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Blood and Defense System - 11 Sep 2021
Blood and Defense System - 11 Sep 2021
11 September 2021
Fun Facts #1 : do you know?
How much blood does your body have?
A. One thousand
B. One million
C. One billion
D. One trillion
Fun Facts #2 : do you know?
Two drops of blood contains …………… red blood
cells.
A. One thousand
B. One million
C. One billion
D. One trillion
Fun Facts #3 : do you know?
Below are the three main functions of blood, except :
A. Transportation
B. Protection
C. Regulation
D. Metabolism
Fun Facts #3 : do you know?
Below are the three main functions of blood, except :
A. Transportation
B. Protection
C. Regulation
D. Metabolism
Blood Components
Blood Components: zoom in!
Plasma: the breakdown
Absorbs,
transports and
releases heat Osmotic
balance
pH
buffering
Defense
mechanism
Blood
clotting
Red Blood Cells: the breakdown
Biconcave shape
increases surface
area of cells by
30%
White Blood Cells: the breakdown
White Blood Cells: components
62%
2%
1%
30%
5%
Platelets
Platelets in blood clotting
Blood cells production
How can blood help defend your body?
• White blood cells and lymphatic organs build our immune system
Lymphatic organs:
•Lymph : extracellular fluid that
WBCs can travel through.
•Spleen : an organ that filters
bacteria and broken cells from
the lymph
•Lymph nodes : tissues act as
filters
How does the Immune System Work?
There are two ways in which the immune system operates:
•Nonspecific defenses- Tries to keep everything out
• Skin, mucus, cilia, tears, stomach acid, etc.
•Specific Defenses- Fights off infection once the pathogen gets inside
the body.
• White Blood Cells (WBC’s)
If the pathogen gets inside anyway, there are things your body usually
does to try to slow the invader down:
• Fever- raising body temperature to help denature the pathogen’s proteins
• Expand blood vessels- WBC’s can get to the infection site more quickly
• This is called inflammation, and can be painful
How White Blood Cells Destroy Antigens
• T Cells: antigen-recognizer cells
• They travel through the body in search of
pathogens
• When they find an antigen, they engulf it
and destroy it, then they do something
weird
• They display parts of the antigen on their
membranes, to expose it to the other type
of WBC, the B cells.
Then, …
• Passive: You receive antibodies from another source, but your body doesn’t
know how to make them
•Mother’s milk
•Injection of antibodies
What happens during “Immunization”?
Hallelujah!