Luzon Regional

Cluster
Lesson 1 – Northern Luzon
(Region I, Region II, CAR)
By: Ms. Florence Joy C. Soriano
*Facts
*History
*Tourist Destinations
*Notable People
*Food/Delicacies
*Festival
*Region 1 (Ilocos Region)
REGION I (ILOCOS REGION)
Regional Center: San Fernando City
Province Capital
1. Ilocos Norte Laoag City
2. Ilocos Sur Vigan City
3. La Union San Fernando City
4. Pangasinan Lingayen
*Map of Region I
(Ilocos Region)
FACTS
* Provinces - 4
* Municipalities - 116
* Cities – 9
* Barangays – 3,265
* Population - 5,026,128
* Language – Ilocano
* Proximity - By air: 45 minutes from Manila; 55 minutes from
Kaoshiung; 80 minutes from Guangzhou, Hongkong & Taipei;
and 2.15 hours from Shanghai to Laoag International Airport.
(From Laoag int’l Airport to any provinces of Region 1 just take a
jeepney or private car, it would take 1hr & 30 mins. to 2hrs
travel time) By land: 8 hours from Manila; 4 hours from Baguio.
BRIEF HISTORY

Long before the coming of the Spaniards, there

already existed an extensive region consisting of the
present provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Abra
and La Union) renowned for its gold mines.
Merchants from Japan and China would often visit
the area to trade gold with beads, ceramics and silk.
The inhabitants of the region, believed to be of
Malay origin, called their place “samtoy”, from “sao
mi toy, which literally meant “our language”.
 On June 13, 1572, Salcedo and his men landed
in Vigan and then proceeded towards Laoag,
Currimao and Badoc. As they sailed along the
coast, they were surprised to see numerous
sheltered coves (“looc”) where the locals lived in
harmony. As a result, they named the region
“Ylocos” and its people “Ylocanos”.
1. ILOCOS NORTE “The Best of Culture and
Nature”
 
GEOGRAPHY - Ilocos Norte has a land of 3,662 sq.km.,
bordered by Ilocos Sur (south), Abra (southeast),
Cagayan (east), and South China Sea (west).
CITY/IES - 2 ( Laoag & Batac).
MUNICIPALITIES - 21 (Adams, Bacarra, Badoc, Bangui,
Banna, Burgos, Carasi, Currimao, Dingras, Dumalneg,
Marcos, Nueva Era, Pagudpud, Paoay, Pasuquin,
Piddig, Pinili, San Nicolas, Sarrat, Solsona & Vintar)
 Tourist Destinations
The Paoay Church, a UNESCO World
Heritage-listed site, is worth a visit when you
go up north. The church, also known as the
San Agustin Church, is about 19km
southwest of Laoag. It is built in the usual
earthquake baroque style, characterized by
its wide base and massive flying buttresses
flanking its sides. Like most old churches in
the country, the exterior walls of Paoay
Church are made with large coral stones and
bricks. Construction of the church began in
1704 and was finished 90 years later.
The Bangui Windmills are a long line of 70m-high wind
turbines lined up over a 9km stretch of the Bangui Bay
shoreline. Standing tall over the black sand beach, the
windmills make up the first wind farm in the country and
generate enough electricity to support 40% of the power
requirements of Ilocos Norte.
The Sand Dunes of La Paz and Paoay, the natural coastal
desert shaped by sea and wind, are located along the
coast near Laoag City. Its rolling and sometimes steep
slopes make it a perfect place for a heart-pumping 4x4
ride and sand boarding. It’s one of the top ATV tours in the
Philippines. The best time to visit the sand dunes is in the
afternoon so that you can avoid the worst of the sun's rays
and be able to ride your 4x4 into the sunset.
Kapurpurawan Rock Formation- Many tourists go
to Laoag for the sand dunes, or to nearby
Pagudpud to swim in its beaches. But in the nearby
town of Burgos, a hidden gem is waiting to be
discovered: the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation. It
is a natural formation that juts out of the rock
along the beach. Its name was derived from the
Ilocano word “puraw” meaning “white.”
Malacañang of the North- this
two-story-mansion-turned-
museum was the former holiday
residence of the Marcos family.
The home is done in Spanish
colonial style, with a large
spacious living room area, a grand
staircase, and wide hallways. The
museum displays memorabilia
and some personal effects of the
Marcos family. It’s open Tuesdays
to Sundays from 9:00 A.M. to
12:00 N.N. and 1:00 P.M. to 4:00
P.M. Entrance fee is PHP 30.00
per person.
Sinking Bell Tower- Along a busy road
about 85 meters away from the Laoag
Church is the Sinking Bell Tower. The
bell tower was built in the 1600s by
the Augustinian friars, who did not
immediately realize that it was on
sandy soil. Since its construction, the
bell tower has been sinking at a rate
of about 1 inch per year. But despite
its slow descent into the underground
(literally), the bell tower still rings its
bell every Sunday for mass. 
 *Notable People
* Antonio Narciso Luna de San Pedro y Novicio Ancheta was a Filipino army
general who fought in the Philippine–American War.
* José Garvida Flores was an Ilocano poet and playwright, from Bangui, Ilocos
Norte, Philippines. His works include Wayawaya ken Sabsabali a Dandaniw, Pitik
Ti Puso (Heartbeat), Kaanunto, Tanda Ti Ayanayat, and plays such as Dagiti Ayayat
ni Dr. Rizal, and Ayat Iti Ili ken Dadduma Pay a Drama.

