Project Work By Group No-1

MFM -1st Year Part Time -2nd Semester

1.Roll No-1001
2.Roll No-1009
3.Roll No-1017
4.Roll No-1025
MMM -1st Year Part Time -2nd Semester
5.Roll No-1003
6.Roll No-1011
7.Roll No-1019
 Project Work By Group No-1
Subject : Production Management
Topic : Materials Handling
Professor -in- charge : Prof. Bawa
 Introduction
• In any industrial organization, production is a
process by which ,raw materials and other
inputs are converted into finished products.

• Production may be used synonymously with

manufacturing.

• Manufacturing is the process of producing only

tangible goods.
 Introduction
• Materials Handling is the movement, storage,
control and protection of materials, goods and
products throughout the process of
manufacturing, distribution, consumption and
disposal.

• The focus is on the methods, mechanical

equipment, systems and related controls used
to achieve these functions.
 Industrial Mezzanine, Forklift And
Pallet Racks
Industrial Mezzanine Forklift Pallet Racks
 Types Of Materials Handled
• Many types of materials of various size ,
shapes and specific features are used. viz.,
– Raw materials
– Purchased components
– Materials-in-process(i.e. semi-finished goods)
– Finished Goods
– Packaging materials maintenance and repair supplies
– Scrap and waste
– Rejects or rework
 Definition Of Materials Handling
• Materials handling is defined as the art and
science of moving, packaging and storing of
substances in any form. It includes
– Creation of time and place utility.
– Movement and storage of materials at lowest
possible cost through the use of proper methods
and equipments.
 Definition Of Materials Handling
• Materials handling may also be defined as

– Art and science of conveying, elevating,

positioning, transporting, packaging and storing of
materials.
– Lifting, shifting and placing of materials which
effect a saving in money , time and place.
 Importance Of Materials Handling
• Efficient materials handling is important to
manufacturing operations
– Materials sent by vendor has to be unloaded
– Moved through inspections
– To production operations
– Then to the stores and
– Finally to the shipping department
Importance Of Materials Handling
Unloaded Inspection To production To shipping
Material department department
 Importance Of Materials Handling
• Materials handling is a subset of Plant Layout.
They enhances the effectiveness of each
other.
– A good Plant Layout enables an operation to use
the most efficient handling.
– Efficient operations of appropriate materials
handling method reduces costs and enables
maximum capabilities to be derived from
production facility.
 Objective Of Materials Handling
– Reduce number of materials handling .
– Reduce cost of materials handling equipment.
– Reduce the distances through which materials are
handled.
– Lower unit handling cost.
– Reduction in manufacturing cycle time through
faster movement of materials and reduce the
distance through which materials is moved.Thus
reducing work-in-progress inventory costs.

Contd….
 Objective Of Materials Handling
– Contribution towards a better control of the flow
of materials.
– Improve working conditions and greater safety in
movements of materials.
– Contribute to better quality by avoiding damages.
– Increased storage capacity through better
utilization of storage areas.
– Higher productivity at lower manufacturing costs.
 Materials Handling Principles
• Principle Of Planning
All Handling activities should be planned.

• Systems Principle
Plan a system integrating as many Handling
activities as is possible and coordinating the full
scope of operations (receiving, storage, production,
inspection packaging, warehousing, shipping, and
transportation).
 Materials Handling Principles
• Principle Of Materials Flow
Plan an operation sequence and equipment
arrangement to optimize materials flow.

• Principle Of Simplification
Reduce, combine, or eliminate unnecessary
movements and /or equipment.
 Materials Handling Principles
• Principle Of Gravity
Utilize gravity to move materials whenever
practicable.

• Principle Of Space Utilization

Make optimum utilization of building cube.
 Materials Handling Principles
• Principle Of Safety
Provide for safe handling methods and
equipment.

• Principle Of Unit-size
Increase quantity, size, weight of load handled.
 Materials Handling Principles
• Principle Of Mechanization
Use mechanized or automated handling
equipment when practicable.

• Principle Of Equipment Selection

In selecting Handling equipment, consider all
aspects of the materials to be handled, the move
to be made, and the Method's to be utilized.
 Materials Handling Costs
• Materials handling costs arises from two sources
– The costs of owning and maintaining equipment.
– The cost of operating the system.

