RESERVOIR

ENGINEERING II
GAS RESERVOIRS
MATERIAL BALANCE FOR
VOLUMETRIC RESERVOIR
• Requires enough production-pressure history.
• Can determine the initial gas-in-place G, the initial reservoir pressure
pi, and the gas reserves.
• It does not require information about A, h, φ, or Sw.
• It expreses that:

where
np = moles of gas produced
ni = moles of gas initially in the reservoir
nf = moles of gas remaining in the reservoir
 MATERIAL BALANCE FOR
VOLUMETRIC RESERVOIR

where
pi = initial reservoir pressure
Gp = cumulative gas production, scf
p = current reservoir pressure
V = original gas volume, ft3
zi = gas deviation factor at pi
z = gas deviation factor at p
T = temperature, °R
We = cumulative water influx, ft3
Wp = cumulative water production, ft3
MATERIAL BALANCE FOR
VOLUMETRIC RESERVOIR
MATERIAL BALANCE FOR
VOLUMETRIC RESERVOIR
PROBLEM 1
The following pressures and cumulative production data2 are available
for a natural gas reservoir:

a. Estimate the initial gas-in-place.

b. Estimate the recoverable reserves at an abandonment pressure of
500 psia. Assume za = 1.00.
c. What is the recovery factor at the abandonment pressure of 500
psia?
MATERIAL BALANCE FOR
EVALUATING WATER INFLUX
Energy plot

Energy equation
MATERIAL BALANCE FOR
EVALUATING WATER INFLUX

Equation in terms of Bg
EVALUATING WATER INFLUX
EXCERCISE
The M Sand is a small gas reservoir with an initial bottom-hole pressure of 3200 psia and
bottom-bole temperature of 220°F. It is desired to inventory the gas in place at three production
intervals The pressure-production history and gas volume factors are as follows:

(a) Calculate the initial gas in place using production data at the end of each of the production
intervals, assuming volumetric behaviour
(b) Explain why the calculations of part (a) indicate a water drive
(c) Show that a water drive exists by plotting the cumulative production versus P/Z.
(d) Based on electric log and core data. volumetric calculations on the M Sand showed that the
initial volume of gas in place is 1018 MM SCF. If the sand is under a partial water drive, what
is the volume of water encroached at the end of each of the periods? There was no appreciable
water production.