* Juan Luna de San Pedro y Novicio Ancheta, better known as Juan Luna, was a
Filipino painter, sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine Revolution
during the late 19th century. He became one of the first recognized Philippine
artists.

* Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. was a Filipino politician and kleptocrat
who was the tenth President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. A leading
member of the New Society Movement, he ruled as a dictator under martial law
from 1972 until 1981. One of the most controversial leaders of the 20th century,
Marcos' rule was infamous for its corruption, extravagance, and brutality.
 *Food/Delicacies
Kare-kare Ilocano style Poqui-Poqui
 

La Preciosa’s moist and fluffy carrot cake

Paoay- Guling-guling Festival
Laoag City- Pamulinawen Festival

*Festivals
Pinili- Bawang Festival
 Batac City- Empanada Festival
Marcos- Pinakbet Festival
Banna- Panagabuos Festival
Dingras- Ani Festival
Solsona- Gameng Festival
Sarrat- Binakol Festival
San Nicolas- Damili Festival
Currimao- Dinaklisan Festival
Badoc- La Virhen Milagroa Festival
Nueva Era- Tadek Festival
Piddig- Basi Festival
Pagudpod- Kangayedan Festival
Bangui- Amian Festival
Burgos- Saniata Festival
 Pasuquin- Panagsana Festival
Vintar- Siwawer Festival
Adams- Ginginubatan Festival
Carasi- Magdadaran Talip Festival
Dumalneg- Panagwawagi festival
Bacarra- Bac-bacarra Festival
2. ILOCOS SUR “Heritage Village of the Philippines”
 
GEOGRAPHY - It is relatively uneven in its physical features. The relief
changes from hilly to mountainous with slopes varying from 30% to
50% with an area of 1449 sq. kilometers and the coastal plain is level
to undulating (0-3%) occupying an area of 840 sq. km. with several
low hills scattered at random all throughout the entire length of the
province.
CITY/IES – 2 (Vigan City and Candon City)
MUNICIPALITIES - 32 (Alilem, Banayoyo, Bantay, Burgos, Cabugao,
Caoayan, Cervantes, Galimuyod, Gregorio del Pilar (Concepcion),
Lidlidda, Magsingal, Nagbukel, Narvacan, Quirino (Angaki), Salcedo
(Baugen), San Emilio San, Esteban, San Ildefonso, San Juan (Lapog),
San Vicente, Santa, Santa Catalina, Santa Cruz, Santa Lucia, Santa
Maria, Santiago, Santo Domingo, Sigay, Sinait, Sugpon, Suyo, Tagudin.)
*TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Calle Crisologo- The major attraction of
Vigan is its mestizo district which is filled
with Spanish-style houses that evoke a
bygone era when its people lived
prosperously because of the Manila-
Acapulco maritime trade. For visitors
who want to experience being
transported back to this period in
Philippine Spanish colonial time, a walk
or a calesa ride through Vigan’s Calle
Crisologo or Mena Crisologo Street is a
must.
Bantay Bell Tower- One of Vigan’s
most iconic symbols is the Bantay
Bell Tower. First built in 1591, it
served as the town’s watchtower
before being turned into a bell
tower by the nearby church in 1857.
Located roughly 10 minutes from
the town of Vigan, it’s located in the
town of Bantay, Ilocos Sur. It has
looked over the town of both
Bantay and Vigan for centuries, and
was known as Diego and Gabriela
Silang’s favorite date spot during
the 17th century. The bell tower is
situated on a hill, making it the best
vantage point for those who were
assigned to watch over the towns of
Vigan and Bantay. 
Baluarte Resort and Mini Zoo- one attraction that should make its cut
to your Vigan travel list is this safari adventure resort that’s just 10
minutes away from Calle Crisologo. This hundred-hectare zoological
park and resort complex is owned by the former Ilocos governor Luis
“Chavit” Singson. Dubbed as the Home of The Big Cats in Vigan, they
take pride in their 8 Bengal Tigers, 6 White Lions, 2 Leopards, among
other kinds of animals, even those that are endemic to the Philippines.
Animals like ostrich, spotted deer, and donkeys roam freely in an open
area where visitors can interact with them closely. There are also cages
housing other animals like camels, zebras, and reptiles.
 *NOTABLE PEOPLE
* Pedro Bukaneg was a Filipino poet. Blind since birth, he is the acknowledged author
of the Ilocano epic Biag ni Lam-ang. He is considered the "Father of Ilocano
literature." A street inside the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) complex in
Pasay City, Philippines is named in his honor. His surname is lent to the Bukanegan,
the Ilocano equivalent of the Balagtasan.
* Nestor Purugganan Redondo was a Filipino comics artist best known for his work for
DC Comics, Marvel Comics, and other American publishers in the 1970s and early
1980s. In his native country, the Philippines, he is best known for co-creating the
superheroine Darna.
* María Josefa Gabriela Cariño de Silang was a Filipina revolutionary leader best
known as the first female leader of an Ilocano movement for independence from
Spain. She took over the reins of her husband Diego Silang's revolutionary movement
after his assassination in 1763, leading the Ilocano rebel movement for four months
before she was captured and executed by the colonial government of the Spanish
East Indies.
 *FOODS/DELICACIES
Bagnet Igado
 Sinait Garlic Festival
 Viva Vigan Festival
 Longaniza Festival
 Pinakbet Festival *FESTIVAL/S
 Tabako Festival
 Binatbatan Festival
 Semana Santa
 Begnas Festival
 Kannawidan Festival
 Vegetable Bowl Festival
3. LA UNION “Pilgrimage Center of North
Luzon”

