PAINT

IMPORTANT POINTS
 GENERAL:
OBJECT /PURPOSE OF PAINTS:

• TO STOP DECAY OF WOOD

• PREVENT CORROSION
• PROTECT FROM ATMOSPHERIC AGENCIES
• DECORATIVE PURPOSES

CHARACTERISTICS OF IDEAL PAINT:

• SHOULD BE IN EXPENSIVE
• SHOULD HAVE GOOD COVERING POWER
• SHOULD BE HARMLESS TO USER
• IT SHOULD BE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY
• SHOULD NOT DRY TOO FAST OR TOO SLOW
• SHOULD NOT HAVE CRACKS
• SHOULD BE FIRE/MOISTURE RESISTANT
• SHOULD RETAIN ITS COLOR FOR LONG TIMES
 CONSTITUENTS OF OIL PAINT:
• BASE:
IT IS A SOLID SUBSTANCE. IT FORMS THE BULK OF PAINT. ITS MAIN PURPOSE IS TO CREATE
A OPAQUE FILM COATING TO HIDE THE SURFACE. IT CREATES THE COATING FILM TO BE
RESISTANT TO MOISTURE, ABRASION, AND PREVENTS SHRINKAGE CRACKS. MOST
COMMONLY USED BASE FOR PAINT ARE:
WHITEL LEAD
RED LEAD
ZINC WHITE
IRON OXIDE
TITANIUM WHITE
ANTIMONY
LITHOPHONE
ALUMINIUM POWDER
LITHOPHONE
FILLER:
SILICA OR BARIUM SULPHATE, LITHOPHONE, CHARCOAL, GYPSUM SILICATE ETC ARE THE
FILLERS. THESE ARE ADDED TO THE PAINT TO REDUCE THE COST OF PAINTS AND MODIFY
THE PROPERTIES TO SOME EXTENT. THESE ARE USED IN MEASURED QUANTITIES AS MORE
OR LESS QUANTITY MAY HAVE EFFECT THE QUALITY OF PAINT.
 CONSTITUENTS OF OIL PAINT:
• VEHICLE OR CARRIER:
THESE ARE LIQUID SUBSTANCES WHICH HOLD THE SOLID PARTICLES OR INGREDIENTS OF THE PAINT LIKE
BASE, FILLER OR COLORING PIGMENTS. THESE HELP THE PAINT TO SPREAD EVENLY ON THE SURFACE. REFINED
LINCEED OIL IS THE MOST COMMONLY USED CARRIER. BESIDES THIS, TUNG OIL, POPPY OIL IS ALSO USED.
• DRYER:
THESE ARE METALIC COMPOUNDS WHICH ARE ADDED TO QUICKEN THE PROCESS OF DRYING. THE DRYER
ABSORBS THE OXYGEN FROM THE ATMOSPHERE AND ACCELERATES THE PROCESS OF DRYING. MOST COMMONLY
USED DRYERS ARE COBALT, LEAD ACCETATE, MANGANESE DIOXIDE.
• THINNERS:
THE PURPOSE OF THE THINNER IS TO REDUCE THE CONSISTENCY OF THE PAINT SO THAT IT CAN BE APPLIED
EASILY. IT EVAPORATES AFTER IT IS APPLIED ON THE SURFACE THUS HELPING DRYING OF PAINT. TURPENTINE OIL
IS MOST COMMONLY USED SOLVENT OR THINNER. PETROLEUM AND NAPTHA IS ALSO USED BUT ONLY IN
CERTAIN CONDITIONS.
• PIGMENTS:
THESE ARE COLORING AGENTS WHICH IMPART COLOR TO THE PAINT. FOR WHITE BLACK AND OTHER DARK
SHADES, THE BASE OF THE PAINT IS ITSELF CHOSED FOR THAT COLOR. FOR LIGHTER SHADES, THE FOLLOWING ARE
THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PIGMENTS:
PRECIPITATES
NATURAL EARTH
LAKE COLORS
METELIC POWDERS
BLUE
BROWN
BLACK
GREEN
YELLOW
 TYPES OF PAINTS:
• ALUMINIUM PAINT:
THE PAINT IS PREPARED BY HOLDING POWDERED ALUMINIUM IN QUICK DRYING SPIRIT OR VARNISH.
WHEN SPIRIT EVAPORATES, A FINE FILM OF PAINT IS LEFT BEHIND.
WEATHER RESISTANT
VISIBLE IN DARKNESS
PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION.
COVERS LARGE AREA
• ANTI CORROSIVE PAINTS: THESE ARE MOSTLY BLACK IN COLOR AND ARE NOT EXPENSIVE.
• ASBESTOS PAINTS: THIS IS USED IN WATER PROOFING COATINGS AND ALSO SOMETIMES TO STOP LEAKAGES.
• BITUMINOUS PAINTS: THESE PAINTS ARE USED FOR IRON WORKS UNDER WATER. IN SUNLIGHT THESE
DETERIORATE.
• BRONZE PAINTS: THESE ARE USED ON RADIATORS.
• CELLULOSE PAINTS: THESE ARE USED IN PAINTING JOBS OF CARS AND AIROPLANES.
• CASEIN PAINTS: THIS TYPE OF PAINT IS USED ON PLASTIC SURFACES.
• CEMENT PAINTS: IT IS USED ON EXTERIOR SURFACES WHICH ARE ROUGH LIKE WALLS ETC.
• ENAMEL PAINTS: IT IS FOR INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR.
• EMULSION PAINTS: IT IS ALSO FOR INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR JOBS.
• GRAPHITE PAINTS: IT IS USED IN UDNER GROUND RAILWAYS.
• PLASTIC PAINTS: THIS TYPE OF PAINTS ARE FOR VERY DECORATIVE JOBS AND IS FOR INTERIORS.
• SILICATE PAINTS: THIS PAINT IS DIRECTLY APPLIED TO BRICK OR CONCRETE SURFACES AND FORMS A HARD
DURABLE LAYER.
• LUNINOUS PAINTS: THIS PAINT SHINES IN DARKNESS AND SO IT IS USED IN SIGNAGE.
• RUBBER PAINTS: THIS IS APPLIED TO CONCRETE SURFACES WHERE MOISTURE EFFECTS.
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR PAINTS: