STD III

SUBJECT : MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER – 4
MULTIPLICATION
CONCEPTS TO BE COVERED:
 Multiplication as repeated addition
 Multiplication of 3-digit number by 1-digit number
without/with regrouping.
 Multiplication of 2 digit number by 2 digit number.
 Multiplication of 3 digit number by 2 digit number.
 Multiplication by 10, 100 and 1000
 Properties of multiplication
 Word problems related to the concept of multiplication.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The Students will be able to:
 know that multiplication is repeated addition.
 perform multiplication of 3 digit numbers by 1 digit numbers without
and with regrouping.
 understand the process of multiplication of 2 digit numbers and 3
digit numbers by 2 digit numbers.
 identify and use the various properties of multiplication.
 multiply a number by 10, 100 and 1000.
 usethe concept of multiplication with the multiples of 10, 100 and
1000.
 apply the knowledge of multiplication in real life situations.
 Identify the terms multiplicand, multiplier and product.
TEACHING STRATEGIES USED:
 Interactive method
 Self made video
 PPT
 Self planned activities
a) My Marvellous Multiplication
b) Pick and Frame
 Worksheets (3 levels)
KNOWING MULTIPLICATION
Multiplication is a quick way to add equal numbers.
Ex. 3+3+3+3+3 = 15
We can write it as 5 times 3
or

Multiplication is also known as repeated addition

5 X 3 = 15

Or 4 times 2 = 4x2=8
 2 + 2 + 2 + 2=8
4 x 2 = 8

From the above examples we

https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=D6ajLh0isG8 can derive that multiplication
(Video Link) is nothing but repeated
addition
Different terms used in multiplication
1. Multiplicand- It is the number to be multiplied.
2. Multiplier- It is the number by which the multiplicand
is multiplied.
3. Product- The answer in multiplication is known as
product.
Ex. 4 5 MULTIPLICAND
x 2 MULTIPLIER
90 PRODUCT
MULTIPLICATION OF 3 DIGIT
NUMBER BY ONE DIGIT NUMBER
E.g. 564
x 3
Step – 1 564
Multiply the ones by 3 x 3

Think:
4 x 3 = 12
Step -2 1
Regroup 12 ones as 564
1 ten and 2 ones. X 3
Write down the ones 2
under ones place.
Carry the 1 ten to tens place.
Think:
12 ones = 1 tens + 2 ones
Step – 3
Then multiply tens digit
by 3. Add the one ten 1
you carried over. 564
x 3
92
Think :
18 tens + 1 ten = 19 tens
19 tens = 1hundred + 9 tens
Write 9 at the tens place and carry 1 to hundreds place
Step – 4
Now multiply hundreds digits
by 3. Add one hundred 1 1
you carried over. 564
x 3
1692
Think :
15 hundreds+1 hundreds = 16 hundreds
16 hundreds = 1 thousand + 6 hundreds
Write 6 at hundreds place and 1 at thousand place
Product = 1692
Multiplication by 10, 100,1000
Ex: 2x10 =20 Ex : 2x100=200 Ex: 3x1000=3000
3x10=30 3x100=300 4x1000=4000
4x10=40 4x100=400 5x1000=5000
6x10=60 9x100=900 9x1000 =9000

What we can observe from the above examples?

We can observe that

Rule:

We observe that

5x10=50 = Just multiply the digits by leaving

0 then add 0 in the ones place in
the product

16x100 = 1600 Just multiply the digits by

leaving 00 then add two zeroes i.e
is in the ones, and tens place
35x1000=35000

Just we multiply 35x1=35 followed by three zeroes

Same thing will be observed when we multiply
any number by 30, 400, 600 etc

For example : 34x30 = (34x3)x10 = 102x10

=1020
For example: 45x200 =(45x2)x100 = 90x100
=9000

For example: 67 x3000= (67x3)x1000

= 201x100
= 20100

We can conclude that first the digits should be multiplied then

followed by number of digits
MULTIPLICATION OF 2 DIGIT
NUMBER BY 2 DIGIT NUMBER
E.g. 2 8
x 3 2
Step 1 :
First multiply 28 by 2 ones
2 8
x3 2
56
Next multiply 28 by 3 tens and write below.
( 28 x 3 = 840)
28
x32 https://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=zkUUNo90eSE&t=62s
56
(Video Link)
Finally add the +840
Two products 896
(28 x 32 = 896)
 MULTIPLICATION OF 3 DIGIT
NUMBER BY 2 DIGIT NUMBER
Ex. 425
x 23
Step – 1
Multiply 425 by 3 ones.
425
x23
1275
Step – 2
Now multiply 425 by
2 tens and write below.
425
(425 x 20 = 8500) x23
1275
+8500
9775
Lastly add the two
products (Product of 425 and 23 is 9775)
Activity using
Art Integration

My Marvellous
Multiplication
Learning Objectives
The students will be able to :
Know the process of multiplication of 2 -digit
by 2-digit number and 3-digit number by
2-digit number.
Remember the operations involved in it.
Multiply the give number using column method.
 Method : Explanation by teacher

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71YOIdg7Ts4
&feature=youtu.be
(Video Link)
Learning Outcomes
The students :
Know the process of multiplication of 2 -digit
by 2-digit number and 3-digit number by
2-digit number.
Remember the operations involved in it.
Multiply the give number using column method.
PROPERTIES OF MULTIPLICATION

Property 1
If you change the order of the
numbers , the product remains the same.
Ex. 6x4 = 24
4x6 = 24

It is also known as commutative property

PROPERTY - 2
The product of a number and 1 is the number itself.
Ex. 23 x 1 = 23
123 x 1 = 123
It is also known as identity property of multiplication.
PROPERTY – 3
The product of any number and zero is 0.
Ex. 56 x 0 = 0
143 x 0 = 0
It is also known as zero property of multiplication.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lv6T
pK-3BFI
(Video Link)
Activity for daily life Multiplication

GROUP ACTIVITY :
PICK and FRAME
Learning Objectives:
The students will be able to
Frame word problems for the given
multiplication facts
Identify the situations related to
multiplication
Develop the vocabulary

Materials :
Method: Explanation by the teacher

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LhANuyvM0P4&f
eature=youtu.be

(Video Link)
Learning outcomes
The students :
* Identify the use of multiplication in
our daily life situations
* develop speaking skills
*interlink English with Mathematics
* develop social values
MATHEMATICS IN DAILY LIFE
PROBLEM:
If a box contains 25 toffees, how many toffees are in 28 such boxes ?
Solution:
Number of toffees in one box = 25 H T O
Number of boxes = 28 2 5
Number of toffees in 28 boxes = 25 x 28 X 2 8
28 boxes contain 700 toffees 2 0 0
+ 5 0 0
7 0 0
LEARNING OUTCOME:
Students:
know
 that multiplication is repeated addition.
work upon multiplication of 3 digit numbers by 1 digit

numbers without and with regrouping.
understand the process of multiplication of 2 digit numbers

and 3 digit numbers by 2 digit numbers.
identify and use the various properties of multiplication.

know how to multiply a number by 10, 100 and 1000.

use the concept of multiplication with the multiples of 10, 100

and 1000.
apply the knowledge of multiplication in real life situations.


identify the terms multiplicand, multiplier and product .


Project assigned :
Multiplication wheel for table 35 and 49

 Multiplication wheels for 20,200,2000 as shown below

Project 2:
Make an Intro array city
Concept Mapping