• Every effort should be made to reduce materials

handling cost as
– They do not add value to a product.
– Product will not be worth more simply because it was
moved but it will cost more.
 Materials Handling Costs
• Three fundamental ways of minimizing the
costs
– Eliminating the handling itself.
– Mechanizing , largely by conveyors & power driven
trucks making the necessary handling more
efficient.
– To have a record maintained for handling costs.
Organization For Materials Handling
• Materials handling requires a carefully
planned organized structure.
• Emphasis depends upon the amount of
handling required.
• A separate department must be developed to
study procedures & devise better materials
handling techniques.
• Materials handling should be centralized.
 Unit Load Concept
• A unit load is a number of items , or bulk
materials , so arranged that the mass can be
picked up and moved as a single object.

• In grouping materials into units , many

companies use skids or pallets so that
mechanical trucks can be employed to lift and
move the unit thus saving time ,cost and floor
space.
 Factors Affecting The Selection Of
Materials Handling Equipment
• Production Problem Factors
– Volume of production
– Class of Materials handled
– The layout of plant and building facilities
 Factors Affecting The Selection Of
Materials Handling Equipment
• Equipment Factors

– Adaptability – Space requirement

– Flexibility – Supervision
– Load capacity requirements
– Power – Ease of maintenance
– Speed – Environment
– Cost
 Factors Affecting The Selection Of
Materials Handling Equipment
• Human factors

– Capabilities of available manpower

– Safety of personnel
 Types Of Materials Handling
Systems
1.Equipment Oriented Systems
a) Overhead systems
b) Conveyor systems
c) Tractor-transfer systems
d) Fork-lift truck and pallet truck systems
e) Industrial truck systems
f) Underground systems
 Equipment Oriented Systems
a) Overhead Systems b) Conveyor Systems c) Tractor-transfer Systems

d) Fork-lift & pallet truck e) Industrial truck Systems f) Underground Systems

Systems
 Types Of Materials Handling
Systems
2. Materials Oriented Systems
a) Unit handling systems
b) Bulk handling systems
c) Liquid handling systems

3. Method Oriented Systems

a) Manual systems
b) Mechanized or automated systems
c) Job-shop handling systems
d) Mass-production handling systems
 Types Of Materials Handling
Systems
4. Function Oriented Systems
a) Transportation systems
b) Conveying systems
c) Transferring systems
d) Elevating systems
Selection And Designing Of Handling
Systems
• Identification of appropriate systems
• Review of design criteria and objectives of the
handling systems
• Collection of data regarding flow pattern and
flow requirements
• Identification of activity relationship between
departments
• Determination of space requirements and
establishments of materials flow pattern
Selection And Designing Of Handling
Systems
• Analysis of materials and building
characteristics
• Preliminary selection of basic handling system
and generation of alternative systems
• Evaluation of alternatives
• Selection of best suited alternatives system
• Procurement of the equipment and
installation of the system
 Types Of Materials Handling
Equipment
• Conveyers -These are gravity powered
devices, commonly used for moving loads
from one point to another over fixed paths
– Belt conveyor
– Chain conveyor
– Roller conveyor
– Pneumatic conveyor
 Types Of Materials Handling
Equipment
• Cranes , Elevators and Hoists
– Overhead devices used for moving varying
loads between points within an area, fixed
by supporting and binding rails
– Primarily used when the materials must be
lifted prior to being moved from one point
to another
 Types Of Materials Handling
Equipment
• Industrial trucks
Used for moving mixed or uniform loads
intermittently over variable paths .
Examples
– Fork-lift truck
– Pallet trucks
– Tractors with trailers
– Power trolleys
 Types Of Materials Handling
Equipment
• Auxiliary equipments
These devices or attachments used with
handling equipment to make their use more
effective and versatile.
Examples
– Ramps
– Positioners
– Pallets
– Containers
– Turn tables
 Types Of Materials Handling
Systems
• Miscellaneous handling equipments
Examples
– Pipelines
– Automatic transfer devices
– Automated guided vehicle(AGV)systems
– Industrial robots
 Summary
• Materials handling Systems is one of the basic
components of any manufacturing system.

• Materials handling requires systematic

recording, critical review and overseeing of all
related activities to eliminate as many
unnecessary movements as possible.
 Summary
• The main objectives of materials handling are to
prevent damage and improve productivity.

• Generally, materials handling is considered an

important activity along all the links of the
supply chain, which include production,
distribution, storage and retail. Minimizing the
complexity of handling operations can increase
productivity and cut costs.
 References
Books referred
Production And Operations Management
By
K. Aswathappa
K. Shridhara Bhat
Materials Handling Equipments
By
N. Rudenko
Various Internet Sites referred
Thank You
&
All The Best