GEOGRAPHY - La Union covers a total area of 1,497.70

square kilometres (578.27 sq. mi.) occupying the
central‑southern section of the Ilocos Region in Luzon.
CITY/IES – 1 (San Fernando City)
MUNICIPALITIES - 19 (Agoo, Aringay, Bacnotan,
Bagulin, Balaoan, Bangar, Bauang, Naguilian, Pugo,
Rosario, San Gabriel, San Juan, Sto. Tomas, Santol,
Sudipen, Tubao, Burgos, Caba, Luna)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Urbiztondo Beach It’s no surprise that the surfing scene in La
Union has created a platform of opportunities, making it one
of the most sought-after places to go to during summer. In the
heart of San Juan, La Union lies Urbiztondo Beach, one of the
country’s premier surfing spots.
* Pindangan Ruins- Sacredly and holy, the Pindangan Ruins stood at Brgy. San
Vicente, San Fernando City, La Union. It is located near Camp Oscar Florendo,
Police Regional Office 1, about 500 meters from the national highway. Despite
attacks of natural phenomenon, it has sustained its sanctity throughout the
centuries. According to history, “Pindangan” is the original name of the City of San
Fernando, La Union. It is an ilocano dialect which refers to a place where meat is
sun-dried. The place was called “Pindangan” because the people used to make
abundant sun-dried meat (with salt) as a way of preservation. Pindangan Ruins, to
be specific, is an old catholic church. It is already 253 years old for it was built by
the Frayles or the Spanish priests in 1764.
Gloria Maria Aspillera Diaz, professionally known as
Gloria Diaz, is a Filipino multi-awarded actress of film
and television, model, and beauty queen who rose to
fame after being crowned Miss Universe 1969,
becoming the first Filipina to hold the Miss Universe
title.

*Notable People
 *Food/Delicacies
Kilawen ( kinilaw na pugita) Basi (Drink)
• Feast of Our Lady of
Caysasay
*FESTIVAL/S
• Tabacco Festival
• Baggak Festival
• Pinadangan Festival
• Sillag Festival
• Dinengdeng Festival
 
4. PANGASINAN “The Festival Capital of The North”
 
FAST FACTS- The Pangasinan people, like most of the people in the Malay
Archipelago, are descended from the Austronesian-speakers who settled in
Southeast Asia since prehistoric times. The name Pangasinan means "land of
salt" or "place of saltmaking“.
GEOGRAPHY - The province has a land area of 5,451.01 square kilometres
(2,104.65 sq mi)
CITY/IES – 4 (Alaminos, Dagupan, San Carlos, Urdaneta)
MUNICIPALITIES – 44 (Agno, Aguilar, Alcala, Anda, Asingan, Balungao, Bani,
Basista, Bautista, Bayambang, Binalonan, Binmaley, Bolinao, Bugallon, Burgos,
Calasiao, Dasol, Infanta, Labrador, Laoac, Lingayen, Mabini, Malasiqui,
Manaoag, Mangaldan, Mangatarem, Mapandan, Natividad, Pozorrubio,
Rosales, San Fabian, San Jacinto, San Manuel, San Nicolas, San Quintin, Santa
Barbara, Santa Maria, Santo Tomas, Sison, Sual, Tayug, Umingan, Urbiztondo,
Villasis)
 *Tourist Destinations

The Hundred Islands National Park is the first national park

and a protected area located in Alaminos, Pangasinan in
the northern Philippines. The islands, totaling 124 at low
tide and 123 at high tide, are scattered in Lingayen Gulf
covering an area of 16.76 square kilometres (6.47 sq mi).
Only three of them have been developed for tourism:
Governor Island, Quezon Island, and Children's Island.
* Our Lady of Manaoag (formal title: Our Lady
of the Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag;
Spanish: Nuestra Señora del Santísimo
Rosario de Manaoag) is a Roman Catholic
title of the Blessed Virgin Mary venerated in
Manaoag, Pangasinan, the Philippines. The
ivory and silver image which bears its title
dates from the 16th century and is presently
enshrined within the Minor Basilica of Our
Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag.
The shrine is a major pilgrimage site in the
country and is administered by the Order of
Preachers within the Archdiocese of
Lingayen-Dagupan.
Sunflower Maze Farm is owned by the Allied
Botanical Corp. (ABC), a vegetable seed breeder,
producer and distributor. We are offering
something that is educational and fun for both
kids and adults,” said Michael Caballes, ABC
president.
 *Notable People
* Ryan Cayabyab, also known as Mr. C, is a Filipino musician, composer and conductor. He
was the Executive and Artistic Director for several years for the defunct San Miguel
Foundation for the Performing Arts. He was named as National Artist of the Philippines
for Music in 2018.
* Renato Luna Cayetano, popularly known as Compañero, was a Filipino lawyer, television
presenter, journalist, politician, and former senator. He was the father of Senator Pia
Cayetano, House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano, and Taguig Mayor Lino Cayetano.
* Jose Villa Panganiban was a lexicographer, professor, linguist, essayist, poet, playwright,
author, and lyricist. Panganiban was a prolific writer, with over 1,000 works to his name.
* Fidel Valdez Ramos, popularly known as FVR and Eddie, is a retired Filipino general and
politician who served as the 12th President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998.
*Diego Silang ; December 16, 1730 – May 28, 1763) was a Filipino revolutionary leader
who allied with British forces to overthrow Spanish rule in the northern Philippines and
establish an independent Ilocano state.
*Festival/s
 Bugallon Day "Carabao Festival"
 Pozorrubio Town Fiesta & Patupat Festival
 Villasis Town Fiesta & Talong Festival
 Mabini Town Fiesta (1st Balsaan Festival)
 Malasiqui Town Fiesta (Feast of St. Ildephonse)
 San Fabian Town Fiesta (Feast of St. Fabian)
 Mangatarem Town Fiesta (Feast of St. Raymund Peñaforte)
 Bagoong Festival
 Binmaley Town Fiesta & Sigay Festival
 Manaoag Town Fiesta (Galicayo Festival)
*Region 2 (Cagayan Valley)

