CONSTRUCTION

WASTE RECYCLING

Nitin Sakla 80
Sahil Shah 90
Arvind Sonawane 100
Pratik Vartak 115
 INTRODUCTION

 The promotion of enviornmental

management and the mission of sustainable
development have exerted the pressure
demanding for the adoption of proper
methods to protect the enviornment across
all industries including construction.
 Construction by nature is not an eco-friendly
activity.
 Construction,renovation and demolition
activities leads to the formation of waste.
NEED FOR ADOPTION OF PROPER
METHODS OF RECYCLING

a) It reduces the demand up on new resources.

b) Cuts down the cost and effort of transport
and production.
c) Use waste which would otherwise be lost to
landfill sites.
CONSTRUCTION WASTE PROBLEM

 WASTE- Material by-product of human and

industrial activity that has no residual value.
 Need for Comprehensive construction waste
management in every site.
 Every personnel,from the management to the
operational level should work for the goal of
construction waste management.
AGGREGATE FROM CONSTRUCTION AND
DEMOLITION WASTE

 Recycled precast elements and cubes after

testing (the aggregate could be relatively
clean with only cement paste adhering to it).
 Demolished concrete building(aggregate
could be contaminated with bricks and tiles,
sand and dust, timber, plastics, cardboard
and paper and metals.)
 Used as a subtitle for natural coarse
aggregates in concrete
FACTORS THAT ASSESS THE QUALITY OF
RECYCLED AGGREGATE
 Size distribution
It has been generally accepted that recycled aggregates either fine or coarse
can be obtained by primary and secondary crushing and subsequent removal of
impurities.
The best particle distribution can be achieved by primary crushing and then
secondary crushing, but a single crushing process is more effective from the
economic point of view.

 Absorption
The water absorption in Recycled Aggregates ranges from ( 3-12% ), this value
is much higher than that of natural aggregates whose absorption is about ( 0.5-
1 % ).

 Abrasion resistance
Use of such aggregates as sub base in flexible pavements show promising
results. These recycled aggregates have also been used in generating concrete
that is further used in rigid pavements .
PROPERTIES OF FRESH RECYCLED
AGGREGATE CONCRETE
 The air content of recycled aggregate concrete is
slightly higher ( 4-5 % ) than concrete with natural
aggregate. This increased air content in the recycled
concrete leads to reduction in the density of fresh
concrete.

 The bulk density of fresh concrete made with natural

aggregates is in the range of 2400 kg/m3, where as the
concrete made with recycled aggregates is significantly
lighter, 2150 kg/m3.
VIABLE TECHNOLOGY ON
CONSTRUCTION WASTE RECYCLING

When considering a recyclable material, three

major areas need to be taken in to account
are:
 Economy
 Compatibility with other materials
 Material properties
DIFFERENT WASTES IN A
CONSTRUCTION SITE
 Brick
Bricks arising from demolition may be contaminated
with more mortar, plaster and are often mixed with
other materials such as timber and concrete.In
recent years, bricks are commonly crushed to form
filling materials.
 Concrete
The most usual way to recycle concrete rubble is
categorized as:
a) Bound ( natural aggregate replacement in new
concrete )
b) Un bound ( road base, trench etc )
 Ferrous Metal
It is by far the most profitable and recyclable
material.
In India more than 80% scrap arising is
recycled. Scrap steel is almost totally
recycled and allowed repeated recycling.
100% steel can be recycled to avoid wastage
at construction site.
 Masonry
Masonry is normally crushed as recycled
masonry aggregate.
A special application of recycled masonry
aggregate is to use it as thermal insulating
concrete.
Another potential application for recycled
masonry aggregate is to use it as aggregate
in traditional clay bricks.
 Non Ferrous Metal
The main non ferrous metal collected from
construction and demolition sites are
alluminium, copper, lead and zinc .
In India alluminium usage is up to 95000
tonnes with about 70% recycled in 2004.
Copper is recycled up to 119000 tonnes out
of a national market of 262000 tonnes.
 Paper And Cardboard
Paper and paper board comprise
approximately 37% construction and
demolition wastes by volume.It usually
attracts recyclers to reprocess them as new
paper product by purification.
 Plastic
The plastic wastes are best possible for recycling if
these materials are collected separately and
cleaned. Recycling is difficult if plastic wastes are
mixed with other plastics or contaminants.
Plastic may be recycled and used in products
specifically designed for the utilization of recycled
plastic, such as street furniture, roof and floor, PVC
window noise barrier, cable ducting, panel.
Japan practices adopted burning of waste plastic at
high temperature and turning them in to ultra fine
particles, known as man made soil.
 Timber
Timber waste from construction and
demolition works is produced in large
quantity all over the world.
Whole timber arising from construction and
demolition works can be utilized easily and
directly for reused in other construction
projects after cleaning, denailing and sizing.
BARRIERS IN PROMOTING USE
OF RECYCLED MATERIALS
 Lack of appropriately located recycling
facilities.
 Absence of appropriate technology.
 Lack of awareness
 CONCLUSION

In order to reduce the construction waste, during the time of

construction order only the correct amount of raw materials.
Proper care should be taken to ensure the protection of materials
being delivered and stored in the site. When a structure is being
demolished, salvage as much of the more valuable fittings and
materials as possible. Any suitable substitute for aggregate
should be considered during the construction. It is the duty of an
engineer to revaluvate technical specification for materials where
strength and safety do not have to be compromised to permit the
use of recycled materials. As sorting and recycling facilities
become more wide spread and better developed it will be easier
to redirect our waste from landfill.
 REFERENCES
 L.Y.Shen, D Drew, and C.M. Tam, (2004), Construction
Waste recycling, Journal of Construction Engineering and
Management,4,Vol 130,pp 472-481.
 Jessica Krippendor,(2008), Construction Waste
recycling,Journal of Canadian wall and ceiling,pp14-18.
 Darin Steen,(2008),Bios Force builds low cost C&D
Landfill, Journal of Tribal Waste,pp 8-10.