Biomedical Waste

Management
Isha Thaker
Roll No. 142
 Learning Objectives
• Biomedical waste definition
• Disposal techniques
• Category Wise Waste management
• Color codes for Waste Management

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 Biomedical Waste
• Wastes that are generated during the
laboratory diagnosis , treatment or
immunization of human beings or animals or in
research activities pertaining thereto, or in the
production of biologicals.

• Biomedical waste carries a higher potential for

infection and injury, therefore it’s systematic
disposal is essential.
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 BIOMEDICAL WASTE DISPOSAL
TECHNIQUES
No. Treatment Disposal method Advantages Disadvantages

1 Incineration High significant Emission of

temperature, reduction in atmospheric
dry oxidation weight of waste, pollutants,
Very high Periodic removal
disinfection of soot and dust,
property Inefficiency in
removing
cytotoxics

2 Chemical Chemical are Highly efficient Requires highly

disinfection added to kill or disinfection qualified
inactive under good technicians,
pathogens operating Uses Hazardous
condition substances

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3 Wet and Dry Wet: Exposure of Environmentally Requires qualified
thermal shredded infectious sound relatively technicians, shredders
treatment waste to high low Investment are subject to
temperature, high qnd operating frequent breakdown
pressure steam. cost and poor functioning
Dry: also called screw
feed technology, non-
burn , Dry thermal
disinfection process,
waste is processed and
heated in rotating auger

4 Microwave Most micro-organisms Good disinfection Relatively high

Irradiation are destroyed, water efficiency Under investment, potential
heated and Infectious appropriate Operational and
components destroyed operating maintenance problem
by waves of 2450 MHz condition, drastic
frequency and 12.24 nm reduction in
wavelength. weight,
environmentally
sound

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5 Land Disposal Sanitary landfills must have Low cost, Safe only if
4 advantages: Geological Relatively safe if access to site
isolation of waste from the access to site is is limited and
environment, Appropriate restricted and Certain
engineering Preparation , where natural precautions
Staff present on site to infilteration is are taken.
control operations, limited
Organized deposits and
daily coverage of waste.

6 Inertization Mixing waste with cement Relatively Not

and other Substances inexpensive applicable to
before Disposal to minimize infectious
the risk of toxic substances waste

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 Biomedical Waste Disposal Techniques
Cat Name Waste Disposal treatment
ego
ry
1 Human anatomical waste Human tissues, organs, body Incineration/ deep
parts burial

2 Animal waste Animal tissues, organs, body Incineration/ deep

parts, bleeding parts, fluids, burial
blood

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 4 Microbiology and bio- Laboratory cultures, Autoclaving/
technology waste specimens of micro- microwaving
organisms

5 Waste sharps Needles, syringes, blades, Disinfection

glasses, etc. chemical treatment/
autoclaving/
microwaving and
mutilation shredding

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 5 Discarded medicine and Outdated, Incineration/ disposal in
cytotoxic drugs contaminated and secured landfills
discarded
medicines

6 Solid waste Items Incineration/ autoclaving/

contaminated microwaving
with blood, and
fluid including
cotton, dressing,
plaster casts

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 7 Solid waste Tubings, catheters, Chemical treatment/
intravenous sets autoclaving/ microwaving/
mutilation shredding

8 Liquid waste Waste generated Disinfection by chemical

from laboratory and treatment and discharge into
washing, cleaning, drain
house-keeping

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 9 Incineration ash Ash from incineration Disposal in municipal landfill
of any bio-medical
waste

10 Chemical Chemicals used in Chemical treatment and

production of discharge into drains for
biologicals, liquids and secured landfill for
disinfection, as solids
insecticides

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Color codes for Waste Management
iincinerdcgnnbhytrfygjgjh

Incineration/ Autoclaving/ Autoclaving/ Disposal in

deep burial microwaving/ microwaving/ secured landfill
chemical chemical
treatment treatment and
destruction/
shredding
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References
• K. Park
• Internet
 Thank You!

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