REGION II (CAGAYAN VALLEY)

Regional Center: Tuguegarao City
Province Capital
1. Batanes Municipality of Basco
2. Cagayan Tuguegarao City
3. Isabela Ilagan City
4. Nueva Vizcaya Municipality of Bayombong
5. Quirino Municipality of Cabarroguis
*Map of Region II
(Cagayan Valley)
FACTS
*Provinces - 4
*Municipalities - 116
*Cities – 9
*Barangays – 3,265
*Population - 5,026,128
*Proximity – By Air: Estimated of 1hr and 20 mins
from NAIA (MNL) to Cauayan (CYZ) Cagayan
Valley. By Land: 12 hrs travel time by Bus, 6 hrs by
private car.
BRIEF HISTORY
Archaeology indicates that Cagayan has been inhabited for
half a million years, though no human remains of any such
antiquity have yet appeared. The earliest inhabitants are the 
Agta, or Atta, food-gatherers who roam the forests 
without fixed abodes. A large tract of land has lately been
returned to them. The bulk of the population are of Malays
 origin. For centuries before the coming of the Spanish, the
inhabitants traded with Indians, Malays, Chinese, and
Japanese. In the nineteenth century the prosperity found in
tobacco cultivation caused many Ilokano people to settle
here. Tobacco is still a major factor in the economy of
Cagayan, though a special economic zone and free port has
been created to strengthen and diversify the provincial
economy.
1. BATANES

GEOGRAPHY - Its population as determined by the

2015 Census was 3,451,410. This represented
6.01% of the overall population of the Luzon island
group, or 3.42% of the entire population of the
Philippines.
CITY/IES - 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 6 (Basco, Itbayat, Ivana,
Mahatao, Sabtang, Uyugan)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
 
Tukon Church Batanes has dozens of
churches scattered throughout its
three inhabited islands. But one
church that you shouldn’t miss when
you do go for a visit is Mt. Carmel
Chapel, also known to locals as Tukon
Church. Local artisans built this small
chapel on top of a hill, and the
province’s traditional stone houses
inspired its design.
Sabtang Lighthouse The only lighthouse on Sabtang Island greets you
after a 45-minute faluwa ride from Ivana Port in Batan Island. Its
features are like the Basco and Tayid lighthouses, but the Sabtang
Lighthouse stone walls are left in its natural state. The beam also
offers a breathtaking view of the rolling hills and the open ocean from
the top of its observation tower.
In the early 2000s, the beacon, together with Basco and Tayid
lighthouses, was part of a project headed by the late Representative
Butch Abad.
House of Dakay, the oldest surviving stone house in the
island province. It is one of the only five houses that
remain standing after a strong earthquake hit the island
in the early 1900s.
The Honesty Coffee Shop opens as early as
6:00 A.M. and closes around 6:00 P.M. Don’t
expect a café just because it’s called a coffee
shop. Instead, it is more of a sari-sari store
where the items sold are bare necessities
for travelers like instant coffee, soda, bottled
water, biscuits and crackers, fried bananas,
and sweet potatoes, souvenir t-shirts, and
even bread and local pastry. The prices of
goods and souvenirs are written on the
items. It’s a self-service store where you can
take what you need, eat to your heart’s
content, clean up, and leave your payment
in a box. According to the owner, retired
school teacher Elena Gabilo, this honesty
system has proven effective among
residents and tourists. It just shows that
honesty can be a good business and a great
way to appreciate a day trip in Batanes.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Bucayo (coconut)
 *FESTIVAL/S
 Kulay Festival
 Bayanihan or Payuhuan Festival
 Vakul-Kanayi Festival
2. CAGAYAN
 
GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of 9,295.75
square kilometers or 3,589.11 square miles. Its population
as determined by the 2015 Census was 1,199,320. 
CITY/IES – 1 ( Tuguegarao)
MUNICIPALITIES – 28 (Abulug, Alcala, Allacapan, Amulung,
Aparri, Baggao, Ballesteros, Buguey, Calayan,
Camalaniugan, Claveria, Enrile, Gattaran, Gonzaga, Iguig,
Lal-lo, Lasam, Pamplona, Peñablanca, Piat, Rizal, Sanchez-
Mira, Santa Ana, Santa Praxedes, Santa Teresita, Santo
Niño, Solana, Tuao)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS

