BASEBAL

L
HISTORY
 Although the exact origin of the game is
unknown here are a few things to
remember:
Developed early 19th Century
Adapted from an English game known
as “Rounders”
Alexander Cartwright known as
“Father of Baseball”
 His rules are still used today

(Knickerbocker Rules)
Baseball Knowledge

•Baseball is a game between two teams of nine

players each, played on an enclosed field.

•A RUN (or SCORE) is the score made by an

offensive player who advances from batter to
runner and touches first, second, third and home
bases in that order. The order of the bases is in a
counter-clockwise direction around the square
from home to first, etc.

•A BATTER is an offensive player who takes his

position in the batter's box and attempts to hit a
ball thrown to him by the pitcher.
•PITCHER is the fielder designated to deliver
the pitch to the batter. The pitcher pitches
the ball to the batter and the batter attempts
to hit the pitch and become a runner. The
defense attempts to catch the ball after it is
hit and put the batter and/or runners out.

•A PITCH is a ball delivered to the batter by

the pitcher.

•Youth leagues use a 60-foot square field.

•The objective of each team is to win by

scoring more runs than the opponent.
•Regulation game consists of nine
INNINGS, unless extended because of a tie
score, or shortened (1) because the home
team needs none of its half of the ninth
inning or only a fraction of it.
(Little league -6 innings)

•An INNING is that portion of a game

within which the teams alternate on
offense and defense and in which there
are three OUTS for each team. Each
team's time at bat is a half-inning.
•A GROUND BALL is a batted ball that
rolls or bounces close to the ground.

•A FIELDER is any defensive player.

•An INFIELDER is a fielder who occupies

a position in the infield.

•An OUTFIELDER is a fielder who

occupies a position in the outfield,
which is the area of the playing field
most distant from home base
BASEBALL FIELD: BASIC TERMS
NUMBERS IN THE FIELD
DIMENSIONS: BASES
 The distance
from home
plate to first,
first to second
base, second to
third base , and
finally third
base to home
plate, are all
90 ft.
BASEBALL FUNDAMENTALS
NECESSARY TO BE SUCCESSFUL
 Throwing
 Fielding
 Hitting
 Base running
BASIC
BASEBALL
EQUIPMENTS
 BALL
An official baseball is
manufactured through a
process of wrapping
yarn around a cork or
rubber center and then
tightly stitching a
cowhide or horsehide
cover over the yarn. A
baseball is a sphere
that is approximately 9
inches (23 cm) in
circumference and
weighs 5 1/4 ounces
(149 g).
 BAT
A bat is a solid
piece of wood,
usually ash, that is
2.75 inches (7 cm)
in diameter at the
thickest part, which
is called the barrel,
and not more than
42 inches (107 cm)
in length.
 BATTING
HELMET
A helmet protects a
baseball player if a
ball accidentally hits
him in the head. Some
pitcher's can throw a
baseball as fast as 100
miles per hour (161
kph), so a player
needs to wear a
helmet to prevent
severe head injuries.
 BATTING
GLOVE
Although not a required
piece of equipment,
many batters wear
gloves to protect their
hands while batting.
Blisters may be caused
by not wearing batting
gloves. Some players
wear these gloves while
running bases to
protect their hands
while sliding into bases.
 FIELDING
GLOVE
A glove may vary
based on the
player's position,
but it is typically
leather with a
webbed pocket,
which forms a
small basket.
 CLEATS
All ball players wear
a particular type of
shoe called cleats,
which are defined by
the spikes attached
to the soles.
Baseball cleats have
spikes near the toe
of the shoe, which
differentiates it
from cleats in other
sports.
CATCHER’S EQUIPMENT A catcher is the target for
the pitcher, so the catcher
must wear protective gear
that covers the majority of
his body. Catcher's gear
includes a helmet with a
faceguard that is similar to
a hockey goalie's mask, a
chest protector, shin
guards, and a special
padded glove. Some
catcher's also wear devices
called knee savers, which
are triangular pads that
attach to the players calves
and rest his knees even
while squatting behind the
FAMOUS
BASEBALL
PLAYERS IN
HISTORY
 BABE RUTH
George Herman "Babe"
Ruth, Jr. was an
American professional
baseball player whose
career in Major League
Baseball spanned 22
seasons, from 1914
through 1935.

“You just can't beat the person who never gives up.”
 JACKIE ROBINSON
Jack Roosevelt "Jackie"
Robinson was an
American Major League
Baseball second
baseman who became
the first African
American to play in the
major leagues in the
modern era.

“Baseball is like a poker game. Nobody wants to quit when he’s

losing; nobody wants you to quit when you’re ahead.”
 HANK AARON
Henry Louis "Hank"
Aaron, nicknamed
"Hammer", or
"Hammerin' Hank",
is a retired
American Major
League Baseball
right fielder.

“My motto was always to keep swinging. Whether I was in a

slump or feeling badly or having trouble off the field, the only
thing to do was keep swinging.”
WILLIE MAYS Willie Howard Mays, Jr.,
nicknamed "The Say Hey
Kid" is a retired American
Major League Baseball
center fielder who spent
almost all of his 22 season
career playing for the
New York and San
Francisco Giants before
finishing with the New
York Mets.

“In order to excel, you must be completely dedicated to your

chosen sport. You must also be prepared to work hard and be
willing to accept constructive criticism. Without 100%
dedication, you won’t be able to do this.”
 JOE DIMAGGIO
Joseph Paul "Joe"
DiMaggio, born Giuseppe
Paolo DiMaggio,
nicknamed "Joltin' Joe"
and "The Yankee
Clipper", was an
American Major League
Baseball center fielder
who played his entire 13-
year career for the New
York Yankees.

“A person doing his or her best becomes a natural leader, just by

example. “