WEEK 12

WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

NET101
NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the session, the students should be able to:
1. To define Network architecture.
2. To define the types of network architecture
3. To know the difference between peer-to-peer and client/server
network.
4. To define cellphone network architecture wireless network
architecture and cellphone to laptop architecture
5. To know what is VoIP and its advantage to the network

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Network Architecture
• It is the design of a communication network. It is a framework for the
specification of a network's physical components and their functional
organization and configuration, its operational principles and
procedures, as well as data formats use.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Network Architecture

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Types of network architecture

• Peer-to-peer architecture
Peer-to-peer or P2P network, the tasks are
allocated among all the members of the
network. There is no real hierarchy among the
computers, and all of them are considered
equal. This is also referred to as a distributed
architecture or workgroup without hierarchy. A
peer-to-peer network does not use a central
computer server that controls network activity.
Instead, every computer on the network has a
special software running that allows for
communications between all the computers.
NET101 – NETWORKING 1
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Advantages of a peer-to-peer
• Does not require a dedicated server which means its less costly.
• If one computer stops working, the other computers connected to the
network will continue working.
• Installation and setup is quite painless because of the built-in support
in modern operating systems.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
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Disadvantage of a peer-to-peer
• Security and data backups are to be done to each individual
computer.
• As the numbers of computers increases on a P2P network...
performance, security, and access becomes a major headache.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Types of network architecture

• Client/server architecture
Client/server network, a number of network
clients or workstations request resources or
services from the network. One or more network
servers manage and provide these resources or
services. The clients are computers that depend
on the server for data and software. Network
servers are also referred to as computer servers,
or simply servers. Sometimes a server is described
in terms of the specific service it provides, such as
e-mail server, print server or storage server.
NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Advantage of a client/server
• Resources and data security are controlled through the server.
• Not restricted to a small number of computers.
• Server can be accessed anywhere and across multiple platforms.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Disadvantage of a client/server
• Can become very costly due to the need of a server as well as
networking devices such as hubs, routers, and switches.
• If and when the server goes down, the entire network will be
affected.
• Technical staff needed to maintain and ensure network functions
efficiently.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Types of network architecture

• Cellphone network architecture

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
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The main components and how it works:

• Mobile Equipment
• Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
• Cell
• Cell Size and Capacity
• Base Station Controller (BSC)
• Mobile Switching Center (MSC)

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Types of network architecture

• Wireless microphone
A wireless microphone is a microphone without a physical
cable connecting it directly to the sound recording or
amplifying equipment with which it is associated. Also known
as a radio microphone, it has a small, battery-powered radio
transmitter in the microphone body, which transmits the audio
signal from the microphone by radio waves to a nearby
receiver unit, which recovers the audio. The other audio
equipment is connected to the receiver unit by cable. Wireless
microphones are widely used in the entertainment
industry, television broadcasting, and public speaking to allow
public speakers, interviewers, performers, and entertainers to
move about freely while using a microphone to amplify their
voices.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Advantage of Wireless microphone

• Greater freedom of movement for the artist or speaker
• Avoidance of cabling problems common with wired microphones,
caused by constant moving and stressing the cables
• Reduction of cable "trip hazards" in the performance space
• Galvanic isolation of microphone, avoiding ground loops between
microphone and other electrical instruments on stage

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
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Disadvantage of Wireless microphone

• Sometimes limited range (a wired balanced XLR microphone can run up
to 300 ft or 100 meters). Some wireless systems have a shorter range,
while more expensive models can exceed that distance.
• Possible interference with or, more often, from other radio equipment
or other radio microphones, though models with many frequency-
synthesized switch-selectable channels are now plentiful and cost
effective.
• Operation time is limited relative to battery life; it is shorter than a
normal condenser microphone due to greater drain on batteries from
transmitting circuitry, and from circuitry giving extra features, if present.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
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Disadvantage of Wireless microphone

• Noise or dead spots (places where it doesn't work, especially in non-
diversity systems)
• Limited number of operating microphones at the same time and
place, due to the limited number of radio channels (frequencies).
• Higher cost in proportion to fewer other features

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

VoIP
IP-Enabled Services. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), is a technology
that allows you to make voice calls using a broadband Internet conne

VOIP is an acronym for Voice Over

Internet Protocol, or in more
common terms phone service over
the Internet. ction instead of a
regular (or analog) phone line.

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
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How VoIP works?

• VOIP Using an ATA
• Ordinary Phone —- ATA —- Ethernet —- Router —- Internet —- VOIP
Service Provider

• VOIP using an IP Phone

• IP Phone —– Ethernet —– Router —- Internet —- VOIP Service
Provider

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

How VoIP works?

• VOIP connecting directly
• It is also possible to bypass a VOIP Service Provider and directly
connect to another VOIP user. However, if the VOIP devices are
behind NAT routers, there may be problems with this approach.
• IP Phone —– Ethernet —– Router —- Internet —- Router —- Ethernet
—- IP Phone

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

Cellphone to Laptop Architecture

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
 WEEK 12 WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY 2

7 advantages of VoIP
1. VoIP Is Easier to Install, Configure, and Maintain
2. VoIP Scales Up or Down Easily
3. Employees' Numbers Follow Them Wherever They Go
4. A Range of Call Features Are Supported
5. Even Older Technology Like Fax Is Supported
6. Hosted VoIP Saves Businesses Money
7. VoIP Integrates With Other Business Systems

NET101 – NETWORKING 1
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Thank You!

NET101 – NETWORKING 1