Callao Cave - A cave with seven chambers. It is one of the best

known tourist attractions of the province. It is located in
Barangays Parabba and Quibal, Penablanca, near tuguegarao, the
capital city of the Province of Cagayan. It has a natural cathedral
located at the first chamber, which was turned into a CHAPEL by
the local people.
Basilica Minore of Our Lady of Piat - This national shrine
has earned the distinction as the Pilgrimage Center of
the North.
Baggao Cave and Water
Systems - Baggao is known not
only for its booming furniture
industry but also for its
magnificent cave systems like
the Duba Caves and Blue
Water Caves where the 5th
National Caving Congress was
held last April 2005.
Magapit Suspension Bridge - This is the only one of its
kind in the Philippines, and is the first suspension bridge
in Asia. The bridge is still operational and is used for
access to the Ilocos Region.
Palaui Island - This is one of the island barangays of the
Province and is an ideal place for snorkeling, scuba diving,
game fishing,forest exploration and mountain.
 *NOTABLE PEOPLE
*Francisco "Paco" Román y Velasquez was a
Filipino-Spanish soldier and later became a
revolutionary during Philippine Revolution and
Philippine–American War.
*Maja Ross Andres Salvador is a Filipina actress,
singer, host and producer. She is currently under
the management of ABS-CBN's Star Magic.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Binake Tartufo

Cookiegato Muron
 
 *FESTIVAL/S
 Higalaay Festival
3. ISABELA
 
GEOGRAPHY - The province has a land area of 12,414.93
square kilometers or 4,793.43 square miles. Its population
as determined by the 2015 Census was 1,593,566. 
CITY/IES – 3 (Cauayan, Ilagan, Santiago)
MUNICIPALITIES- 35 (Alicia, Angadanan, Aurora, Benito Soliven,
Burgos, Cabagan, Cabatuan, Cordon, Delfin Albano, Dinapigue,
Divilacan, Echague, Gamu, Jones, Luna, Maconacon, Mallig,
Naguilian, Palanan, Quezon, Quirino, Ramon, Reina Mercedes,
Roxas, San Agustin, San Guillermo, San Isidro, San Manuel, San
Mariano, San Mateo, San Pablo, Santa Maria, Santo Tomas,
Tumauini )
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS

AGUINALDO SHRINE - Although Isabela did not play a

major role in the revolt against Spain, it is in Palanan
that the final pages of the Philippines Revolution was
written when the American forces led by Gen. Frederick
Funston finally captured Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo in the
area on March 23, 1901.
BONSAI FOREST- Dinapigue showcases a bonsai
forest with plants ranging from one foot to 7 feet in
height. The forest is astonishing – covering an
estimated 5,000 hectares.
*Dibulo falls is one of the
most notable throughout
the Sierra Madre
mountain range. It is one
of the attractions of Sierra
Madre Nature Park.
Dicotcotan Beach boasts of a three-kilometer long
beach with coral reefs, sea grass beds and sandy shoreline
that is fringed with a coastal forest and a village. There
are regular sightings here of pointed nosed dolphins and
hump back whales aside from the various species of fish
and shellfish, and marine turtles that can be seen from
the surface.
Fuyot Springs National Park- Situated in the suburbs of Sta.
Victoria, City of Ilagan, Fuyot Springs National Park nestles a
multitude of attractions guaranteed to satisfy adventurers. The
park houses the Sta. Victoria Caves, which showcases more than 12
caves open for public spelunking. The caves feature formed lattices,
stalactites, and stalagmites, a few of which have mineral deposits
making them glimmer and shine when hit by light.
Butaka Dubbed as the furniture capital of the province, Ilagan
houses the world’s largest Butaka, towering at 11 feet, 4 inches
high; 20 feet 8 inches long; and 9 feet 7 inches wide, weighing at
a massive 2,368 kilos. With its wide arms, it was depicted by,
then town Mayor, Mayor Jojo Albano, as the testament to the
genuine hospitality of Ilagueños.
 *NOTABLE PEOPLE
Ferdinand Pascual Aguilar, better known as Freddie
Aguilar or Ka Freddie Aguilar, is a folk musician
from the Philippines. He is best known for his
rendition of "Bayan Ko", which became the anthem
of the opposition against the Marcos regime during
the 1986 People Power Revolution, and for his song
"Anak", the best-selling Philippine music record of
all time. He is heavily associated with Pinoy rock.
 *FESTIVAL/S
 Baka Festival
 Balatong Festival
 Binallay Festival
 Binnadangan festival
 Dikit festival
 Gakit Festival
 Gawagawayan festival
 Nuang festival
4. NUEVA VIZCAYA

