UNITY IN

DIVERSITY
Chapter 1 Lesson 3
WHAT IS
BIODIVERSITY?
3 Levels of Biodiversity
–Ecosystem biodiversity
–Species diversity
–Genetic diversity
How important is
Biodiversity?
Biodiversity Importance
– Basic Needs and Economic
Benefits
– Cultural, Spiritual and Aesthetic
Benefits
– Health Benefits
Biodiversity Importance
– Education/Information
– Regulating and Supporting Ecosystem
Services
– Flood Control and Prevention of Soil Erosion
– Agriculture, Crop Pollination and Soil
Fertility
–Extinction
–Mass Extinction
The 5 Major
Mass
Extinctions
Ordovician-Silurian
Extinction
(439 million years ago)
Late Devonian Extinction
(359 to 375 million years) ago)
Permian-Triassic Extinction
(approximately 251 million years ago)
Cause of Extinction

– Catastrophe caused by an asteroid impact or

volcanic eruptions
Triassic-Jurassic/End Triassic Extinction
(199 to 214 million years ago)
Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction
(65 million years ago)
Cause of Extinction
The Sixth Mass Extinction
– an ongoing extinction event of
species during the present
Holocene epoch as a result of
human activity
NATURAL AND
ANTCAUSES OF
EXTINCTION
NATURAL CAUSES OF
EXTINCTION
– Climate Change
– Changes in Sea Levels or Currents
– Asteroids/Cosmic Radiation
ANTHROPOGENIC CAUSES OF
EXTINCTION
– Habitat Destruction
– Invasive Species
– Pollution
– human Population
– Climate Change
– Overexploitation
ANTHROPOGENIC CAUSES OF
EXTINCTION

–Habitat Destruction
–Invasive Species
–Pollution
ANTHROPOGENIC CAUSES OF
EXTINCTION

–Disease and Parasitism

How do organisms adapt to the
environment?

–Physiological acclimatization
–Genetic adaptation
ANTHROPOGENIC CAUSES OF
EXTINCTION

–Overexploitation
EXTINCT SPECIES
EXTINCT ANIMALS
FROM THE
PHILIPPINES
 IUCN and WWF
IUCN- International Union for Conservation of Nature

WWF-World Wide Fund

ENDANGERED SPECIES
OKAPI
UNITY IN DIVERSITY

LESSON 1 CHAPTER 3
Book Activity
1. An endangered species is
a(n) 
A. species in danger of extinction
B. species growing on public land
C. species that has disappeared entirely
D. organism brought to a place where it
has not lived before
2. The International Union for Conservation
of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) 

A. was disbanded after the Earth Summit of 1992 

B. is an organization of multinational corporations united for
conservation 
C. is known for trying to save endangered species through
dramatic, attention-grabbing protests 
D. is a collaboration of about 200 governmental agencies and
700 private conservation groups from around the world 
3. The current rate of species
extinction is

A. lower in this century

B. attributable to the actions of humans
C. the result of natural environmental processes
D. of little consequence to Earth's long-term
survival
4. It is the level of biodiversity that is most
commonly equated with the overall concept 
biodiversity. 

A. ecosystem diversity
B. genetic diversity.
C. species diversity 
D. none of the above 
5. Why is biodiversity important to
ecosystems? 

A. It increases at each level of the food chain.

B. It helps populations adapt to ecological changes.
C. It reduces the number of insects in a given
ecosystem.
D. It allows animals to feed permanently from a
specific type of plant.
6. Rapid environmental changes typically
cause 

A. Disease
B. Evolution
C. Habitat destruction
D. Mass extinction
7. Which contributes the most to
biodiversity loss?

A. Habitat destruction
B. Invasive species
C. Pollution
D. Population growth
8. The Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event occurred 65
million years ago and had attracted the most attention
among all other extinctions because it killed the 

A.amphibians
B.birds
C.dinosaurs 
D.mammals 
9. The widespread introduction of ___________by
humans is a potent threat to biodiversity

A.Bacteria
B.extinction  
C.invasive species
D.parasite 
10. Forest ecosystems provide all of
the following functions except

A.producing oxygen 
B.controlling soil erosion 
C.removing carbon from the atmosphere 
D.lowering the diversity of plants and animals