because your womb is getting stronger and
continues to grow. The weight of the baby in the womb has reached 42 grams with a length of 9 cm.
His bones and skull hardened and his hearing increased as well. You may feel a kick and a pounding heart, and you may be able to
see various expressions on an ultrasound examination.
At the 14th to 15th week, his sense of taste is formed and he has begun to be able to detect light.
At the 16th to 18th week, the baby will experience a growth spurt and his genitals are well formed so that they can be seen during
an ultrasound examination.
At week 19, the baby in the womb can already hear your voice. Entering the 20th week, the baby will swallow more and produce
feces or meconium.
At weeks 21 to 22, babies are very active and increasingly look like little humans. Babies have also started growing eyebrows and
hair at the age of 25 weeks, and their weight is increasing because they already have fat.
At the 26th week, the baby can start to inhale and expel the placental fluid (amniotic fluid) which is a good sign, because then he is
also practicing to breathe.
By the 27th week, the baby in your womb can open and close his eyes, suck his fingers, and even hiccup.

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 Third Trimester
Entering the third trimester, the baby's weight can reach 1 kg with growing muscles and lungs. His head continues to grow
to follow the development of nerve cells in his brain. His wrinkled skin became smoother as his body fat continued to
grow.
He can blink, his eyelashes and nails are growing, and he has more hair. In this final trimester, the baby will gain more
weight, so that the overall can reach about 3 kg with a length of 48 cm.
By the 31st to 33rd weeks, your baby's kicks will be stronger and you may start having false contractions. An enlarged
uterus can cause heartburn and shortness of breath.
At week 34, the central nervous system and lungs will be more mature and movement is not as frequent or as intense as
before. The baby in the womb will descend further into the pelvic area at 36 weeks as the due date approaches.
At week 37, you will experience more frequent vaginal discharge and contractions. During pregnancy, you are advised to
be aware of the symptoms of a condition called preeclampsia, which is a pregnancy complication characterized by
increased blood pressure, protein in the urine, and swelling in the legs.Your water will probably break at 39 weeks. If this
happens, it means you are about to enter labor. Immediately contact your doctor, midwife, or hospital where you plan to
give birth for help.

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Pregnancy Care Material
 Overcoming various complaints during
pregnancy
The following are some tips that pregnant women can do to overcome complaints and physical changes during
early pregnancy:
1. To relieve symptoms of nausea and vomiting, pregnant women can eat small portions but more often. In
addition, drinking water and getting plenty of rest can also overcome the feeling of weakness during early
pregnancy.
2. In order to prevent constipation during early pregnancy, increase the consumption of fiber and fluids. Light
exercise also aids digestion.
3. To overcome frequent urination, limit the consumption of coffee, tea, and soda because they can increase urine
production and make you urinate frequently. In addition, it is important for pregnant women not to hold their
urine, because it can weaken the pelvic floor muscles.
4. To avoid dizziness, avoid standing for too long and do not change body position suddenly. When you want to
get up from a lying position, do it slowly by tilting your body first.

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 Live a healthy lifestyle

1. One of the risk factors that can trigger miscarriage, premature birth, and placental disorders is an unhealthy
lifestyle, such as smoking and consuming alcoholic beverages during pregnancy. Some studies have even
linked smoking with cleft lip conditions in infants.
2. Meanwhile, consumption of alcoholic beverages can also increase the risk of low birth weight and
developmental disorders, and trigger hyperactive behavior in children later.
3. Limiting caffeine intake during pregnancy is also important to reduce the risk of miscarriage and other
problems in pregnancy.

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 Controlling emotional state

Hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy make pregnant women more emotional. This makes the mood
unstable, sometimes happy and sometimes restless.

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 Controlling eStrengthen relationship with
partnermotional state

1. Pregnancy is a good time to increase your intimacy with your partner. Be honest about your needs, concerns,
problems, and hopes.
2. Ask your partner to do the same. Discussing these things is known to strengthen the sense of togetherness as a
couple.

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 Be aware of the danger signs of pregnancy

The appearance of spots or light bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy is a common condition. However,
be aware of excessive bleeding accompanied by pain in the abdomen.

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 Check with your midwife or doctor

It is important to have regular pregnancy check-ups with your midwife or obstetrician.

At the first visit, the doctor or midwife will usually check the health condition of the pregnant woman and
determine the gestational age.  

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Thanks!

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