GEOGRAPHY - The province has a land area of

3,975.67 square kilometers or 1,535.01 square
miles. Its population as determined by the 2015
Census was 452,287.
CITY/IES - 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 15 (Alfonso Castañeda,
Ambaguio, Aritao, Bagabag, Bambang, Bayombong,
Diadi, Dupax del Norte, Dupax del Sur, Kasibu,
Kayapa, Quezon, Santa Fe, Solano, Villaverde)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Mt. Pulag- Using the trail of Ambaguio town, a mountaineer
experiences a different kind of terrain from gradual ascent to
rugged trail under mossy forest and cold temperature. Before
reaching the peak, walk through bonsai forests and grassland
of dwared bamboos over a horizon of clouds. Mt. Pulag
National Park is home to rare plants as the pitcher and animals
like the giant cloud rat and whiskered pitta.
*People`s Museum and
Library is a two-storey
historical building which
houses Novo Vizcayano
history and heritage. The
former seat of the
Provincial Government.
St. Vincent Ferrer Church of Dupax del Sur,
Nueva Vizcaya was constructed in the 16th
century. It is one of the oldest churches in
Northern Luzon. It has an underground museum
which houses centuries-old church artifacts and
has been declared by the National Museum as a
"National Culture Treasure".
 *NOTABLE PEOPLE
*Roy V. Aragon also known as Roy Vadil Aragon
is a Filipino writer writing in the Ilokano and
Filipino languages. He is an award-winning
fictionist and poet, and also works as a
translator, an editor, a book designer.
 *FESTIVAL/S
 Ammungan Festival
5. QUIRINO

GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of

2,323.47 square kilometers or 897.10 square
miles. Its population as determined by the 2015
Census was 188,991.
CITY/IES - 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 6 (Aglipay, Cabarroguis, Diffun,
Maddela, Nagtipunan, Saguday)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Aglipay Caves- It has an area of 101 hectares of forest
surroundings the cave chambers that provide a refuges for
vegetation, wildlife and recreation. Among the 37 caves in
the compound eight chambers have been develop for
caving tours.
Governors Rapids- A dominating feature in the landscape is
the towering limestone formation. Continuous erosion by the
river formed a number of rock shelters where the Dumagat
indigenous people would seek refuge during harsh weather.
*FOOD/DELICACIES
Duck meat
 
 *FESTIVAL/S
 Panagdadapun festival
 Diffun- Pammadayaw Festival
* CAR (Cordillera Administrative Region

CAR ( CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION)

Regional Center: BAGUIO CITY
Province Capital
1. Abra Municipality of Bangued
2. Apayao Municipality of Kabugao
3. Benguet Municipality of La Trinidad
4. Ifugao Municipality of Lagawe
5. Kalinga Tabuk City
6. Mountain Province Municipality of Bontoc
Highly Urbanized City Bagiuo City
 *Map of Car
(Cordillera
Administrative
Region)
FACTS

*Provinces - 6
*Municipalities - 75
*Cities – 2
*Barangays – 11
*Population - 1,722,006
*Proximity – By Land: Estimated travel time is 6 hrs
* HISTORY

The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) was established on

July 15, 1987 through executive Order No. 220 issued by
President Corazon Aquino. It is the only land-locked region of
the Philippines. The region consists of the provinces of Abra,
Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province and
Apayao. The regional center is the Chartered City of Baguio,
officially known as the Summer Capital of the Philippines. Its
rugged terrain and breath-taking topography have been home
to the sturdy and industrious indigenous tribes collectively
called the Igorot, while its climate has bred an equally unique
culture distinct from that of the country’s lowland colonized
regions.
1. ABRA

HISTORY- Abra was created as a politico-military province in 1846, prior to

which was part of the old Ilocos Province and later Ilocos Sur when Ilocos
Region was divided into two provinces in 1818. Civil government was
established in Abra on August 19, 1901, but was re-annexed to Ilocos Sur
in February 1905. Abra remained a sub-province in 12 years, regaining its
status as a province only after the passage of Act 2683 in March 1917.
GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of 4,165.25 square kilometers
or 1,608.21 square miles. Its population as determined by the 2015
Census was 241,160.
CITY/IES- 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 27 (Bangued, Boliney, Bucay, Bucloc, Daguioman,
Danglas, Dolores, la Paz, Lacub, Lagangilang, Lagayan, Langiden, Licuan-
Baay, Luba, Malibcong, Manabo, Peñarrubia, Pidigan, Pilar, Sallapadan,
San Isidro, San Juan, San Quintin, Tayum, Tineg, Tubo, Villaviciosa)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Tubo Tagpew/Tagpao- Tagpew resembling the
upper visible female pubic area when inverted
which is the term for the locals. A 120 meters falls
found on the thick pine forest of sitio Dataan
(former community of Tubo), part of Tabacda with
an elevation of 1,000- 2,000 metars above sea
level. A 3- 5 hours trek from sitio Batayan, Alangtin,
Tubo, Abra through steep slopes pine forest
ranging from 800- 2,000 MASL.
The various bullets sound of bulk water dropping
on the tagpew which is a rock makes anyone
frightened and amazed. Tourist/ visitors taught it
was a battle exchanging of bullets but surprisingly
the wonderful Tagpew Falls.
Caungungan Cave- This cave is an hours easy hike from
the jump off point. There are a few chambers to
explore and one of them has a natural underground
lake to swim in, at the end of which is a mini “Kaparkan
Falls” Along the way you will see rock formations,
stalagmites and stalactites.
CROSS THE LONGEST
FOOTBRIDGE- Linking Barangay
Poblacion with Barangay
Sabnangan, the 560 metre long
Sabnangan hanging bridge
spanning the Abra River is the
longest in the Philippines and SE
Asia. Started in 1998 and finished
four years later in 2002 the
Sen.Flavier Suspension
Footbridge makes life alot easier
for the community.
Boni Falls is just a short walk
from Poblacion. There is
something here for everyone.
You can choose to stay at the
bottom levels or be more
adventurous and climb up to
the higher levels.
Abra River- The Abra River is the seventh largest river system in the 
Philippines in terms of watershed size. It has an estimated drainage area
of 5,125 square kilometres (1,979 sq mi) and a length of 178 kilometers
from its source in the vicinity of mount data in benguetprovince.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Kaskaron Goloria

Abuos or the eggs of big, red Abal-Abal

ants.
 
