INTRODUCTION TO LABOUR

CODES
DR. SHIVA SATISH
 WHAT IS LABOUR LAW?
• ‘the law of employment’
• Rules, Bylaws, Administrative actions,
precedents etc.
• For the purpose of:
• Cohesiveness and regulation of:
• Inter-intra labour/employer relations
• Labour = labourers
 CLASSIFICATION
• Regulation of employment/non employment
• Working Conditions
• Compensation
• Labour Amelioration
• Social Security
• Industrial Relations
 ORGANIZED /UNORGANIZED
• Regulations
• Payments/wages
• Security
• Benefits
• Termination
• Registration
• Fixed employment
 CONTD..
• Occupation
• Nature of Employment
Tailors, beedi rollers, domestic workers, fishermen, landless farmers,
crop-share workers, hawkers, vegetable sellers, barbers, loaders,
unloaders, rickshaw pullers,
Drivers of animal driven vehicles etc..
 LABOUR SCENARIO IN INDIA

• Periodic Labour Force survey by NSSO (now

annual urban rural labour survey)
• 50 crore workforce in India
• Unorganised sector
 CONSOLIDATION OF 29 CENTRAL LABOUR LAWS
IN 4 CODES

•The Code on Wages, 2019

•The Occupational Safety, Health and
Working Conditions Code, 2020
•The Code on Social Security, 2020
•The Industrial Relations Code, 2020
 COMPARISON

Earlier Now w.e.f 01/04/21

1. The Payment of Wages Act,
1936 1.The code on
wages , 2019
2. Minimum Wages Act, 1948,
3. Payment of Bonus Act, 1965
4. Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
 CONTD

Then Now w.e.f 1/4/21

• Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
• Trade unions Act, 1926
•The Code on
• Industrial Employment Standing Orders
Act, 1946
industrial relations,
2020
 CONTD..
1. The Factories Act, 1948;
2. The Plantations Labour Act, 1951;
3. The Mines Act, 1952;
4. The Working Journalists and other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and
Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955;
• THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, HEALTH AND
5. The Working Journalists (Fixation of Rates of Wages) Act, 1958;
WORKING CONDITIONS CODE, 2020
6. The Motor Transport Workers Act, 1961;
7. The Beedi and Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act, 1966;
8. The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970;
9. The Sales Promotion Employees (Conditions of Service) Act, 1976;
10. The Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of
Service) Act, 1979;
11. The Cine-Workers and Cinema Theatre Workers (Regulation of Employment)
Act, 1981;
12. The Dock Workers (Safety, Health and Welfare) Act, 1986;
13. The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment
and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996.
 CONTD..
1. The Employee's Compensation Act, 1923;
2. The Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948;
3. The Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous
Provisions Act, 1952;
4. The Employment Exchanges (Compulsory • THE CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY, 2020
Notification of Vacancies) Act, 1959;
5. The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961;
6. The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972;
7. The Cine-Workers Welfare Fund Act, 1981;
8. The Building and Other Construction Workers'
Welfare Cess Act, 1996;
9. The Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act,
2008.
 THE BACKGROUND..

• England, France and Germany

• Labour regulations against child labour in 1818, 1843,
1888
• Working conditions, employment during pregnancy ,
working hours, dangerous employments etc.
 CONTD…
• ILO :League of Nations: end of WW I : Reconstruction
• Whitley 4 Commission( Great Britain)
• industrial councils be established throughout the world
• Labour and Socialist Conference (Great Britain, France, Belgium and
Italy) INTERNATIONAL LABOUR RIGHTS BODY (1919)
 CONTD..
• United States, Samuel Gompers proposed that the international labour
body be authorized only to make recommendations, and that
enforcement be left up to the League of Nations
• Opposed to the concept of an international parliament
• Americans made 10 proposals. They were adopted without change. ILO
IS A RECOMMENDATORY BODY TILL DATE