EXAMPLE 1

Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown in
Fig. 6–4a.
EXAMPLE 1 (cont.)
Solutions
The support reactions are shown in Fig. 6–4c.
Applying the two equations of equilibrium yields

wL
   Fy  0;  wx  V  0
2
L 
V  w  x  1
2 
 wL   x
  M  0;   x   wx     M  0
 2  2
 w

M    Lx  x 2   2
2
EXAMPLE 1 (cont.)
Solutions
The point of zero shear can be found from Eq. 1:
L 
V  w  x   0
2 
L
x
2

From the moment diagram, this value of x represents the point on the
beam where the maximum moment occurs.

w  L   L   wL2
 2

M max   L      
2   2   2   8
GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING
SHEAR AND MOMENT DIAGRAMS

Regions of distributed load:

Change in shear = area under distributed

loading

V    w x dx

Change in moment = area under shear

diagram

M   V  x dx
GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING
SHEAR AND MOMENT DIAGRAMS
Regions of concentrated force and moment:

V  F   V  V   0
V   F

M  M  M 0  Vx  M  0
M  M 0
EXAMPLE 2
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown in
Fig. 6–12a.
EXAMPLE 2 (cont.)
Solutions
• The reactions are shown on the
free-body diagram in Fig. 6–12b.

• The shear at each end is plotted first,

Fig. 6–12c. Since there is no
distributed load on the beam,
the shear diagram has zero slope
and is therefore a horizontal line.
EXAMPLE 2 (cont.)
Solutions
• The moment is zero at each end,
Fig. 6–12d. The moment diagram
has a constant negative slope of
-M0/2L since this is the shear in the
beam at each point. Note that the
couple moment causes a jump in the
moment diagram at the beam’s
center, but it does not affect the
shear diagram at this point.
EXAMPLE 3
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for each of the beams
shown in Figs. 6–13a and 6–14a.
EXAMPLE 3 (cont.)
Solutions
BENDING DEFORMATION OF A STRAIGHT
MEMBER
Assumptions:
1. Plane section remains plane
2. Length of longitudinal axis remains unchanged
3. Plane section remains perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis
4. In-plane distortion of section is negligible
FLEXURAL FORMULA
Assumptions:
Material behaves in a linear-elastic manner so that Hooke’s Law Applies;
i.e. σ=E.є

My
 
I

MR Z  MZ;
y 
M   ydF   y  dA   y  max dA
A A
c 

M  max  y 2 dA
c A
Mc
 max 
I
My
 
I
EXAMPLE 4
The simply supported beam in Fig. 6–26a has the cross-
sectional area shown in Fig. 6–26b. Determine the absolute
maximum bending stress in the beam and draw the stress
distribution over the cross section at this location.
EXAMPLE 4 (cont.)
Solutions
• The maximum internal moment in the beam, 22.5 kN.m,
occurs at the center.

• By reasons of symmetry, the neutral axis passes through the

centroid C at the mid-height of the beam, Fig. 6–26b.

I   I  Ad 2 

 2 121  0.25 0.02   0.25 0.02 0.16 
3 2
  1
12
 0.02 0.3 3 
 
 301.3 106 m 4

My
B   B ; b 
 
22.5 103  0.17 
 12.7 MPa (Ans)
I  
301.3 106
EXAMPLE 4 (cont.)
Solutions
• A three-dimensional view of the stress distribution is shown in Fig. 6–
26d.
My
B   B ; B  
 
22.5 103  0.15
 11 .2 MPa
• At point B, I  
301.3 106