2. APAYAO

GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of

4,413.35 square kilometers or 1,704.00 square
miles. Its population as determined by the 2015
Census was 119,184.
CITY/IES- 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 7 (Calanasan, Conner, Flora,
Kabugao, Luna, Pudtol, Santa Marcela)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Kimkimay Lake- Kimkimay Lake is one of
the several lakes of the province located at
Taquib, Villaviciosa. It covers an
approximate area of one hectare amidst
hills bordering barangays Taquib and
Callao, both in Villaviciosa. Kimkimay Lake,
according to legend carried by word of
mouth was formerly a dwelling where
several families lived. These families were
however engaged in many vices so they
were punished by the gods by sinking their
community, submerging it in cool water.
Lussok Crystal Cave- On the rocky slope of
Barangay Dagupan, one will find this multi-
chamber cave with centuries-old stalactites and
stalagmites embedded with crystals that dance
and shine with the tiniest reflection of light, thus
its other name, the Crystal Caves.
Agamata Wildlife Sanctuary, Calanasan.
Malabisin Lake and Underground River, Paco Valley- A
wealth of underground beauties awaits you in scenic
Malabisin. The unpolluted waters of Apayao River
render fish and wildlife visible along its banks. Along
the river can be found an array of picture-pretty
waterfalls that are varying in sizes. Traversing six
Apayao municipalities, from Calanasan to Luna, Apayao
River is navigable by motorboat.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Sinursur Abraw
 

Pinalatan
 *FESTIVAL/S
*Apayao Day
*Say-Am-Talip-Tadoc Festival
*Pudtol Town Fiesta
*Fruit Harvest Festival
3. BENGUET

GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of

2,769.08 square kilometers or 1,069.15 square
miles. Its population as determined by the 2015
Census was 444,224.
CITY/IES- 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 13 (Atok, Bakun, Bokod, Buguias,
Itogon, Kabayan, Kapangan, Kibungan, La Trinidad,
Mankayan, Sablan, Tuba, Tublay)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
GUERRILLA SADDLE- it is an existing natural attraction
found in Caliking. This place is remarkable because it is
where the guerillas of the WW II fought side by side
with the United States Army Forces Far East (USAFFE)
against the Zetreating Japanese Soldiers.
MT. KABUNYAN AND BAKUN BURIAL CAVE - It is an emerging natural
attraction found in Poblacion. This mountain is popularly known as the
"home of the kankana-ey god, Kabunian." Parts of the breathtaking huge
rocky mountainsides used to be burial grounds, hence the presence of box
coffins and human bones. Its rocky peak is idyllic for the hardy rock climbers
and mountain trekkers as a challenging destination and campsite. The rural
countryside with a view of the Bakun rice terraces is a perfect venue to
promote eco-tourism and the scenic Kabunyan waterfalls is an added
attraction. Amenities are minimal in the area but home stays are available.
BADEKBEK SULFUR SPRING- It is a potential natural attraction
found in Daclan. It is a sulfuric bubbling muddy hot spring,
hence the name "Badekbek". The smoke and sulfuric scent
emitted could be seen and smelled from a distance. The hot
water from the spring is believed to have some therapeutic
effects. It is also known as the Daclan Hot Springs. It is two
kilometers away from the Bokod-Kabayan national road and is
accessible to vehicle transport.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Dikit Turon Sadkik
 
 *NOTABLE PEOPLE
*Januario Galut, a Tingguian Igorot, led the 33rd
Infantry Regiment of United States Volunteers
under Major Peyton March so they could surround
and defeat 60 Filipinos led by Gen. Gregorio del
Pilar in the Battle of Tirad Pass.
 *FESTIVAL/S
 Adivay Festival
4. IFUGAO

HISTORY- The province is named after the ethnolinguistic group

called Ifugao. Originally, the people called themselves Ipugo, stressed
in the last syllable, which is derived from Pugaw, meaning
Earthworld. Ipugo, altered to Ifugao by outsiders, literally means earth
man, mortal or human being, as distinguished from the deities and
spirits that inhabit the different worlds in the Ifugao system of worship.
These are Kabunyan (Skyworld), Dalom (Underworld), Daya (Western
World), Lagud  (Eastern World) and Pugaw (Earthworld).
GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of 2,628.21 square
kilometers or 1,014.76 square miles. Its population as determined by
the 2015 Census was 202,802.
CITY/IES- 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 11 (Aguinaldo, Alfonso Lista, Asipulo, Banaue,
Hingyon, Hungduan, Kiangan, Lagawe, Lamut, Mayoyao, Tinoc)
*TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Tenogtog falls is a three-
layered fall with pools in
between. According to locals,
Tenogtog is an Ifugao word
which means, “chopped.” The
falls is named as such because
this is where hunters used to
chop the meat of deer or wild
pigs.
Banggaan Rice Terraces- This is one of the five rice
terraces of Ifugao province listed in the UNESCO World
Heritage Sites. While it is less popular, it stands out as the
most accessible. It also offers a more rustic setting since
there are only a few families living here.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Binaod Bayah ( Rice Wine)
 
