TI142312 - QUALITY ENGINEERING

Quality Concepts

NANI KURNIATI, PhD

DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER (ITS)
Outline

1. What is Quality ?

2. QP, QC, QI, QA

3. COST OF Q
1. What is Quality?
Quality in  characteristics of a product or service that
dictionaries bears its ability to satisfy stated or implied
needs”
–Business dictionary, ISO 8402-1986
 “The standard of something as measured
against other things of a similar kind; the
degree of excellence of something”
- English Oxford Dictionaries
 "the totality of features and c“how good
or bad something is”
- Cambridge dictionary, Longman dictionary
 “degree of excellence; superiority in kind; a
distinguishing attribute”
- Merriam-webster dictionary
Quality in
dictionaries

NOUN :
1. an essential or distinctive characteristic, property, or attribute:
2. character or nature, as belonging to or distinguishing a thing:
the quality of a sound.
3. character with respect to fineness, or grade of excellence:
food of poor quality; silks of fine quality.
4. high grade; superiority; excellence : wood grain of quality.
5. a personality or character trait : kindness is one of her many good qualities.
6. native excellence or superiority.
7. an accomplishment or attainment.
ADJECTIVE:
8. of or having superior quality : quality paper.
9. producing or providing products or services of high quality or merit :
a quality publisher.
10. of or occupying high social status : a quality family.
11. marked by a concentrated expenditure of involvement, concern, or
commitment:
Counselors are urging that working parents try to spend more quality
time with their children.
Q Meaning of quality video
meanings

Three dimensions :

1. Q of design
2. Q of conformance
3. Q of performance
Q
meanings

Q of design

 designing quality
characteristics into a product
or service
 Making sure a product or
service is produced according
to design
 A Mercedes and a Ford are
equally “fit for
transportations”, but with
different design and
dimensions
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Q
meanings

Q of Conformance

 Q must consider product specifications

 if new tires do not conform to specifications, they
wobble
 if a hotel room is not clean when a guest checks in,
the hotel is not functioning according to
specifications of its design

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Q
meanings

• This is a traditional definition

• Quality of design
• Quality of conformance

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Q
meanings

• This is a modern definition of quality

• Variability in the important characteristic of a

product

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Example □ Japan Vs USA
variance: □ Why ? less variability = lower
costs
□ More smoothly & quietly = more
superior
□ Fewer repair & warranty = less
rework = reduction of wasted time,
effort and money
□ How ? Q improvement

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Q perspecti-  Consumer’s and producer’s
ves perspectives are depend on each
other

 Consumer’s perspective: PRICE

 Producer’s perspective: COST

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Final
perspecti-
ves

13
2. QP, QC, QI, QA
QP

 Quality planning is a strategic activity, and it is just as vital to an

organization’s long term business success as the product
development plan.
 Without a strategic quality plan, an enormous amount of time,
money, and effort will be wasted by the organization dealing with
faulty design, manufacturing defects, filed failures, and customer
complaints.
 Involves identifying customers (external and internal), and
identifying their needs (voice of customer).
 Then products and services that meet or exceed customer
expectations must be developed.
 They must then determine how these products and services will
be realized.
 Planning of quality improvement on a specific, systematics basis
is also a vital part of this process.
QC , QI
QI

• The transmission example illustrates the utility of this

definition
• An equivalent definition is that quality improvement is
the elimination of waste. This is useful in service or
transactional businesses.
QA
3. COST OF Q
Q Cost □ Cost of poor quality (COPQ)
END OF SLIDE