B.

TECH FIRST YEAR

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2020-2021

COURSE NAME: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS-I

COURSE CODE : MA 1101
LECTURE SERIES NO : 01 (ONE)
CREDITS : 4
MODE OF DELIVERY : ONLINE (POWER POINT PRESENTATION)
FACULTY : DR. SUNIL JOSHI
EMAIL-ID : sunil.joshi@Jaipur.manipal.edu
PROPOSED DATE OF DELIVERY: 16 OCTOBER 2020
 “ TO UNDERSTAND
THE CONCEPT OF ODE
SESSION OUTCOME AND THEIR
APPLICATIONS AND
SOLVE THE PROBLEM”
ASSIGNMENT
QUIZ
MID TERM EXAMINATION –I & II
END TERM EXAMINATION
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA'S
 PROGRAM
OUTCOMES
MAPPING WITH
CO1

[PO1]
ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE: APPLY THE KNOWLEDGE
OF MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, ENGINEERING
FUNDAMENTALS, AND AN ENGINEERING
SPECIALIZATION TO THE SOLUTION OF COMPLEX
ENGINEERING PROBLEMS.
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

LECTURE NO.# 2
 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AS MATHEMATICAL MODELS
Here, we introduce the notation of Mathematical Model. There are many kinds of Mathematical models but in this
section, we focus on differential equations, which often arise in describing some phenomenon in engineering,
physical science etc.
To describe the behavior of some real-life system or phenomenon, whether physical, sociological, or even
economic, in mathematical terms. The mathematical description of a system or a phenomenon is called the
Mathematical Model and is constricted with certain goals in mind.
Constriction of a mathematical model of a system starts with identification of the variables that are responsible for
changing the system.
The steps of the modeling process are given in the following flow chart.
Express assumption in terms Mathematical
Assumptions of Differential Equation Formulation

If necessary, alter assumptions OR

Solve the Differential Equation
increase resolution of the model

Check model predictions with Display model prediction,

eg., graphically Obtain Solutions
known facts
According to newton’s second law of motion, the acceleration A of a body of mass M is proportional to the total force
F acting on it, with 1/M as the constant of proportionality, so that A = F/M or
(1) ma = F

Suppose, for instance, that a body of mass m falls freely under the influence of gravity alone. In this case the only force
acting on it is mg, where g is the acceleration due to gravity. If y is the distance down to the body from some fixed
height, then its velocity v = dy/dt is the rate of change of position and its acceleration a = dv/dt = d 2y/dt2, is the rate of
change of velocity. With this notation, (1) becomes
d2y d2y
(2) m 2  mg  2  g
dt dt
If we alter the situation by assuming that air exerts a resisting force proportional to the velocity, then the total force
acting on the body is mg − k(dy/dt), and (1) becomes
2
(3)   𝑑 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑚 =𝑚𝑔 − 𝑘
𝑑 𝑡2 𝑑𝑡
Equations (2) and (3) are the differential equations that express the essential attributes of the physical processes under
consideration.

Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Manipal University Jaipur 7

First order and first-degree differential equation
General form:
dy dy
 f ( x, y ) OR f ( x, y , )  0.
dx dx

Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Manipal University Jaipur 13

 Solution of Differential Equation
y= 5x+c, is solution of the first order differential equation dy  5, where c is
dx
arbitrary constant.
As it is solution of the differential equation for every value of c, hence it is called as
GENERAL SOLUTION. dy
 cos x  y  sin x  C
Another examples:
dx
Types of First order and first degree Differential Equation:

Exact Transform
dy
 f  x, y  Non-Linear to exact
dx

Separable Homogeneous
Linear Integrating Factor
Variable
Transform to
Integrating Factor Separable

Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Manipal University Jaipur 14

ANY QUESTION ???