 *FESTIVAL/S
 Imbayah Festival
5. KALINGA

GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of

3,231.25 square kilometers or 1,247.59 square
miles. Its population as determined by the 2015
Census was 212,680.
CITY/IES- 1 (Tabuk)
MUNICIPALITIES- 7 (Balbalan, Lubuagan, Pasil,
Pinukpuk, Rizal, Tanudan, Tinglayan)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Guinaang Village is one of the historical tourist spots in
Kalinga. During the Philippine-American War, it served as
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo’s retreat haven. His stay, however, did
not last long. The Americans continued to pursue him until he
was finally caught somewhere in Isabela.
Saltan river comes from the vast mossy forests of Balbalan.
During good sunny conditions, the waters exude an
emerald appearance, making it inviting for a swim.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Zinagan Binungor
*FESTIVAL/S
 Bodong Festival
 Mataguan Festival
6. MOUNTAIN PROVINCE

GEOGRAPHY- The province has a land area of

2,157.38 square kilometers or 832.97 square miles.
Its population as determined by the 2015 Census
was 154,590.
CITY/IES- 0
MUNICIPALITIES- 10 (Barlig, Bauko, Besao, Bontoc,
Natonin, Paracelis, Sabangan, Sadanga, Sagada,
Tadian)
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Enchanted Eels- these mystical creatures continue to attract the
interests of tourists and travelers. They are found on springs at
barangays Cagubatan and Lenga. The locals consider them sacred,
believing that they are connected to the spirit world.
One story tells of a local who tried poisoning the eels but his attempt
did not take effect. He died afterwards. The eels are said to be choosy.
They only come out for viewing with the use of a whistle or bait. Their
length of exposure also depends on the person watching them.
Paradise falls- cascades like heavenly-drizzles from the
heavens. You might be wondering why it is named as such.
well, according to the tourism officer, one feels like in
paradise upon visiting the falls. Indeed, the pine-scented
breeze wafting around and the caressing mists that the falls
exude make it a perfect getaway for nature lovers and
adventurers.
*FOOD/DELICACIES
Etag
 *NOTABLE PEOPLE
* Lamberto Vera Avellana was a prominent Filipino film and
stage director. Despite considerable budgetary limitations that
hampered the post-war Filipino film industry, Avellana's films
such as Anak Dalita and Badjao attained international acclaim.
* Eduardo Masferré was a Filipino-Catalan photographer who
made important documentary reports about the lifestyle of
native people in the region of the Cordillera in the Philippines
at the middle of 20th century. He is regarded as the Father of
Philippine photography.
 *FESTIVAL/S
*Etag Festival
**BAGUIO CITY (HUC)
“Summer Capital of the Philippines”

GEOGRAPHY- The city has a land area of 57.51 square

kilometers or 22.20 square miles. Its population as
determined by the 2015 Census was 345,366.
 *TOURIST DESTINATIONS

* Mines View Park A ridge located at the extreme northeast side of the
city, past The Mansion and Wright Park, Mines View Park boasts of a
spectacular view of Benguet's gold and copper mines and the
Cordillera mountains. The main attractions in Mines View Park
nowadays would be the commercial activities such as the souvenir and
silverworks stores by the park. The one especially worth visiting is
Rimando's, that offers the best carved artifacts, on the Gibraltar side.
*Burnham Park truly is the very heart of Baguio City. With an area of
32.84 hectares its central location makes it the most valuable piece
of Baguio real estate. The 'mother of all parks' in the Summer
Capital of the Philippines, almost as familiar to Filipinos as Luneta
Park in Manila is, all other developments like the city's business
center Session Road, Baguio Cathedral, City Hall, and the hugely
popular Baguio City Market were built around Burnham Park.
Camp John Hay (CJH) is Baguio City's most popular visitor
attraction. A beautiful resort in the mountains it features a
world class competition Jack Niclaus-designed golf course
 (said to be the only course in the Philippines to have
bentgrass greens) as well as hotels, a shopping center & a
convention center, among other attractions.
The Mansion is the official
summer residence of the
President of the Philippines. It
is located on the eastern part
of the city along C.P. Romulo
Drive (formerly a part of
Leonard Wood Road) and right
across from Wright Park. Older
than the city itself, the
Mansion is easily one of the
most visited and photographed
landmarks of Baguio.
Strawberry Farm- one activity that is highly recommended 
is strawberry picking at the Strawberry Farm in the nearby La
Trinidad, Benguet. A unique experience for the whole family,
you get to pick fresh strawberries -- right alongside the Ibaloi
farmers -- to bring home or consume while on vacation in
the Summer Capital of the Philippines.
 *FOOD/DELICACIES
Strawberries Strawberry
  Wine

Peanut and Cashew Brittle

 
*FESTIVAL/S
 Panagbenga Festival
There is no Failure, you either win or learn.

I hope you enjoyed this lesson

